'IOWAN' REPORT-
AFFRONT TO FREEDOM
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The World is Mudluscious
and Puddle Wonderful
Seventy-One Years of Editorial Freedom
VOL. LXXII, No. 149
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, APRIL 28, 1962
SEVEN CENTS
SIX PAGES
I
-Daily Michael Myers
MARCHING BANDS: Many high school bands participated in
yesterday's parade. They Were led off by the Michigan Marching
Band the "Victors." There was even a Scotch bag-pipe and drum
corps.
U.S. Tells
Of New
'A' Blast
Commnunists Call
Series 'Criminal'
WASHINGTON MP-The second
blast in the new United States
nuclear test series was fired at
dawn yesterday, a repeat per-
formance of the initial aerial ex-
plosion of three days ago near
Christmas Island.
Indications beforehand were
that shot No. 2 would be similar
to No. 1 and today's brief an-
nouncement by the Atomic Energy
Commission confirmed this. The
wording of both test announc-
ments was identical except for the
time element. Yesterday's AEC
news release merely said:
Test Detonation
"A nuclear test detonation took
place at about 11 a.m. (EST) to-
day (6 a.m. test site time) in the
vicinity of Christmas Island. The
detonation was in the inter-
mediate yield range. The device
was dropped from an airplane.
The test was part of Operation
Dominic now underway in the
Pacific."
This description means the de-
tonation had more explosive power
than 20,000 tons of TNT but less
than 1 milion tons of TNT.
Weaker than Hiroshima
This is 5 to 25 times more
powerful than the World War II
bomb that levelled Hiroshima but
it is weak in comparison to some
of this country's hydrogen bombs,
rated at 20 million tons of TNT
power.
Dawn firings, as both tests so
far were, are favored by nuclear
scientists because the light at that
time helps them to take more ac-
curate spectograph measurements
of intensity of the explosions and
to make other scientific calcula-
tions. The first shot was fired 15
minutes earlier than yesterday's.
Equatorial Islands
It was understood that the first
two shots at equatorial Christmas
Island involved a research and
development device-essentially, a
warhead-rather than a finished
atomic weapon. Informed sources
had placed the power of the lead-
off device at between 100,000 and
500,000 tons of TNT.
Wednesday's first shot of the
current United States series trig-
gered strident protestations from
the Communist bloc that Western
warmongers were committing
crimes against the world's peoples
and starting a new arms race.
Students Riot
Against Bomb
TOKYO P) - Approximately
2,000 Japanese students tried to
force their way into the United
States embassy ysterday in pro-~
test against American nuclear
tests in the Pacific. They clashed
noisily with police, who beat them
back in kicking, shoving brawls.
But it was a relatively small
demonstration. The country ap-
peared to be taking the resump-
tion of tests calmly, despite of-
ficial protests lodged with the
United States by the Japanese
government.
Most of the demonstrating stu-
dents were from the leftist Zen-
gakuren federation, and they kept
Coalition
For
Revised
Tax
Lowers
Hatcher Speaks in Houston-
"The one institution devel- were aware of "the power of rockets to the moon. And they
oped by the western, European education to, produce citizen- are having a profound impact
civilization which all new na- ship capable of living a full upon the developing countries
tions wish to possess is the and useful life under respon- which have delayed too long
modern university," University sible freedom." the generatioLi of this powerful
President Harlan Hatcher said Not Widely f rce."
yesterday. "This cherished concept of Noting that American educa -
Speaking in Houston at the the way of life is not as widely tior is also stUil developing, ne
inauguration of Philip G. Hoff- understood and accepted in the ciaimed that 'we are rapidly
man as the new president of global association of nations as learning how impmn tant it is to
the University of Houston, we would hke or wish to see cur local and national heath
Hatcher explained that the new and the road to its achievement t1 have many centit of learn-
nations differed, sometimes vio- is long and beset with obstacles. mig, of research and pfofessi)n-
lently, over forms of political But it is not impossible, and al training, of social and politi-
government, economic growth, the power of education may be cal understanding and/or hu-
the arrangement of society and the force that will ultimately maristic and cultural influ-
religion. join our efforts to a common en' es."
Era Education end." Properly Trained
"But all are agreed that in He asserted that America had He said the the 60 milliun
this era education is the key showed the way when it took people we nave caded to our
that unlocks the door to great- a "great leap forward" about a ipcpulation sinc-, Pearl Harbor
ness, and that the university is century agc by committing it- n e to be prmperly trained and
the generative and focal cen- self more fully "to publicly sup- that for this, eduwational instI-
ter of the creative forces of a ported higher education for all tut~ons "must be created or ex-
nation." who had the ability and de- par ded."
