Fratemnties Meet
Prai'se Criticism
By SID MOODY
Associated Press Newsteatures Writer
NEW YORK-Few campus characters are more loved and
loathed than that enduring Greek-American institution, the college
fraternity.
Along with the New Deal, recognition of Red China and pre-
marital sex, it remains a standard topic of campus debate.
To its foes, the Greek letter fraternity is a relic hopelessly
overgrown with ivy, featuring orgies on every floor and supported
by snobbery, bigotry and bleary-eyed alumni who never quite left
their sophomore year.
Social Graces
To its friends, it is an invaluable teacher of self-reliance, the
social graces, democracy and scholarship all welded together by that
mystical bond called brotherhood, a togetherness as ancient as the
herd.
This is a sincere if often heated argument but one normally
confined to college bull sessions, debating halls or alumni maga-
zines between Greeks (fraternity members) and non-Greeks (all
the others).
' Then, last year, Williams College gave the Greeks one of their
sharpest setbacks. Williams, a genteel men's school rich in fra-
ternity tradition, liberal arts and conservative alumni, decided its 15
fraternities would have to go.
Record Numbers
Williams' action comes' at a time when fraternities (and their
sisters, sororities) are present in record numbers on American
campuses. There are 262 national collegiate Greek letter societies.
They have 16,006 chapters and a membership of graduates and
undergraduates of 6.8 million. There are fraternities for Jews, Fili-
pinos, engineering students, Poles, Negroes and so on.
Yet while at a numerical and fiscally prosperous peak, frater-
Y nities are being increasingly challenged to justify themselves in an
age that has seen soldiers marching to integrate a university and
in a country sensitive to the egalitarian mood of the world's new
nations.
At a time when the nation cries for brains, the hand-wringers
see fraternities as anti-intellectual playgrounds where the bonds of
brotherhood tie knots of conformity and the climb to the social
graces too often stumbles into a trap of hooch, hazing and-well,
the Greeks have a word for it.
AP Poll
Is this a valid profile of the Greeks? To find out the Associated
Press polled 150 campuses across the nation. The fraternity emerges
as particularly strong in the Midwest and South, under fire in the
Northeast 'but almost everywhere being reformed in varying degree
either from within or without.
On one coast, at Oregon State University, they are "welcome,
not just tolerated, for their generally wholesome environment and
valuable housing." On the other coast they may be banned in Bos-
ton. Boston University Dean Staton R. Curtis says "time is running
out, I fear," citing fraternities' "fiscal mismanagement, low aca-
demic achievement and failure to choose a representative member-
ship."
The average fraternity house (they can be worth as much as
$300,000) may have 50-60 members, half of whom live in, a drinking
room lined with irreverent cartoons of the brothers, a secret meet-
ing or "goat" room perhaps with a skull or two or such ceremonial
equipment. If the house is lucky enough to have a good cook, living
can be easy.
Some Sayings
And the living can inspire lyrical praise:
"Brotherhood isn't just a 50-50 deal. It's 60-60. It's that extra
20 per cent that really counts."-Fraternity handbook at Arizona
State University.
... Or scorn:
"(Greeks) are colorless, personality-less men who feel confident
wearing a pin. The university is paternalistic enough, but the
See FRATERNITIES, Page 2
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Seventy-Two Years of Editorial Freedom
VOL. LXXIII, No. 155 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, APRIL 28, 1963 SEVEN CENTS EIGHT PAGES
PHI KAPPA PSI:
UnitRutle Causes
Severance of Ties
By BURTON MICHAELS
The Swarthmore College chapter of Phi Kappa Psi has become
the third Swarthmore fraternity to sever ties with its national due
to racial discrimination.
The chapter objected to the national's unit rule which allows
any chapter to object to the pledge of any other chapter. "The unit
rule is the only clause of a discriminatory nature, and that really
Cites News
Managing
By ROBERT SELWA
Special To The Daily
PITTSBURGH-Everyone tries
to manage the news, but the Ken-
nedy administration has tried it
more intensely and boldly than
any previous administration, Rep.
George Meader (R-Ann Arbor)
declared yesterday.
Meader spoke at a luncheon of
journalists attending a regional
convention of Sigma Delta Chi,
the national journalism fraternity.
He cited techniques of news.
management used by the Kennedy
and other administrations : the
leak, the exclusive story, the back-
ground conference, the unofficial
spokesman, press handouts that
unduly favor the President, sup-
pression of certain news, and the
doctrine of executive privilege.
The danger of government news
management, he said, is that it
undermines the trust and con-
science of the citizenry in their
government. This situation is all
the worse when government news
management is done at public ex-.
pense, because self-government'
then vanishes, Meader added.
