FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1962
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
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COLLEGE ROTC UNITS:
Armed Forces Complete Study
LIKE A CAFETERIA:
College Head Delineates
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OFFICER'S SHOES
U.S. Army-Navy Type
By MICHAEL JULIAR
The Air Force and the Army
have recently completed a study of
their collegiate Reserve Officer
Training Corps and are awaiting
Congressional action on it.
The study proposes that the Air
Force and Army ROTC programs
be' reduced from four years to two
years.
The Air Force and Army ROTC
units on the campus have been
aware of the study for two years.
There have been talks with Uni-
versity officials, but there has been
little publicity on the study. Lt.
Col. Dwight Durner, chairman of
the air science department feels
that "it is too early to talk about
it too much. We should wait till
it is made into law. But we have
found the University favorably in-
terested in the reduction. The new
program is at least one or two
years in the future."
Juniors, Seniors Only
The study proposes that the
AFROTC and Army ROTC pro-
grams be reduced from four years
to Just the junior and senior year.
Two summer training camps will
be part of the program before the
junior year and after the senior
year.
At the present, the four-year
training includes one summer
training camp between the junior
and senior years.
The program may also offer
scholarships for ROTC students
in their last two years at college.
As the present ROTC program
stands, the first two years are ex-
ploratory ones. Students making
a commitment to the final two
years are screened before accept-
ance.
New Screening
The new proposal offers a
screening process after the sum-
mer training camp, before the be-
ginning of the junior year.
Durner also pointed out that
many students from two-year jun-
To Conduct
Open House
The University's Peach Moun-
tain Radio Astronomy Observatory
will hold its fifth and final open
house of the 1962 season Sunday,
2-4:30 p.m.
The observatory is located at
10280 North Territorial Rd., and
may be reached by turning west
onto North Territorial Rd. from
U.S. 23, several miles north of Ann
Arbor.
The site houses the University's
85-foot radio astronomy antenna,
a 10-story high instrument which
has been used to obtain measure-
ments of natural radio emissions
from the planets Saturn and Mer-
cury.
for colleges are not able to join
the ROTC program at four-year
Universities when they transfer to
such schools, because they have
missed the first two years of the
program.
Also, the proposal would reduce
the number of students that drop
out of the program. "Many stu-
dents in ROTC now lose interest
or academically drop out before
the first two years are up," Lt.
Col. Durner says.
1916 Law
The present ROTC program is
based on a law passed by Con-
gress in 1916, tequiring four years
of study. The new program would
provide the same number of con-
tact hours in two years as the
present program does in four.
Most of the contact time lost in
the two year reduction of the pro-
gram would be made up through
the summer camps.
At the end of last year, the
AFROTC program had about 280
in it. About 250 are expected this
year.
The Navy is not interested in the
proposal for their ROTC program,
saying that they are satisfied with
their four year program.
Durner says that mandatory
ROTC is rapidly on the decline in
the nation's colleges and probab-
ly will be eliminated by the new
program.
"The only place where this
won't change is in the military
schools, such as Texas A&M and
Citadel.
ISR Suggests Training
To Help Executives Relax
Two staff members of the Insti-
tute for Social Research recently
reported that it may be possible to
reduce tensions in large organiza-
tions through executive training
programs, designed to help fit in-
dividuals to complex jobs.
Study director Jonathan A.
Slesinger and Ernest Harburg who
conducted the research project,
suggest that executives' "failure
to play the role as written, a ba-
sic generator of stress, may unwit-
tingly arise because members have
not received appropriate develop-
ing, training and coaching to meet
the changing requirements of their
roles.
"With rapid change and in-
creasing complexity of modern or-
ganizations, it can no longer be
assumed that executives, particu-
larly higher level executives, can
learn required role b e h a v i o r
through trial and error experi-
ence," they report.
Executive' Planning
Development of the skills which
are necessary for accommodation
to the changing demands of the
organization and its environment
are best secured through deliber-
ately planned and carried out pro-
grams of executive training from
the top on down, they added.
Excess tension in executives oft-
en arises from two major sources:
1) Failure of certain executives
to follow prescribed organization
policy - either intentionally, or
unwittingly due to failure to un-
derstand the policy or its intent;
and
2) Pressure for performance,
again either intentional or unin-
tentional, for example, pressure
for increased sales or more pro-
duction.