He characterized education sire." "Our need is to be sure 've
as "the resilient and generative Our Farm Surplus do not cut them off or shut
force" which may bring stabil- The results of this can be rhein out of their chance in life.'
ity and opportunity to the un- seen in our farm surpluses. our Th sE are nr3&ous years. Once
derdeveloped nations of the crowded streets ard highways, spent they cannot be recov-
world. He said these nations our orbiting sqtellites and our ered."
'UNCONSTITUTIONAL':
Attack Bill on Literacy Tests
-Daily-Jerome Starr
MICHIGRAS-The 1962 Michigras got under way today with
the grand parade which started at the Farmer's Market and
proceeded past the reviewing stands on State Street. The parade
consisted of bands, clowns,.2 -floats and even a guided missile..
Marching Band Leads
Spectacular Parade
Fine, Funny Floats Follow; Field
House Filled with Fascinated Faces
By ANDREW ORLIN
Playing the "Victors," the Michigan Marching Band led off the
1962 Michigras parade.
Following it were multi-colored floats, bands, marchers and even
groups mounted on horseback. The floats ranged from "P-T 1775" to
"Let's Twist Again as We Did
Chance
Passage
Argue Issue
Of Industrial
WASHINGTON ()P) - SouthernV
senators said yesterday that if
literacy tests have been used to
keep qualified Negroes from vot-
ing, the Justice Department has
fallen down on the job of enforc-
ing the law.
They also ripped into an ad-
ministration bill to establish a
sixth grade education as an ade-
quate voter literacy test as a puni-
tive, unconstitutional measure
aimed at the South in an effort
to cater to minority groups.
Dixie Forces
Sens. Sam J. Ervin, Jr. (D-
NC) and J. William Fulbright (D-
Ark) spearheaded the assault of
the Dixie forces in the third day
of the Senate battle over the civil
rights measure.
Few senators were on hand to
listen, and no vote is expected un-
til Senate leaders-perhaps in a
week or so-try to cut off debate.
This will require a two-thrids ma-
jority.
Ervin, chairman of the Senate
judiciary subcommittee that con-
ducted hearings on the bill,-observ-
ed that Atty. Gen. Robert F. Ken-
nedy testified that in one southern
state several Negro college profes-
sors were denied the right to vote
on grounds of illiteracy.
Need for Legislation
Kennedy cited this as evidence
of the need for the proposed legis-
lation, but Ervin disagreed.
"It merely shows, if true," he
said, "that the Attorney General
in office at the time was derelict
in the performance of his duty in
that he did not prosecute the of-
fending election official or officials
under one of the acts of Congress
making such conduct a federal
crime punshable by both fine and
imprisonment."
Nothing Further
Fulbright said that "nothing
could be further from the truth"
than the contention that there\ are
no adequate safeguards to prevent
discrimination through use of
literacy tests.
Both senators cited criminal
statutes long on the books provid-
ing fines and jail terms for wil-
fully depriving any qualified citi-
zen of his right to vote on ac-
count of his race or color, or for
conspiring to do so. The penalties
range up to 10 years imprisonment.
Individual citizens also have the
right under these circumstances,
they said, to bring damage suits
against election officials, and the
Attorney General was empowered
by the 1957 Civil Rights Act to get
injunctions against election of-
ficials to prevent racial discrimina-
tion.
Fulbright said that even before
the passage of the 1957 act he had
no doubt that "if the laws then
in existence were vigorously en-
forced by the Attorney General
any problem 'of discrimination in
voting could has been eliminated
long ago."
GOY. JOHN B. SWAINSON
... tax package
University
Professors
Tour Russia
Three University professors are
currently in Uzbekistan province
in Russia, carrying out research
under a federal grant on "The
Teacher as an Agent of Socio-
Cultural Change in a Technically
Underdeveloped Country."
Departing last week for the first
of three trips to the Soviet Union,
Professors Finley Carpenter, Wil-
liam Cave and William Medlin of
the education school will return
to the University in June.
The project as a whole will last
for three years.
Underwritten by the Office of
Cooperative Research in the Unit-
ed States Office of Education, the
study attempts to define the role
of the Uzbek educator in trans-
mitting new values and re-inter-
preting the traditional culture.
The professors will examine
psychological variables including
attitudes of social groups toward
the teacher, the amount of com-
munity support, forms of teacher
control and patterns of student
reaction.
The findings are expected to
provide new data for the socio-
cultural aspects of the teaching
role in American social subgroups.