Under questioning, Meader said
that it is difficult for a govern-
ment to educate the citizenry and
to bring the issues to the people
without managing some news. But,
he said, there are "so many cases"
where government tries to project
a favorable image regardless of
the circumstances of a news event.
vis not explicit, although in prac-
tice its use would be to exclude
Negroes," Douglas Brand of the
Swarthmore chapter said.
The chapter had been trying to
abolish the unit rule at national
conventions, but failed.
Under No Pressure
Swarthmore Phi Psi's "initiated
the action to withdraw on prin-
ciple." They were under no pres-
sure from the college and were
involved in no specific controversy
of trying to pledge a Negro.
"Our object was not to go out
in a blaze of glory, nor are we
trying to set an example, And
there are no bitter feelings be-
tween the national and our chap-
ter," Brand said.
Jack E. Matthias, '63BAd, pres-
ident of the University's chapter,
feels "the unit rule is not the
kind of thing that's in common
usage. The unit rule could be
exercised, but it hardly ever is."
Local Autonomy
University Phi Psi's have not
tried to get the unit rule abolish-
ed. "We consider that We have
enough local autonomy.
"We do not have to report our
pledges' race or religion. If we
did pledge a Negro and the na-
tional found out, there might be
a few older conservatives who
wouldn't be impressed, but I don't
think the national would take any
action," Matthias said.
The national has witnessed
"some pressure from some East-
ern chapters, but not more than
a cople voted with Swarthmore.
There is no general feeling among
undergraduates to abolish the
unit rule," he continued.
'Probably Best'
"I personally do not feel any
loss because of Swarthmore's
withdrawal. They don't look at
things the way other'chapters do'.
They were a strong chapter; they
went out of their way to prove
a point, and it's probably best."
Matthias knows of "no verified
case" of a Negro being pledged to
any Phi Psi chapter. No chapter
has used the unit rule to control
the pledging of the University's
chapter. In 1958, however, one
Eastern chapter was involved in
a controversy over pledging a
Negro and "went local in protest."
The University's Phi Psi's sub-
nitted amembership statement
which the Student Government
Council Committee on Member-
ship accepted. The chapter did
not consult with the national on
the statement, but did send it a
copy, to which the national has
not objected.'
Not Technically
Phi Psi's enjoy local autonomy,
although technically they do not.
Whether this will remain satis-
factory to the Committee on Mem-
bership has not been decided.
"We have not looked into our
legal position on this ground. We
are now prosecuting only against
written bias clauses. But if the
unit rule were used anywhere in
the country to discriminate, we
would 'be interested," Richard M.
Young, '63, chairman of the Com-
mittee on Membership, said.
Swarthmore Phi Psi's follow
Kappa Sigma and Phi Delta Theta
at Swarthmore in going local. The
Phi Psi chapter enjoys the support
of its alumni group and admin-
istration as it changes its name
and operates as a local.
Aid .Plans
Endorsed
By Group
By THOMAS DE VRIES
special To The Daily
WASHINGTON (CPS) - The
Federal Aid to Education confer-
ence Friday night endorsed Presi-
dent John F. Kennedy's education
aid proposals, but rejected any
prospects against linking federal
aid with United States Cold War
aims.
Winding up a two-day confer-
ence, highlighted by speeches by
top education and administration
officials and talks with congres-
sional supporters of federal aid,
the conference urged the adoption
of all sections of the President's
proposal.
It asked that Congress approve
aid to higher and vocational edu-
cation and expand the National
Defense Education Act scholar-
ships. However, the conference
noted that federal support was
only supplementing local respon-
sibility.
Aid Legislation
The conference also called for
an anti-discriminatory clause in
aid legislation.
However, the conference refused
to attack the linking of federal
aid to national defense. A mo-
tion by former chairman of the
Student Government Council Com-
mittee on the University, Ralph
Kaplan, '63, warning against this
"distortion," was defeated, 38-18.
The conference also deleted the
phrase, "the present attempt to
use education as a weapon in the
Cold War," from a motion prais-
ing Kennedy's science and lan-
guage proposals.
White House Press Secretary
PierresSalinger, evaluating the
chances of Kennedy education
proposals, told a news conference
of reporters covering the FATE
conference that the White House
"is pushing even harder for the
bill this year than last." However,
he displayed only mild optimism
about its passage.
College Aid
"Frankly, there is more hope
for getting college aid than aid for
elementary and s e c o n d a r y
schools."
He pointed out that a bill to
aid medical schools had already
passed the House.
