QT4, A101-gn m
Seventy-Second Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
.. UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
There Opinions AreFree STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLD. 9ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241
Truth Will Prevail"
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in atl reprints.
ESDAY, MARCH 21, 1962
NIGHT EDITOR: CAROLINE DOW
Official Peace in Algeria
But Fighting' Goes, On
T NOON on Monday, the French Army
stopped shooting members of the Algerian
rational Liberation Front, and the Algerians
topped shooting the soldiers of France. A
ease-fire agreement, negotiated in mistrust,
ostility and fear on the shore of Lake Geneva
as brought this costly and terrible war 'to
n unsteady end.
Under the terms of the agreement the people
f Algeria will indicate, in a referendum held
'ithin six 'months, whether they wish to re-
rain 'an integral part of France or, if they
hoose independence, whether to continue close
ooperation with their ex-masters.
Until the referendum is held, Algeria will be
overned by a French high commissioner and
12-man provisional executive. A general
mnesty is to be proclaimed, and the right
f .anyone to emigrate from the North African
ation is guaranteed. France will continue to
njoy an advantageous position regarding the
aluable Algerian oil.
Pretty UGLI
U HE UNDERGRADUATE library, built as a,
functional study center, has become a play
en.
From noon until midnite the din never
eases. "What are you doing Saturday night,"
Eow have you been," "What, studying?-Let's
o have coffee," "And then I said to him "
hapter meetings, coffee clatches and an oc-
asional seminar, prowlings, expeditions and
chibitions . . . you can see them all-plus
reryone who's anyone-at the UGLI.
The poor engineer attempting toresearch
mid informal rush, the student, doing-, a paper,
ho cannot find a seat after 7 p.m., or the
udent who seeks peace and quiet after an
fternoon of attempted study in the dorms is
uck with nowhere to go.
No one denies that thee has to be some
ntral gathering place for the undergraduates.
ow is one to get a date or discuss the social
tuation with one's friends?
UT WHY THE UGLI?-Why not the Union,
League or coffee shops, or even men's
partments? Admittedly, the UGLI is pretty.
has all those blocks of colors and even has
>oks, which makes one feel like one is getting
Zings done. ,
I make a suggestion-divide the library into
vo sections-the basement and first floor for
cializing and the second and third floors
r the long-suffering engineers and serious
udents.
Second, all "social studiers" go out for coffee
ten p.m. and then go home so that those
io couldn't fit on the second and third
yors can come back from the General Li-
ary when it closes at ten. Then those refugees
n study until midnight.
Please?.
-CAROLINE DOW
THE WAR in Algeria began with a series of
isolated attacks on French installations in
October, 1954-7 years and 5 months ago. It
has cost over $20 billion, and resulted in the
loss of a quarter of a million lives. It has been
a brutal and bloody struggle involving cruel
murders and inhuman torture, almost daily. Its
end is welcomed on both sides of the Iron
Curtain.
But no mere agreement, however carefully,
and intelligently written, can solve all the
problems of two nations so long at war. The
scars and hatreds engendered, the economic
problems and the rubble of war still remain
and will remain.
Most vocal in their hatred and most dan-
gerousto the new peace so painstakingly gained
will be the Secret Army Organization-the
armed and often uniformed terrorist group
known as the OAS-from its name in French.
The OAS is set up along military lines and
led by former officers of the French army
itself. Its goal is French Algeria-"Algerie
Francaise"-and .it has pledged .itself to an
unending war of extermination against its
irreconcilable foes, the Algerian nationalists.
PROF. INIS CLAUDE has rightly called the
OAS a "lunatic fringe." In the guise of
patriotism and anti-communism the clande-
stine group uses and encourages the weapons
of fascism. Its armbands are seen in the
bloodlusting mobs that sweep the streets of
Algiers and Oran. Its agents machine-gun
political opponents with little fear of punish-
ment. Its propaganda defies President de Gaulle
and urges French soldiers to desert and sabo-
tage. The success of the joint French-Moslem
police force set up to maintain order in deal-
ing with the OAS will determine more than
anything else the future of Algeria.
THE MOSLEM communities in Algeria have
not been memerly the innocent victims of
terrorism. Many of the mutilated bodies-so
common in the cities that they no longer
attract attention-have been Europeans. With
the cease-fire signed, many Moslems are urging
a massive bloodbath of revenge. Responsible
Moslem leaders see the danger of such a move,
but whether they can control the revenge-
hungry masses is .another question for the
future.
Despite the truce and the eventual with-
drawal of the hated French, the nationalist
leaders of Algeria will face an almost over-
whelming mountain of problems in governing
,,the nine million Moslems and one million
Europeans in the nation.
