* ~Jg Ai~i~w knI
Seventy-Second Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
"Where Opinions Are Free STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. " ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phon NO 2-3241
Truth Will Preval"
HURRICANE IN BRITISH HONDURAS:
Hattie s Disaster: Eye-Witness Account
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
SUNDAY, NOVEM1BER 19, 1961 NIGHT EDITOR: PHILIP SHERMAN
International Center:
The Negative Approach
THE MORE THAN 50,000 foreign students at
colleges in the United States face improper
political restrictions at both the national and
local institutional level. At the University,
with its 1800 foreign students, there is a unique
relationship between the two types of restric-
tion. :,
Section 241-(a) of the Immigration and
Nationality Act most effectively muzzles any
unorthodox political views a foreign student
may want to express. The government threatens
. to deport any alien who "advocates the eco-
nomic, international and governmental doc-
trines of world communism . . . either through
their own utterances or through any written
or printed publications issued or published."
Aliens (including foreign students) are also
forbidden to "write or publish, or cause to
be written or published, or to knowingly cir-
culate, distribute, print or display' any com-
munist, fascist, or anarchistic literature.
THE RESTRICTION on the University level
is much harder to pin down. The entire
orientation of the International Center seems
to be one of negativism--"keep the foreign
waas s p3Tao l gt L n o no sluapnls
reluctant to take the responsibility -for in-
stituting badly-needed changes.
This void of responsibility is shown in the
Center's attitude toward discriminaton toward
foreign students in private housing. When'
contacting landlords for possibilities of finding
living quarters for foreign students, the Center.
asks the owners if they would be willing to
rent to the students.
- Over the years, a list of about 600 owners
who answer affirmatively. has been built up
for use when foreign students seek lodgings
in the fall. But, no list has been kept of owners
who refuse to rent to foreign students, and
there is no cooperation between the Center
and the Human Relations Board about this
discrimination.
THIS TYPE of policy (or non-policy) orien-
tation leaves the guiding lines on what
foreign students can do very fuzzy. The re-
strictions on their political expression come
haphazardly-they are much less concrete
and harder to define than the federal position.
For instance, there have been several cases
in the past where there would seem to have
been political muzzling. Four years ago, Ukran-
ian students were "discouraged" from picket-
ing on Captive Nations Day by International
Center director James M. Davis. Several Af-
rican students at the University wanted to
protest Prime Minister Nehru's policy toward
apartheid in South Africa, and were warned
that their action might be "investigated."
Foreign students wishing to demonstrate after
the death of Lumumba .were faced with a
"suggestion" from Davis that it might be wiser
not to do so.
Now all this is in apparent contradiction to
Davis' statement that the International Center
makes no attempt to influence one way or
WAR AND PEACE:
A Litt
AN'CE UPON A TIME on an uncharted island
another the political activities of foreign stu-
dents. If they wanted to take part with other
University students in a protest, Davis claims,
against the speaker ban, for example, the
International Center would make no attempt
to stop it.
International Center officials insist that any
consultation between it and student clubs
dealing with foreign students is purely volun-
tary on the part of the organizations. Guidance
is available at the Center if the student groups
want to use it. Yet the president of one
nationality club has flatly maintained that
groups are required to consult with adminis-
tration officials before planning any political
demonstrations or protests. Otherwise, the
president said, the club runs the risk of losing
its charter.
NOW, the University's unique and direct
connection between the two types of re-
striction is Dr. Davis. He has the power to
influence both spheres, but has not done so.
Davis is considered one of the best men in
the country in his field. He is president of
the National Association of Foreign Student
Advisors. As chairman of President John F.
Kennedy's Task Force on Cultural Exchange,
he was largely responsible for Congressional
passage of revisions in immigration laws and
in mutual cultural exchange provisions.
But with all his contacts in Washington, and
an unquestioned superiority in his chosen
profession, he has made no effort to get the
smothering federal restrictions on political
expression of foreign students eliminated, or
even softened.
On the local level, he has shown little if any
concern over the fact that, despite some pro-
gress, 12 per cent of the foreign students here
have encountered discrimination in private
housing.