Request Ideas
For Courses
Anyone who has an idea for a
course he thinks the literary col-
lege should offer is urged to fill
out the details of his suggestion
on forms available in Associate
Dean James A. Robertson's office,
1220 Angell Hall, Jerry Lax, '63,
chairman of the literary college
steering committee announced at
its meeting Thursday.
The committee is reviewing the
college's curriculum with an eye
to changes, as evidenced by the re-
vamped distribution requirements
effective next fall. Most heated
debate by the committee was over
breadth versus depth in education.
Tax. Relief
Senator Sees Change
In Moderate Coalition
Ask Exemptions
By DAVID MARCUS
Chances for passage of a tax re-
vision program became cloudier
yesterday as disagreement among
members of the Democratic mod-
erate coalition grew on tax relief
to industry and local units.
One conservative Republican
Senator, Harry Litowich (R-Ben-
ton Harbor) said that at least one
of the coalition had changed sides
in yesterday's session. This would
leave the moderates one vote short
of the 18 needed to pass bills in
the Senate.
Coalition Members
Members of the coalition have
said that an income tax would not
be passed except as a part of gen-
eral tax reform. If the 13 Lax re-
vision bills now before the Senate
are not passed, the income tax
will be defeated in reconsideration,
The major problems are de-
rnands among coalition members
for business tax relief in the form
of exemptions on tools, dies.. jigs
and fixtures trom personal prop-
erty taxes and a request for a $2,-
000 homestead exemption for re-
tired persons.
Firmly Behind
Coalition member Sen. John H.
Stahlin (R-Belding) noted that
while he was firmly behind the tax
revision plans, they "will not pass
unless they contain these provi-
sions."
Sen. Haskell L. Nichols (R-
Jackson), a backer of the income
tax and one of the prime pro-
ponents of industrial tax relief,
has already introduced into the
Senate a bill calling for hiking the
sales tax to five cents.
Within the Coalition
Anothei problem wijl! In the co-
alition was reduction of the cor-
poration income tax rate, con-
tained in the bill passed last
Wednesday, from five to trree per
cent.
Even if me income tax ,s not
voted down by the Senate in re-
consideration, due sometime next
week, Governor John B. Swainson
has promised to veto it if it is the
only revenue producing measure
passed by the legislature this ses-
sion.
The tax package, connected to
the income levy, includes diver-
sion of one cent of the sales tax
to local units and repeal of the
Business Activities Tax.
:ill Is Lost
Sen. Raymond D. Dzendxel (D-
Detroit) said that an exemption on
personal property taxes for indus-
try would mean a loss of revenue
of more than $65 million to local
units. Indicating that he felt the
situation in doubt, he said he
would try to bring the situation to
a climax when the Senate recon-
venes Monday night in a vote de-
signed to test whether the coali-
tion still has 18 votes.
1
Central
Mich gan
University
(EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the first
in a series of nine articles tracing
the history of Michigan's state-
supported coleges.)
By PATRICIA O'CONNOR
Central Michigan University at
Mt. Pleasant is proud of its title-
the title asserts it no longer exists
just as a normal school or a
"teachers' college" but takes its
place as a university with 5,3001
students.
Judson W. Foust, president of
the university, cites flexibility as
one of the school's greatest assets.
The campus scene includes young-
sters making paper cutouts in a
teachers' laboratory school, a sci-
entist studying the amount of ra-
diation being absorbed by larvae
in Michigan's streams, and cancer
research and dietary studies for
a baker's institute.
The move from college to uni-
versity, the near tripling of cam-
pus acreage, and the erection of
53 major structures surrounding
the original buildings are attribut-
able largely to planning and rec-
ognition of the problems facing
the school.
The program of seeking students-
has 'put CMU at an academic ad-
vantage. Increasing selectivity can
now be employed in accepting ap-
plicants.since many students await
admission. Sixty-two per cent of
those accepted last year came from
the upper third of their high
school classes, with 86 per cent
coming from the upper half.
Last Summit."
Lined the Route
Many of the residence halls,
sororities and fraternities have
been working for weeks on their
respective floats. The success of
their efforts was plainly seen on
the faces of the crowd who lined
the parade route.
As soon as the parade was over
the crowd dispersed. However, this
was only for a short time. Later
in the evening, they were again
assembled but this time in the
Yost Field House. Inside the build-
ing were all sorts of different
booths, while outside was a bright-
ly lit midway of rides and booths
of cotton candy.