So far these leaders seem to have kept the
Algerian Communists under control and out of
top positions. The future national policy of
Algeria will depend on the extent to which
it has to call on the Soviet-bloc nations for aid
and support. It would be to the advantage
of the West to try to make this unnecessary.
-JAMES NICHOLS
.
r;
- i
& S
y. -
' ~
NEW EDUCATIONAL TECHNIQUE:
Teaching Machine Revolution
MINOW AND CO.:
TV's 'Untouchables'
Attack Local Programs
By RICHARD OSTLING
Associate Editorial Director
A NEW GROUP of "Untouch-
ables" moved into Chicago
this week. Their purpose was not
to clean up the Capone crime
ring, but to scrutinize the world
of television programming.
This latter-day group of "feds"
is the Federal Communications
Commission. Since Newton Minow
assumed an Eliot Ness-like leader-
ship over the body they have be-
come noticeably pretty fed up with
TV.
** *
THE FCC came to Chicago this
week to see Just how much public
service is being provided by the
five local TV channels. The hear-
ings are being run by Robert E.
Lee, one of the Commissioners,
who comes from Chicago.
This is an unprecedented move.
Instead of repeating the time-
worn adage that stations should
meet the "public interest, con-'
venience and necessity," and au-
DAILY OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The 'Daily Official Bulletin Is an
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Mibian for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no editorial
responsibility. Notices should be
sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3564 Administration Building
before 2 p.m., two days preceding
publication.
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 21
General Notices
Regents' Meeting: Fri., April 20. Com-
munications for consideration at this
meeting must be in the President's
hands not later than April 10. Please
submit TWENTY copies of each com-
munication.
Preliminary PhD Examinations in
Economics: Theory examinations willbe
given on Thurs. and Fri., April 26 and
27, 1962. The examinations in other
subjects will be given beginning on
Mon April 30. Each student planning
to take these examinations should leave
with the secretary of the department
of economics not later than April 9,
1962, his name and the three fields
in which he desires to be examined.
Preliminary Examination in English:
Applicants for the PhD in English who
expect to take the preliminary exami-
nations this summer are 'requested to
leave their names with Dr. Ogden, 109
Haven Hal. The examinations will be
given as follows: English iterature,
1550-1660, Tues., April 17, 1:30 to 4:30
p.m.; English and American Literature,
1660-1790, Sat., April 21, 9 a.m. to 12
m.: 1790-1870, Tues., April 24, 1:30 to
4:30 p.m.; and 1870-1950, Sat., April 28,
9 a.m. to 12 m. The Tuesday examina-
tions will be given in Room 165, Busi-
ness Administration Bldg.; the Satur-
day examinations will be given in
Room 1408, Mason Hall.
'The List of persons who passed the
language exam for the MA in history
is posted in the office of the Depart-
ment of History, 3601 Haven Hall.
Events Wednesday
opening tonight - The University
Players, Dept. of Speech, present Gra-
ham Greene's "The Living Room," wed.
through Sat.. March 21-24, 8:00 p.m.
Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre, Wed. and
Thurs. performances $1.50, 1.00; Fri. and
Sat. performances $1.75, 1.25. Box office
open 10-5 Mon. & Tue&, Mar. 19 & 20;
10-8 Mar. 21-24.
Events Thursd'vy
Applied Mathematics Seminar: Prof.
Robert K. Ritt will speak on "Eolution
of an lahomogeneous Plasma and As-
(Continued from Page 4)
tomatically renewing station h-
censes, the FCC is investigating
the actual situation in broad-
casting on the local level, where
it counts most.
Not only is "public interest"
sadly lacking on the local level-
compare network public affairs
shows to what the Detroit chan-
nels offer-but this is the only
control the FCC has over the in-
dustry.
* * *
THE FCC can refuse to renew a
local station license. But it can't
do anything to the network under
present legislation.
Just by coincidence, the three
network stations in Chicago have
not had their licenses renewed
yet, although they expired last
Dec. 1. They are WBBM-TV
(CBS), WNBQ (NBC) and WBKB
(ABC). Two independent stations
-WGN and WTTM-have already
been licensed for another three
years. WTTM is an educational TV
station, and WGN is highly re-
spected for its handling of local
news and documentaries.
Lee stressed to the Associated
Press this week that -this inquiry
will have nothing to do with the
license renewal for the three net-
work chanels, but the coincidence
is interesting.
What the FCC wants to find out
is:
s How much Chicago TV star
tions are trying to determine. the
needs of Chicago's citizens in their
local programming.
* How effectively the stations
have met these needs.
* How much public demand
exists for additional or different
types of local TV productions.