Theorientation of negativism, and the re-
sulting confusion and restriction, only make
the position of foreign students here much
more difficult and uneasy, above and beyond
the pressures of a strange new culture.
THE INTERNATIONAL CENTER does not
know what it is doing or where it is going.
Although a structural hierarchy exists, there
is no clear framework of policy or definition
of goals.
But the ideal role of the International Center
is clear. It must adopt a progressive attitude
toward eliminating unwarranted restrictions
on foreign students. It must work toward
creating condidtions in which foreign students,
as much as they want to, can assimilate into
the campus.
It should serve as a transition between the
two worlds of the foreign student by acting as
a clearing house for his practical problems
and as a meeting place for students from
all cultures.
But first of all, the Center must take a long,
hard look at what it is doing, and at what it
should do.
-GERALD STORCH
S (EDITOR'S NOTE: Torre Bissel, a
former University student, has been
teaching school in Belize, British
Honduras for just under a year.
He wrote these letters to his par-
ents during the last week in Octo-
ber and the first of November,
when hurricane Hattie devastated
the country.)
Tuesday, 3:00 a.m.
DEAR DAD AND MOTHER,
Yesterday I turned on the ra-
dio expecting to hear music but
instead I heard the announcement
that "Hattie' had turned and was
heading right for Belize. After
having made this announcement
BHBS proceeded to play interlude
music between announcements and
bulletins. Two selections which
they played several times ech
were "Stormy Weather" and
"Walking in the Rain."
i You asked what it's like to be
in a hurricane in an earlier let-
ter. It is supremely monotonous.
Nothing happens. The hurricane
only moves at eight or nine miles
an hour and it seems to take for-
ever to wind its way across the
Carribean to get to us.
* * *
4:50 a.m.
AT4 A.M. the hurricane sudden-
ly ceased to be monotonous.
With a loud crash that woke every-
one, a building near by (we don't
know where) went down. Even
though we are in a reinforced con-
crete building, the whole build-
ing is shaking. I am fearful that
the doors will give away. We have
them barricaded and people sit-
ting on the barricades but ..--
I'm sorry if my writing isn't
clear but I'm sitting in semi-dark-
ness. We can hear zinc roofing
smash against our building. They
come off the roofs with a sharp
"crack!" and then flick by. I
wish dawn would come, we can't
see what's happening.
We have to keep yawning to
clear our ears because the pres-
sure is dropping so much.
7:00 a.m., Tuesday
THE TRAGEDY continues. From
where we are I can see where
the United States Consulate was.
There are no houses in sight at
all. The water isnow 5 or 6 feet
high. I feel sick at heart because
of the dead and the dying. At
about 6 a.m. we think the eye
came over. The wind died down
for 20 minutes and then came
back again only this time from
the sea. At about 6:45 the water
started rising. If you only knew
how we feel here thinking about
friends and relatives who must be
injured or dead.
This is the most terrifying hor-
rible experience I have ever been
through. Everything is in slow mo-
tion. We sit here hour after hour
not knowing what is happening.
The room is always noisy with
children. I wonder how many of
my students are dead.
The water keeps boiling in from
the sea. It keeps rising. It's like
a river in flood. Debris is all
around us.
11:00 a.m.
TEE U.S. CONSULATE is stand-
ing after all. When I was look-
ing before I couldn't see it for the
rain even though it's only in the
next lot. Now that it is daylight
and the rain is only a drizzle we
can see the damage. I just can't
believe it. Houses are tossed
around in crazy ways and most
have lost their roofs. I wish I
could describe it but I can't; it's
too chaotic. What a night! I would
never want to repeat it.
Wednesday, 10:35 a.m.
YESTERDAY I went around the
cable office to try and get
word to you, but no luck; both it
and the BHBS will be out for
days. Yesterday from about 1:00
in the afternoon I waded around
checking on people. Often the
water was waist high. The Vernons
have no home left at all. It just
disintegrated. They spent Monday
night in the courthouse. The roof
flew off it. Today as I have walk-
ed around, everything is a sea of
mud; often 7 or 8 inches deep.