Individuals tend to reach inef-
fectively to stress-filled situationsj
within an organization, and may'
retreat from the situation, stand
pat, or make innovations which
may not be beneficial to the or-
ganization, the researchers report.
Failure to control the courses of
stress within an organization, they
add, allows excess tension within
executives to create "impaired role
performance which, especially in
key roles, poses the threat of po-
tential disruptions in the system."
Name Haber
To Position
On Committee
Prof. William Haber, chairman
of the economics department was
recently named to a newly formed
Michigan Economical Advisory
Committee..
Appointed by Gov. John B.
Swainson, Prof. Haber has been
assigned the task of "projecting
the needs of our state in the com-
ing decade" and recommending
government action necessary to
the meeting of these approaching
demands.
Prof. Haber, who is nationally
recognized as a specialist in the
fields of manpower, Social Secur-
ity, and labor relations, will be
assisted on the committee by Prof.
Ronald W. Haughton, co-director
of the University-Wayne State
University Institute of Labor and
Industrial Relations.
Also nominated were Prof. Einar
Hardin of Michigan State Univer-
sity; Prof. Palmer C. Pilcher of
the Wayne State political science
department; and Prof. Sherill Cle-
land, chairman of the Kalamazoo
College economics department.
HIRAM, Ohio - A Midwest col-
lege president says higher educa-
tion used to be like a cafeteria:
students were given a tray and a
choice of hot dishes, usually rep-
resenting the favorite recipes of
the faculty.
"Today, students are going to
the other side of the steamtable
to make up their own recipes,"
said Paul F. Sharp, president of
Hiram College. "It's improved their
academic appetites."
Sharp said there has been a
changing of attitudes on both sides
of the "sheepskin curtain," United
Press International reports. Stu-
dents are showing a, deeper con-
cern and greater personal involve-
ment in their educations and fac-
ulty members are accepting in in-
creasing numbers the theory that
the only educated man is a self-
educated man, he said.
More Responsible
"There is, I believe, throughout
education a drive to make students
more responsible for their own
education," Sharp said.
Sharp's opinion was born out by
a survey at the twelve member
schools of the Midwest College
Council. All the schools reported a
growth of independent study.
The changing attitude manifest-
ed itself in many ways, including
higher library circulations, more
interest in seminar-type courses
and higher graduate school en-
rollments, the survey indicated.
Marks Higher
At the same time, it was found
that academic averages increased
and there was a decline in exces-
sive interest in extracurricular ac-
tivities and social organizations.
"On many campuses, where ten
years ago Greek letter societies
dominated student life, they are
now on the defensive," Sharp said.
The Hiram president said there
was "a real upsurge" of independ-
ent thinking and individualism
among today's college students.
Political Temper
"It reflects itself in the political
temper on campuses. There is a
revolt against regimentation and
conformity," Sharp said. "There is
a fringe group of 'beatniks' in
whom the revolt becomes bizarre
and irresponsible, but even that is
better than apathy."
Sharp said he believed that the
trend toward greater independence
would produce more responsible
and decisive members of the busi-
ness community.
"One thing interested me in talk-
ing with top personnel people in
business and'industry," Sharp said.
"They say the ranks of middle ex-
ecutives are filled with people who
can take orders, but a man who
can make decisions and accept the
responsibility for them is a rare
bird.
"I believe the student who is
more serious about his thinking
will make a greater contribution
to business and public life."
Too often, Sharp said, educators
think of college as merely an ex-
tension of high school.
"We sometimes forget that the
average college boy or girl is fair-
ly mature and, whether a brilliant
student or not, should be ready
to take a good deal of initiative in
getting an education."
Readying Ground
"College must be regarded as a
readying ground for a self-directed
career that starts immediately
thereafter. We may even be doing
some students a disserviceby con-
tinuing to spoon feed them
through the use of traditional
teaching methods alone."
The survey of faculty members
at the Midwest liberal arts col-
leges showed wide acceptance of
the independent study concept.
More than half predicted a sharp
increase in the near future.
Eighty per cent suggested that
independent study should be more
widely introduced into the Amer-
ican high school.
Copyright, 1962, The New York Times
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