If the hearings establish any-
thing in favor of souped-up local
programming, it will be a boon
for TV. If a station has any re-
sponsibility to the local area, it
should present something more
than old movies and programs
spoon-fed from the network in
New York.
* * *
THE NETWORK QUESTION is
of particular interest. It has been
buzzed around the industry for
some time that network stations,
with their time tied up on nation-
ally-oriented fare, have been es-
pecially lax in local programming.
And lurking in 'the background
of the Chicago story is a long-term
fight between the TV performers'
union and WNBQ. The union
claims NBC cut back on local
productions in Chicago in 'viola-
tion of the public interest (also
' losing jobs for many union em-
ployees, which is what the union
is really upset about.)
The FCC is also considering the
NBC-union feud at present.
* * *
THIS WEEK about 100 wit-
nesses from all sides will be heard.
Then, following the National As-
sociation of Broadcasters eonven-
tion which is in Chicago from
April 1 to 4, the FCC will listen
to what the stations have to say.
The result of these events could
be far-reaching changes in local
TV programming on hundreds of
channels across the nation, if the
FCC decides on a "get tough"'
policy. The answer to this should
become clear when the findings of
the FCC's recent study of network
influence are released.
By ELLEN SILVERMAN
Daily Staff Writer
PROGRESSIVE educators who
appeal for development of crea-
tive thinking in the schools may
find and answer to their problem
in the teaching machine.
School boards often turn down
these innovations with the com-
ment, "We just don't have enough
time for individual study." But
with the teaching machine, teach-
ers will have time to spend with
students for encouraging indivi-
dual study and stimulating crea-
tive thought.
** *
THE PROCESS of creative
thinking, as defined by psychol-
ogists, takes time.
According to Morgan, the stu-
dent formulates a problem and
collects the facts necessary for
solution. In the incubation period
he analyzes the material. He then
settles upon a method of solution.
He re-evaluates the material, re-
vises it and accounts for the minor
problems.
The time necessary for even the
formulation of an individual prob-'
lem is rarely given to students in
American schools. There are too
many students in each class, too
few teachers. Local administrators
dislike any new "frills" added to
the curriculum.
But this is a vital stage in a
student's development. A whole
new world is opened to a student
through exploration. But in order
to explore, the student must know
facts upon which to build, not
facts to be repeated verbatim on
an exam.
And the teaching machine is the
instrument which can teach these
facts, quickly. And with fact-
learning time shortened, there is
more time for creative study. And
the student and the teacher will
now have the opportunity to work
on separate projects and experi-
ments which will better challenge.
* * *
THE teaching machine uses a
series of questions presented to
a student in a specific order.
Learning is "reinforced" by the
satisfaction of getting the right
answer and being able to progress.
In some machines, if the stu-
FEPC Stirs Racial Consciousness
APPARENTLY the Kennedy administration It would be nice to think that this was
is not content that racial discrimination has simply a well-intentioned but quite misguided
een eradicated in some institutions in this action one the part of the Fair Employment
untry. Rather it is intent upon stirring up Practices Commission. Hopefully they only
teial consciousness where it has long been "nt to determine whether the proportion of
?ad. Negroes employed by universities has increased
Evidence for this comes from the request lately (though what they will do with this in-
cently received by the Regents from a Presi- formation is open to question).
'ntial commission for the breakdown of Uni- However it seems troubling that any com-
rsity employees by race. The University does mission of the federal government would take
ot keep such records, and it could only gather the trouble to stir up any racial consciousness
Lch information at great expense both political at the University where it does not exist. The
id financial. issue of racial discrimination should not be
Happily, the color of one's skin is not a allowed to embroil an institution of learning,
ctor in being employed by the University. for its effects are obviously emotional.
herefore, it would be useless to keep such a
cord on University employees. Such a policy THE UNIVERSITY has never given the
quite in keeping with President Kennedy's slightest reason for anyone to believe that
air Employment Practices Commission, which it discriminates in its hiring practices. Why
!vocates a policy of no racial discrimination should the FEPC suddenly request information
hiring. which the University does not have?
And so it is somewhat difficult to under- HoeulthFECmaswl.Tyar
and just why this same administration would hying to eradicate discrimination. But from
seeking anything so meticulous as a break- here on in it would be better if the Com-
i)n of employees by race. If this is for the mission stopped to consider the effects of their
irpose of checking on the University, it is investigations. Even if their intended victim is
sulting. If this is simply a matter of record, entirely innocent, an association with an FEPC
is in violation of President Kennedy's own inquiry is damning enough to stir up specula-
ilicles. tion and suspicion."