Throughout the whole city, in the
house, in the closets, beds, clothes,
food, all is mud.
St. Michael's is ruined. The new
building just disintegrated and the
old one is pushed on an angle with
no roof and many walls gone.
We heard on the radios last
night and this morning that aid
would be coming today. I hope so
because there isn't more than 2
days food and water left in the
city. I would estimate that 1/3
of the houses are totally destroy-
ed, another 1/3 partially damaged
but still habitable, and the other
1/3 only lightly damaged. The only
way I can describe it is to com-
pare it with Stanleyville and the
other suburbs that got hit by the
tornadoes in Grand Rapids. But
instead of a narrow belt of dam-
age it spreads over the whole city.
Everyone says that this is much
worse than. the 1931 hurricane in
terms of its severity and the
amount of property damage.dHow-
ever, the number of dead will be
much smaller because people were
warned and most took shelter. I
doubt if it will be over 75 dead in
sweeping it clear of every piece
of equipment. Everything upstairs
is smashed, ruined and soaking
wet. A girl I know who took shel-
ter there said that women were
delivering babies while the wind
ripped the roof off from over
their heads and the walls bulged
in and out from the wind pres-
sure and the full force of the
wind and rain struck them. So far
as I can tell, all of my friends are
alive and well. Here's hoping on
my students.
* * *
4:30 p.m.
IT'S OBVIUOS now that there
will be at least 2-300 dead in
Belize alone. Belize is described as
"75 per cent damaged" but Stann
Creek and Punta Gorda are both
"95 per cent damaged.' Cayo and
Benque Viejo have both suffered
severe damage. One thing I don't
understand is that people behaved
so well in the shelters during
"Hattie" but now they are going
ill. Many stores have been gutted
by mobs of vandals. I happened
to be passing Bata Shoe Store this
afternoon while it was being mob-
bed. The troops had to break it
up with tear gas. One woman was
shot dead in the fight. I guess
when people have suffered such
complete losses they really can't
be expected to act rationally.
The people in town are in an
ugly mood, but I think things
will improve tomorrow. Food is
being distributed now and the
streets are getting bulldozed clear.
They finally got the bridge in line
again. The force of the wind turn-
ed it around. One problem is that
the water is rising again. It's the
backwash from the storm. Four-
teen people died on Caye Corker
and there are only 2 houses left
standing on St. Georges Caye.
Everywhere here is a sea of soupy
mud.
Thursday, 7:40 p.m.
SPENT THE DAY helping var-
ious friends get food and
straightened up. This morning we
took the mattresses out of the
ruins of the Vernon home to across
the street where they are staying
with relatives. Their house is like
the fun house at Ramona Park;
all tilted up at a 40* angle. About
noon I saw a man who was drown-
ed taken out of a ruin and burned
on the street. It didn't bother me
much. It just seemed part of the
passing scene. Tomorrow they
start burning bodies in the Pris-
onic Creek area.
I've never seen so many report-
ers. This afternoon I tried to get
a message relayed through the po-
lice radio and tomorrow I'll try
and get a note out to one of the
planes. After that I'm giving up
trying to get word to you. They
are going to start hauling people
out of Belize tomorrow up to
high land where they are setting
up tent cities.
They are seriously talking of
abandoning Belize and rebuilding
elsewhere. The damage is so com-
plete here that they wouldn't be
losing much by leaving what's
still standing.
One of the reasons that there
has been so much looting was ex-
pressed very well by a comment I
heard on the street: "I have mon-
ey but it isn't any good." Whe,
you can't buy anythingwith your
money and you know that there
is a shop with food or clothes that
you need you just have to break
in to get it. Many times in the past
two days I have walked down
streets on which I have gone doz-
ens of times before and not seen
a single landmark that I recog-
nize. Houses that were two stories
are now one (or none).
At this point I have no idea
how B.H. will ever recover eco-
nomically. It just scraped along
before "Hattie" and now every-
one is down. I hope this is a one-
in-a-life-time-experience for me
because I don't ever want to see
this sort of thing again. I have
seen several people who are old
DAILY OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
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sity of Michigan for which The
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who are deranged by this. I saw
the cops rope a man to prevent
him from killing himself after he
found his wife's and children's
bodies.