Leading supporters of the Sen-
ate version of the Kennedy edu-
cation program agreed with Sal-
inger, noting that the religious is-
sue would probably prove fatal to
measures on primary and second-
ary education.
Sen. Paul Douglas (D-Ill) com-
mented that the voluntary attend-
ance factor in higher education
will mitigate the church-state is-
sue.
CCNC Meets
On Document
The Co-ordinating Committee
for the New Constitution met yes-
terday to prepare to defend the
document against an impending
recount of spring election votes.
Edward L. Cushman, vice-presi-
dent of American Motors Corp.,
spearheaded a motion to file a
counter-petition asking for a re-
count "in at least one precinct in
every county in Michigan," once
the Democrat's own recount peti-
tion is filed.
Funds to finance the CCNC re-
count will be raised by their exe-
cutive committee, and all citizen
groups that worked for adoption
of the document will be asked to
train and provide volunteer re-
count workers.
SCORES 'EVIL TRINITY':
C ume Chipembere. Designate Goal
Of Movement Toward African Unit
By LAURENCE KIRSHBAUM
Typoraphical M i stak
Inegislat i ve Proposal
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an resumit the ppstoer bt-
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I petio areism ntoma nageriluccessf thate mieaure
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In isespech "ManaralTaleed a t tentae oren reionhdest e a
Walteligenceskeighamalctr,Prof.ia iSelfi disucueathesour-daaisessontppovwapu. bsi
five traits of managerial success applied to three levels of management. ness for the term.
Prof. Ghiselli defined the first level of management as the one Call Back
"conerned with the over-all government of the organization and the However, Rep. Gilbert E. Bursley
formulation of broad plans and" -- - (R-Ann Arbor) speculated last
policies." The second level con- £i. ofca evening that the House leadership
sisted of those who "crystallize the Ng riscusses may call back the Legislaturelate
general policies formulating them exwek
into workable procedures." S ocialn hdn If the issue does not come to a
LevClaBelo vote before June 4, it is possible
TL ir d levelps t Belo htes -nshatnothernnewd plans will be sub -
eouainagoemenT are lalorers nC olleges mitted, therefo 2endangering the
cedrs managerat he level r n ERepublican majority.
who produce goods. By ANDREW ORLIN In the plan, the Upper endin-
In tetingvarius mnages onsula would remain a separate dis-'
all three levels, Prof. Ghiselli found special ToeTse.Daly trit as the House proposed inits
that intelligence is correlated with DETROIT - Representatives original version. This is despite a
managerial level and success. At a from the Michigan Region of the population 105,000 below the ideal
quite high level of intelligence, United States National. Student size of 411,000 for a congressional
however, he discovered that man- Association discussed the role of district.
agers were usually not successful the American universities as "in- 11th District
because of lack of intellectual stitutions of social change" at its The present 11th District takes
challenge in their job. spring conference yesterday. in the northern Lower Peninsula
Supervisory ability-the ability The conference held at Wayne and the eastern half of the Upper
to direct others' activities-and State University, drew sharp dis- Peninsula, while the western half
occupational level are also corre- tinctions between the American makes up the 12th District. 'Both
lated to managerial success. Of all and European types of educational districts are greatly under the
five traits, Prof. Ghiselli found systems. ideal size and have Republican r
this of "paramount importance". While education in the Euro-representatives.
for success. pean style permits and even stim- The Senate had passed the
Beginning of Actions ulates the institution towards so- measure with a 21-10 vote. At the
The third trait, that of initia- cial change-a socially conscious time the error was discovered, it
tive, has two aspects. The first student class-the American sys- appeared that the House had the
"involves the beginning of ac- tem fails to do either, Prof. Leon- 56 votes needed to approve the
tions" or motivation. The second ard W. Moss of WSU said, plan and it was sent to Romney's
involves discovery of "new means Lower Status office for his signature.
of goal achievement." Prof. Ghi- Amrcnshosdnthaes Yesterday's events were a climax
selli called initiative self generat- hiAestatuschasduroeanver-s' to weeks of partisan wrangling
ing, and considered individuals'stehcniud.Uvriis over the issue. The apportion-
evaluations of themselves as being siiswecniue.Uieste ent plan was the main reason for
important. Initiative, like the pre- in the United, States are alsocalnStudyseraesi.
.. . _ -_ . _ __,- stifled by unnecessary financial calngStrdysexr esin
ceding traits, is related to level of d Federal Census
occupation. and research burdens. yFdrlCnu
Arthur MacCullagh, Interna- Michigan is entitled to a 19th
tional Student Society vice-presi- district under the 1960 United
dent at WSU, noted that higher States Federal Census.
education in the United States is Other legislative business dealt
geared to far greater numbers of with the approval of committee
t students than education in foreign reports on appropriations. The to-
countries. "American schools are tal budget will reach approxi-
set up to- fit people into society mately $550 million.
and therefore they tend to main-
tain the status quo," he said.