The people milled around eating
cotton candy and waited on long
lines to get 'a chance to ride on
the rides such as the "Roundup,"
the "Tilt-a-Whirl," the "Scram-
Inside the Field House barkers
in vests and sleeve garters tried
bler," and the Ferris Wheels.
to attract customers to their
booths. High school students in
their blue, white and red band
uniforms watched as She-Devils
tried to call attention to their
booth, "Go to Hell." Nearby in a
simulated saw-mill, a "villain"
tied to a log, was being saved at
the last moment from being cut
in half.
Rocket Booth
In the middle of Yost. Field
House stood the prize booth.
Stemming up from the center
of this booth was a large colored
rocket. People were standing
around looking at the prizes that
they could buy with their Michi-
bucks. The usual teddy-bears
were one of the main staples.
For seven tickets a student could
get a picture of nimself and his
INDIAN SECULAR STATE:
Monks Abjure cCert
ATTACK NEAR PARIS:
Terrorist Commandos
Damage French Paper
PARIS (4) - Terrorist commandos yesterday attacked a police
station and a newspaper office in a town near Paris. Both buildings
were severely damaged.
There were no casualties reported.
Authorities said the attackers were apparently members of the
right wing secret army organization waging an underground cam-
paign to keep Algeria French.
It was the first such attack in the Paris area in several weeks.
There was speculation it may mark the beginning of a new ter-
ror offensive by right wing activ-
ists.
The raid on the police station
at Etampes came as the guard was
being changed.,
un ieat' Machine gunners in a car
sprayed the second-floor windows
and front of the building Glass
skrit," Prof. Bharati said. He pre- and chunks of building stone
dicted that orthodox monasticism hailed down on the sidewalk. A
will die out within the next three few seconds later, a grenade shat-
generations. tered a window.
Traditional Dress When police dashed to the win-
Discussing the. traditional mon- dows another burst of machine
astic dress, Prof. Bharati said gun fire hammered across the
many forms exist, but all include building front.
the saffron color of the robew. The terrorists' car - its lights
This bright yellow color symbolizes extinguished -- roared away to-
"earth, fire, and the burning up ward Paris, about 25 miles distant.
of passion." The beads of the A lm o s t simultaneously, the
monks, always numbering 108, heavy explosio nof a plastic bomb
were originally intended for medi- -- favorite weapon of the secret
tation, but are now a part of the army -- wrecked the butilding of
monks' costume, Prof. Bharati the newspaper "Marseillaise de
added. Seine Et Ooise" in the town.
The rank; of a monk is not de- Windows in several other build-
pendent on his high degree of ings were shattered and a woman
learning, but on his birth place, passerby was slightly cut by fly-
parentage and mode of life, Prof. ing glass.
Bharati enntinued. Monks with the
ELIZABETH ROEDIGER
If Hindu monasticism has a
future it is with the secular mon-
astics, not the orthodox monastics
who has not accepted the certain
death of their order, Prof. Agehan-
anda Bharati said last night.
Speaking on the conflict between
monasticism and the Indian secu-
lar state today, Prof. Bharati of
Syracuse University and a former
mendicant monk, explained - the
difference between the secular and
orthodox monastics. "One believes
in service to mankind, while the
other does not," he said.
Non-Interference
But the "non-interference" at-
titude of the Indian government
cmontiat antagonism. since the
monastic orders "to be holy is a
profession," asked for their pro-
fession they answer, "I am a
saint." The orthodox monks feel
their lives should be spent in con-
templation alone, Prof. Bharati
said.
The secular monastics alone are
willing to compromise their Hindu
tradition with the government
"until the shoe pinches," Prof.
Bharati added.
The orthodox monastics want a
pure secular state which would
allow all their practices, including
such things as throwing five hun-
dred of ghee into a fire. In their
critism of the state the orthodox
monks call it "Marxist, anti-
religious and against Hinduism."
Many preferred the British rule to
+"oc.Af1 a m mm
MISCONCEPTIONS:
Merriam Cites Diversity
OfEarly African Music
By JANE REINSBERG
Most Americans think that African music today represents what
American music sounded like 50,000 years ago, Prof. Alan P. Merriam
of the anthropology department at Northwestern University said
last night.
However this is a popular misconception, as are the beliefs
that African music is haphazard and concerned only with drums and
drumming, Merriam continued.
African music is characterized by the wide diversity of' music
and musical instruments used by the 200 to 300 tribes there, he
explained.
Merriam concentrated on five underlying principles of organiza-
tion in African music. These proposals were made by Richard A.
Waterman of Wayne State University.
Using recordings of a variety of tribal music, Merriam illustrated
the Drinciple of overlapping call and response pattern which is the