No one looks beyond the next
hour. How can you when you have
to go begging half the day for the
next meal? Perhaps that is why
everything is so disorganized. We
are all incapable of making plans
or seeing what we should be doing
for more than a couple hours at a
time. Until order is imposed by
forces from the outside, the dis-
organization will continue. Every-
where is a sea of thick soupy
sticky mud. You're walking along
and the suction of the mud pulls
off your shoes and then you grub
around in the mud to find it.
One thing I will never want to
go through again is the wind.
Even though I was in a rein-
forced concrete building, the walls
still shook. Many people said that
their houses were like rocking
chairs.
* * *
Saturday, 7:35 a.m.
P OOR BELIZE got punished last
night. It rained for 21/2 hours.
Thousands are living in houses
with no roofs. Just as the mud
was finally getting dried up a
little it has all souped up again.
I have now walked over the
whole town passing out news bul-
letins on feeding centers, medical
centers, etc. The only thing I'm
worried about right now is an out-
break of disease. All of my friends
are sending their babies and small
children to their relatives in Ja-
maica or the States.
* * *
Saturday, 5:00 p.m.
IAM JUST BONE TIRED. We all
wake up in the mornings tired.
No one seems to sleep very well
at night. Also the labor of climb-
ing over wreckage, through mud
and water all the time is tiring.
The whole character of the crowds
and people has changed today.
You don't see people wandering
around with the exhausted ex-
pressions on their faces. People
are now working, trying to get
things in order.
* * *
7:20 p.m., Saturday
ALL OF US when we shut our
eyes can hear the wind. That
wind went on hour after hour,
always with the horrible sound
and the sounds of things break-
ing. For all of us, those were the
longest hours of our lives.
Fragmentary figures are now
coming in. Calabash Caye - 29
dead, Turnefbe-20 (including 13
children), Caye Caulker-14, Mul-
lins River 18 and 50 missing and
the other 150 evacuated, Stann
Creek 39, Belize 69. These are
much too low because if you walk
down any street in Belize you can
ask if there are any dead around
and people will show you wrecked
houses that have one or more bod-
ies under them which no one has
had time to dig out yet. You find
children wandering about in a
daze who have lost their parents.
There is a rumor going around
that another hurricane is forming
and heading along the same path
for B.H. I hope not. I don't want
another.
I'm just wondering how far the
aid to B.H. will go. I fear people
after a while will forget about us.
We just need millions and millions
and millions of dollars.
* * *
Sunday, 8:45 a.m.
WELL, they are now picking up
these characters who have
just been loafing around and put-
ting them to work. I saw one who
resisted the soldier andnthen
jumped the soldiers. Fortunately
the soldier (who was about 2 feet
shorter and 100 pounds lighter)
was able to back off and then
the soldier marched the guy off
to work by putting the bayonet
in his back.'
Most of the looting has been
done by these characters who have
always lazed around doing noth-
ing but bearing children and
drinking what little money they
have. While I know there has al-
ways been underemployment here,
there is still a certain amount of
work that goes begging because
these people can live off others'
charity and off the women they
have children by. So frankly it
grieves me not at all that they are
and diseased and must be boiled
for at least 30 minutes..
One thing that has bothered
me is that you probably didn't
get word that I was OK until late
Thursday or Friday. I tried every
single way I could to let you
know. I'm sorry you were worried,.
but there was just nothing I could
do, because Belize was complete-
ly cut off from the outside world.
* * *
Tuesday, 4:50 p.m.
JNEVER THOUGHT it possible
but tomorrow we start 5th
Form at, St. Michael's. If you
don't mind, I'd like to teach to
the end of the term, Dec. 1. I'm
needed here for a job I know and
can do. I suppose the above re-
quest for permission to stay will
sound bad with what follows, but
I'm telling all that happens here.