Because of the small numbers Bus Company
of students in European and La-
tin American countries and the
respect accorded to education To Cut Li es
there, students form a separate
class elite, Prof. Moss noted. They The Ann Arbor City Bus Co.
play an important political role is planning to give up its lines,
as well as fulfilling the needs of with the exception of the School
their respective countries. Bus Service, President Arvin Mar-
Too Involved shall said yesterday.
Former Chairman of the Michi- A petition has been filed with
gan Region Robert Ross, '63, not- the city council noting that "the
ed that American universities are operation of all buses must be
too involved in performing tasks discontinued."
for existing institutions such as The petition, scheduled to come
government and big business, before the council next Monday
T w o Nyasaland government
ministers last night pledged Afri-
can unity as "a goal which can be
realized and which we are deter-
mined to realize."
The two officials, Minister of
Education, Social Development
and Information Kan y a m a
Chiume, and Minister of Local
Government H. B. Masauko Chip-
embere addressed the African stu-
dents Union at their annual din-.
ner-ball.
Chipembere called for this uni-
fication to occur against "the evil
trinity of poverty, ignorance and
disease." He criticized "alleged
African experts" who view Africa's
barrier to unity as tribal diversi-
ties and lack of education within
the country.
Common Objectives
"People don't need education to
establish unity," he contended.
"What they need are these com-
mon objectives."
Warning against American pa-
ternalism, he said, "We do not re-
gard ourselves as inferior to you
in any way. The unity you have
here we will have in a few years."
Chipembere appealed to Ameri-
cans to help in the African uni-
fication movement. "It is in the
best interests of the world that
Africa unite," he said. "Chaos in
Africa is bound to affect world
peace and the interests of all
humanity."
No Danger
Cautioning against world fear
of African unity, he said, "Our
unification is no danger to other
peoples of the world." He added a
special promise to University
overnor Signs
udgeship Bill
Gov. George Romney signed a
ill Friday creating a second Cir-
uit Court judgeship for Washte-
-Daily-Richard'Vooper
UNITY AND LIBERTY-Nyasaland's Minister of Local Govern-
ment H. B. Masauko Chipembere (left) and Minister of Educa-
tion, Social Development and Information Kanyama Chiume
prepare to deliver their addresses to the African Students Union
last night. They pledged liberty and unity for all of Africa.
President Harlan Hatcher that
"when we are powerful enough we
shall not launch a missile at the
University."
. He then issued a more general
promise that "when Africa unites,
she has no intention of repeating
the injustices she has suffered."
He did, however, indicate his
"wish that it were possible for
Africa to enslave England for a
few years."
Chiume examined the struggle
for independence in Nyasaland, a
struggle which terminated last
February with the election of its
first African - dominated govern-
ment. Previously, it had been a
British colony.
Elephants and Donkeys
Drawing an analogy to the
United States, he said, "In Nyasa-
land we have plenty of Democratic
elephants and a fair collection of
Republican donkeys. But over and
above them there are three million
dedicated Africans determined to
liberate their country."
bama," he indicated "Nyasaland's
problems of independence and
strife are just about over." He
was referring to the seating of
Nyasaland in the United Nations,
"a not too distant prospect."
He explained that they had been
in New York to confer with Sec-
retary-General U Thant. "We
wanted to make sure that there
are plenty of people to polish the
seat we will occupy."
Chiume pledged his country's
support to free all of Africa. "As
long as there is one centimeter of
African territory dominated by
the white man, then it is not free,"
he asserted.
White Domination
"We a "e not engaged in a strug-
gle for or against communism, but
a terrible fight against white dom-
ination in Africa. To carry out
this struggle, we will do whatever
we have to assure ourselves a free
Africa." he said.
"When you are dealing with civ-
ilized people, you can use civil-
KAPPAS, DELTS:
cSlush Taupe'Wains
Kappa Kappa Gamma and Del-
ta Tau Delta won first place in
Skit Night last night with "Slush
Taupe and the Seven Dwarts."
Second place went to Alpha
Epsilon Phi and Zeta Beta Tau for
"The Herd Shot Around the
World," while Delta Delta Delta
and Phi Gamma Delta took third
with "The Gambler."
Also competing in the Spring
Weekend finale were Alpha Phi
and Lambda Chi Alpha with "The
West Can Be Beat!", Bush House
and Cooley House with "Deep in
Y
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