TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 1964
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
PAGE T
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 1964 TUE MICHIGAN DAILY
,....z. . .s.,.,,.
Western Powers' Unity Strained
Urges Unity 'WE WILL RETURN':
In Poverty Cuban Exi
les Await Downfall of Castro
BONN ,M)-America's ties to President Charles de Gaulle of
Western Europe were being strain- France was pulling hard at both
ed recently by two tugs of war- ropes. He is against the plan for
one over nuclear arms and the an Atlantic nuclear force, and he
other over trade in grain. There wants West Germany to reduce the
was no immediate sign that Chan- high price it pays for wheat and
cellor Ludwig Erhard's effort to barley.
start a new political union had On the arms issue de Gaulle is
easted things much.
CHANCELLOR ERHARD
DAILY OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
(Continued from Page 2)
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up against formidable opposition
-the United States, Britain and
West Germany. All three want
some kind of Atlantic force that
will give West Germany a say in
the use of nuclear arms inside the
Atlantic alliance, without provok-
ing Moscow by putting them di-
rectly into German hands.
Erhard's Problem
On the grain problem-the more
immediate one to many Euro-
peans-it is Erhard who has the
problem. Outside West Germany
there is general agreement that
Erhard ought to reduce West Ger-
many's high grain pricerto dis-
courage French farmers from pro-
ducing a glut. At the same time
the United States, where a glut is
already chronic, wants him to
make sure that it can keep on
selling in West Germany.
With his domestic troubles
growing, Erhard is most worried
about his own farmers. They
threaten revenge at the polls next
September if he cuts their prices.
It is not only ties with America
that are threatened by these quar-
rels, but also ties of West Euro-
pean unity that have been pain-
fully woven since World War II.
The tightest is the common mar-
ket-an organization of France,
West Germany, Italy, Belgium,
Holland and Luxembourg.
Claim Promise
The French say Erhard has
promised to do something about
the grain price by Dec. 15. The
West Germans say he hasn't. De
Gaulle is threatening to pull out
of the Common Market it he does-
n't get his way.
The tie threatened by plans for
a multilateral nuclear force is a
World News
Roundup
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON-Officials said
yesterday President Lyndon B.
Johnson sent a "normal" con-
gratulatory message to Cambodia's
chief of state, Prince Norodom
Sihanouk, on his country's 11th
anniversary of independence yes-
terday, despite bitter anti-United
States speeches at the celebration
KARLSRUHE, GERMANY - A
West German supereme court
judge admitted yesterday he lied
about writing two magazine arti-
cles critical of the federal gov-
ernment and his own court.
Heinrich Jagusch told the pres-
ident of the supreme court he
wrote the articles "out of deep
concern for the public welfare."
The confession is expected to ex-
plode into a national scandal.
* * *
MILWAUKEE - United A u t o
Workers union pickets marched at
the Allis-Chalmers Mfg. Co. plant
early yesterday as full-scale talks
continued for some time after
passage of a strike deadline set by
10,700 farm implement workers at
five plants in four states.
new and as yet, weak one-the
treaty of friendship ex-Chancel-
lor Konrad Adenauer signed with
de Gaulle nearly two years ago.
The main provision of this treaty
is for frequent meetings between
officials of the two countries.
These show little sign of ending
the disagreements between the
two countries, and may even have
created some new ones.
Erhard's ideas on European po-
litical unity, published recently,
also provide for a lot of meetings
--among the-six Common Market
countries instead of just between
France and West Germany. He
Programs
WASHINGTON (P)--Unless the'
war on poverty is fought simultan-
eously on many fronts there can
be no real hope of success, a North
Carolina educator said yesterday.
Mrs. Minnie Brown, Assistant
State Home Economics Agent, said
an estimated 40 million Americans
are handicapped by poor physical
or emotional health, low levels of
basic education, have working
skills that limit them to poorly
paid, precarious employment or
have skills made obsolescent by
technology.
Mrs. Brown told the Association
of State Universities and Land
Grant Colleges that there is an-
other major factor which tends to
make poverty self-perpetuating.
'Culture of Poverty'
By ROBERT D. CLARK
Associated Press Staff Writer
MIAMI - "Volveremos" is the
militant slogan of thousands of
refugees who long for a Cuba
without Fidel Castro.
The Spanish word means simply
"we will return." Exiles shout
"volveremos!" at anti-Castro ral-
lies. They paste it on windows of
their American cars and apart-
ments.
"We will go back when Castro
falls," 270,000 exiles tell each oth-
er as they get jobs, start busi-
nesses, learn English, wed and buy
homes in their land of refuge.
But Castro already has weather-
ed nearly six turbulent years in
power.
Return Delayed
The Cuban Economists Associ-
ation in exile feels that the return
of the majority of the refugees
- Willho ClaU d b t
minister of education and
now)
must have felt it
could reasonably
hard may want
looks more like a
Europe, there is
de Gaule would
was as far as he
go. Though Er-
something that
United States of
little doubt that
veto that as he
leac
exi
exil
ref
if t
so.
aft
Cu
Cu
to
ben
p
vetoed Britain's attempt to E
the Common Market.