Tomorrow they will start de-
stroying all dogs because they
are rabid and have been eating
the rapidly decomposing bodies of
humans; cats, dogs, and others.
The dogs are going crazy with
hunger and are starting to attacik
people.
BHBS is now back on the atr.
At noon they said there are 230
odd dead in BH and 196 of thein
in Belize. The number kee.ds
climbing as they clear away the
wreckage. It is expected to hit at
least 500 dead for the country..
Soldiers blew out the brains of
a man who tried to molest a
woman after curfew. There seems
to be hundreds of soldiers cai:ry-
ing machine guns and rifles itnd
by their looks, I don't susy;ect
they would hesitate to use theim.
Actually the situation in the
city is obviously better now than
before and it improves more with
each passing day.
If you were to see Belize 1rom
the air now, you would thii:ik it
was on fire because all over the
city there are huge fires where
they are burning lumber from
shattered homes. The prociedure
is this: a bulldozer will go to a
block and drive over and over
the wrecked homes to break them
down to manageable size and. then
the men go through stacking the
lumber and looking for (and find-
ing) bodies. Then the bodi s and
lumber are burned. It's arsaazing
what a bright and intense fire
a body makes, but maybe that is
due to the kerosene. Ugh!I
A psychologist would hale had
a wonderful time here during the
first week watching a whole town
go into shock and out agalin. You
still see some people walndering
around in a complete daze, It was
just too much for many. One old
woman had been found alive ly-
ing in the mud for 24 hoiars. We
had to restrain her to kieep her
from walking out of the 'hospital
into the sea and drowning.
Lo've,
Torre
e Fable
the ostrich, said others. Adopt the talons and
NEW RAMBLERS:
Lively 'Bluegrass':
Fun but Not Art
HE NEW LOST City Ramblers came last night to the near 50-
egree weather 'of the Ann Arbor Armory and did their best to
make things warmer.
Now and again, they got their music going really ight; and
taken all in all, it was exactly the sort of stamp-and-run .entertain-
ment that their audience had come to hear.
Mike Seege;, John Cohen, Tom Paley and their five different
instruments have all that such entertainment needs. Everything is
right: the people who come know what to expect and are entirely
sympathetic to the style. The first real flash from the banjo, the
first crazy take-out from the fiddle will trigger the evning off.
* .* * *
THE MUSIC is of course beyond reproach because t be serious
about it is to be absurd. Seriousness isn't there-or at lest it doesn't
repose in the music itself, but rather derives from the set npoods
and commitments of those who come to hear. The idea mainly is
to have fun and jump around.
But what do you say about the music? What the Ramblers
play is basically bluegrass, a Grand-Old-Opry style, a whang-bang,
four-square rhythm of immense jocosity and vigor. It is what
happened to a certain kind of singing when they got radios in Ken-
tucky, Tennessee and Cincinnati. It is melodically deserted, verbally
barren, never introspective-and not at all bothered by not being
these things.
* * * *
THE FIRST HALF of the program was given over almost wholly
to songs of this type. "Big Ball in Ashville" was probably the best of
the main-line bluegrass pieces. Seeger goes to war against his fiddle
and everybody wins. Cohen made his mark with an inipossibly facile
"talker" called "Hard Luck Blues."
Paley's best moment came in the second half: 1 andicapped all
night with a sore throat, he got out there by himself "with lis guitar,
"Stackalle," and some three-finger picking that maks a prophetess
of Elizabeth Cotton. He built it with forceful calm and everyone
listened.
I DON'T THINK it is the success of that song and that way of
singing, more than my own preferences, that raises a question about
folk music on the concert stage. Can it do without irmsic and words?
Can it do without single personality? Can it get along on the banjo's
drive, the fiddle's hurry, the funny verse? And do thes! three musicians
do themselves justice to seek for what Seeger calls "authenticity"
rather than art?
Of course, they deliver a great deal. It seems 'to me that they
might deliver substantially more.
---Carl Oglesby
PREVIEW:
'Collegium' FeaItures
Rarely Heard Works
TONIGHT THE CAMPUS will have a rare opporunity to experience
widely varied and seldom heard vocal music from the Renaissance
and Baroque periods. Prof. Maynard Klein's select Michigan Singers
will be presenting a "Collegium Musicum" at 8:30 p.m. in the
Rackham Lecture Hall.