P " ~. "d . a". PC' 1 ,.-
enter
%der of the Cuban teachers in
le, scoffed at the idea that
le in America would handicap
ugee children for life in Cuba
they return there in 10 years or
He said these youngsters, soon
ter repatriation, "will be as
ban as those remaining in
ba. Of course they will be able
speak English, and that will be
neficial to the Cuban culture."
Perez Espinos said he knows of
formal programs under way to
eserve among the exiles their
kways and culture.
Like many of their compatriots,
Alvarez Diaz and Alabua Trelles
reject the idea that Castro can
last. Both agreed, however, that
even if Fidel were whisked from
the scene tomorrow, returning ex-
iles would have to cope with eco-
nomic andhpolitical chaos in re-
building thetir country.
Won't Affect Children
Louis Perez Espinos, formerl
Some rather extensive programs
are afoot, however, under federal,
state and local supervision to
equip refugees for life in America
in case they miss their guess about
returning to Cuba.
Nearly 16,000 Cuban boys and
girls are studying English in
schools of Dade County (Miami)
-where the exiles' mass advent
has prompted Spanish language
instruction for about the same
number of American youngsters.
Three thousand adult exiles are
attending Miami classes in Eng-
lish. They are the latest of about
70,000 to receive such help since
1961.
Vocational training also is of-
fered to exiles in conection with a
resettlement program, organized
to relieve pressure on Miami by
distributing some refugees through
all 50 states.
The U.S. immigration service
said that of 269,590 Cubans ad-
mited between Jan. 1, 1959, Cas-
tro's takeover day, and last June
30, only 45,819 entered in formal
immigrant status. The rest arriv-
ed on temporary visas, most of
7
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7
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1
7
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i
Rec ss dnis May o thse ho ivein ov-wi ire delayea, at pest .r
etMany of those who live in pov- The association recently inter- no
erty for a long time tend to be- viewed exiles in the United States, pre
In Pa per Strike come. part of the "culture of pov- Latin America and Spain. Jose fol
erty," she said. Alvarez Diaz, association presi-
Those who accept this culture dent and former Cuban treasury
TOLEDO(M-Settlement talks no longer make the strenuous ef- minister, reported these conclus- sun
in Detroit's prolonged newspaper fort required to overcome poverty, ions: no
strike were recessed yesterday and their children learn to accept "About 90 per cent want to re-
with both sides reported to have it as a normal way of life, she turn to their homeland. ...
reached "areas of agreement" on added
adsdesue. "(But from our survey) we
most issues. The culture of poverty, Mrs..rahtecnlso hto
Federal mediator Walter Mag- Brown said, "is characterizedby- pren ohemould go nly 30
percen ofthm wuldgoimme-
giolo said striking unions of a sense of despair and hopeless- diately upon Castro's overthrow
pressmen and plate handlers and ness, by low levels of aspiration, regardless of the situation inside
thet afternoon Detroit News and by suspicion of others.... and by Cuba. Forty per cent would return
morning Detroit Free Press have a set of values that emphasize tak- when there was evidence of poll
agreed to resume negotiations ing advantage of whatever imme- tical stability and economic pros-
next week. diate gratifications are possible pects. Another 20 per cent would
Negotiations with plate hand- with little regard for a future that go back only when they could ob
lers were to resume in Detroit at is assumed to be as bleak and tamn in Cuba an income similar to
9:30 a.m. Monday, but the site hopeless as the present." what they are getting now.
and time of the new talks with 20 Per Cent Some Won't
the pressmen were to be determin- Mrs. Brown estimated that more "Ten per cent, with residence
ed later. than 20 per cent of the total Unit- now in this and other countries,
Saturday's talks ended a two- ed States population lives in pov- would not return."
day session here-the first after a erty despite the high level of pros- Exiled Cuban Supreme Court
two-week lapse in negotiations. perity throughout the country as Justice Francisco Alabau Trelles
Maggiolo said the publishers and a whole. said he believed that neither mar-
the pressmen had reached an "Any attack on the problem riage, jobs, property ownership
"area of agreement" on such is- with any real hope of success nor other stateside developments
sues as premium pay for Saturday must be a total community attack would deter more than 10 per cent
work at the Detroit Free Press, with coordinated action by a num- 'of the refugees from going back to
wash-up time or clothing allow- ber-if not all-public agencies Cuba if they could. And he said
ances and wages, health and oth- and volunteer groups in the com- the remaining one-tenth probab-
er fringe benefits. munity," she said. ly would drift back gradually. :
Both craft unions met seper- -_-_-
ately and jointing at the bargain-
ing table with the publishers and
members of a panel of state and
federal mediators, including Mag-:
giolo, who is director of federal E U R 0 P E i 6S
mediation activity.E
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:"4:J": E " ::. . .."""."'C': :." "l:."..h?"...A.1:.r...... . . .
'That is because Cubans
re their stay outside Cuba
t be long," he said.
feel
will
which long since expired: or show-
ed up without any papers at all-
often after a perilous boat trip
across the Florida straits. The
rules have been waived for the
overstays and the undocumented
refugees.
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