Many of the composers represented rank among the greatest
of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
* * * *
TOMAS LUIS DE VICTORIA and Orlandus Lassus, contem-i
poraries and peers of Palestrina, helped to climax the polyphonic
style of the late sixteenth century. Giovanni Qabrieli, one of the
most influential musicians of the generation after Lassu and Victoria,
was the leading master of polychoral composition-works written
for two or more choruses. His pupil, Henrich Sc]ihuetz was unquestion-
ably Germany's greatest composer for more i;han half a century.
Hardly less illustrious were Giacomo Carissimi, 'Italy's most important
composer of sacred music in the mid-seventh century, and Dietrich
Buxtehude, the organist and composer
Unaccompanied vocal works by these composers, including poly-
choral compositions by Lassus, Gabrieli and Scluetz, will be presented
in the first half of this evening's concert.
'.f
in a remote corner of th
a species of bird known as
ture given only to peacefu
Because the island held
the dodos, the dodos conce
the most of life by eating
these rare birds found tha
broadened their fuselageN
their wing-spread and so th
fly.
Unlike some birds' in thi
had principles, and one prir
dodos were equal, each e;
as he pleased about commv
The dodos had an army'
token force because pacifist
of all weapons.
IN A MAJOR address to t
("Eggs") Benedict, a fore
a rally of troops and citizen
armed completely and that
strength lies."
Egg Beatnik, a student
soapbox and pronounced:
Our unilateral disarmamen
world what dodos can do. W
and moral birds do not figlh
victory for all that is best
with arms. Up with the wi
It was about this time tha
a short distance off the isl
sembled dodos rushed to the
the man creatures that wez
Their combined hospitali
(the dodos were not appris
of man) served the birdsi
the dodos, the man creatures
which discharged in rapid
each report a peaceful dodo
Remaining dodos werec
e world, there lived beak of the eagle, said still others.
the dodo, a crea- Eggs Benedict signaled for silence. "When
1 purposes.~ you were running from the man creatures I
d no dangers for hid in the grass and stole one of their iron
ntrated on making sticks. I suggest we test this awful new
prodigiously. Soon weapon, learn how to shoot it, and then use
t high living had massive retaliation against the invaders."
without increasing "Horrors, no," exclaimed octogenarion philos-
ey could no longer opherrOva Light. It would be immoral to test
the great iron stick."
s world the dodos Eggs Benedict nodded understandingly. "Of
nciple was that all course you are right. Our strength still lies
ntitled, to squawk in total disarmament."
unity problems. So saying, he cast the evil weapon away
but it was only a from him as though it were a viper. And a
is had stripped it great cheer went up.
BUT ONE DODO did not cheer. Tough Egg,
he nation, Arnold a dodo who had some knowledge of the
ner professor, told world's past, warned the assembly: "It is said
ns: "We have dis- that these man creatures imprison fowl be-
is where our real hind great fences and house them in coop. If
we do not fight we will lose our freedom. We
leader, climbed a will be led ..."
"Hurrah, hurrah. "Better led than dead," cried the octo-
t has shown the genarian philosopher.
Ve are moral birds "We can surely practice subversion in the
it. Our policy is a hen house," said Eggs Benedict, who never
in dodos. Down looked nor sounded more sublime.
ngs of peace." And all the dodos nodded their heads,
t a ship anchored jumped up and down, and cheered and cheered.
land, and the as- Everybody headed for the beach, hens with
beach to welcome baby buggies, youngsters with false beards
re coming ashore. drooping from their chins, and old and sick
ity and curiosity folk who wanted to be in on the peace arrange-
ed of the nature ments.
poorly. On seeing The man creatures saw the birds descend-
raised iron sticks ing and at first they were alarmed because
order and with they thought the dodos were armed. But when
fell dead. they saw no arms, the man creatures smiled
quickly convinced to each other and raised their iron sticks. They
<I