But the University has problems enough
Wshington. Other fsedl inuirens ofr t without becoming an intocent and unwarrant-
Washington. Other federal inquires of the e itmi arca otoes.
ed victim in a racial controversy.
me nature crop up now and then.s
-MICHAEL HARRAH
I 1midoiatz &y Honesty
Editorial Staff "I COULD only feel it my moral responsibility
JOHN RUOBE=RS, Editorl
PHILIP S JHERMAN FAITH WENSTENto notify the 'Committee on Credentials of
City Editor Editorial Director my possible ineligibility for election." Thus was
ISAN FARRELL.............i'ersonnel Director Katy Ford eliminated from the balloting for
TER S'i'ART ........ .....Magazine Editor Student Government Council.
'HAEL BURNS.. ............sSports Editor Perhaps much needs to be said about various
T TLDEN..... ...Associate city Editor
CHARM) USTILING .... Associate Editorial Director individuals and practices which led to this
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
SGC Election Rulings
Amount to Suicide
To the Editor:
AS A VOTER and an ex-officio
member of Student Govern-
ment Council I am deeply dis-
turbed at S.G.C.'s year-long sui-
cidal tendencies which have cul-
minated in the elimination of
Stanley Lubin from the Student
Government Council ballot. In or-
der to facilitate and insure a fair
election, each semester S.G.C. es-
tablishes a body of campaign rules
which candidates are expected to
.observe and the S.G.C. Rules and
Credentials Committee must en-
force. Mr. Lubin clearly violated
the rule requiring candidates to
circulate their petitions themselves
and was therefore disqualified as
a candidate by the committee. This
may seem Just, but it is also
insane.5
Mr. Lubin had more than the
required 250 signatures on his pe-
tition to provide for such occur-
ences as this. In addition there is
no assurance (in this or any
election) that other candidates did
not violate the same rule but were
were not apprehended as was Mr.
Lubin. And more importantly one
might question the necessity of
so stringently adhering to such
rules as those which apply to the
petitioning process inasmuch as
most students sign petitions of
people they don't know and/or
don't know well enough to deter-
mine what such person's stands
on issues are.
Rules which were intended to
facilitate the functioning of this,
campaign have seriously hindered
it. With but nine original candi-
dates, our student body was forced
to choose from and S.G.C. forced
Write In.. .
To the Editor:
STAN LUBIN should not have
been disqualified from today's
SGC "race." It was petty rule-
riddenness that did it-the kind of
thing that now keeps SGC meet-
ing until 1:00 or 2:00 a.m. every
Wednesday.
Stan Lubin should be supported.
By the only way he can be now: a
Write-In Vote.
As a former member of SGC, I
urge that Mr. Lubin be backed
with such a Write-In. Such sup-
port is one of the few constructive
alternatives presented to us in to-
day's election.
Write-ins have been successful:
one candidate polled 1,600 votes
this way (perhaps more than the
total vote in this election).
A write-in for Lubin must work;
just look at the field of candidates
running against him.
-Roger Seasonwein,
SGC Member 1958-1961
Blind Voters .
To the Editor:
FOR THE PAST WEEK, the din-
ner hour on the Hill has been
enhanced by the entertaining and
not too informative speeches of the
SGC candidates. Several of these
candidates believe that SGC
should express opinions on off-
campus issues. Instead, women's
rules, co-ed housing and non-
academic evaluations have been'
discussed, and these are the issues
upon which the candidates will be
elected.
However, next month these can-
didates will claim to represent stu-
dent oninion on off-an is..
dent answers incorrectly he is
given another set of questions to
supplement the first. These ques-
tions emphasize the particular
phase with which the student is
having trouble. This technique is
called branching.
With branching, students are
often sent on one, two or even
three tracks while doing one les-
son. But if a student grasps the
material quickly he is able to go
through the one main track easily
and will be finished faster than his
classmates. In Skinner's version
of the machine, students are re-
quired to repeat the lesson if a
certain amount of errors are
shown.
'' * *
THE teaching machine method
means that the teacher doesn't
have to teach factual data; this is
done by the machine. Instead, he
can center his attention upon the
students and lead them into new
fields based on their ability. A
fast learner may be presented with
the problems of genetical inherit-
ance and in the time he saves
by learning the essentials of ge-
netics at the machine, he can
breed rats. .
This also applies to the younger
students who can study natural
life with projects of growing gar-
dens and caring for pets in the
classroom. The teacher, too, is able
to expand his knowledge in his
field with some classroom time
he gains by use of the machine.
He will be able to present new
and intriguing ideas to students
working individually or will be
able to set up class projects such
as trips to museums or art gal-
leries.
Both fast and slow learners
grasp the essentials on the ma-
chine. The faster learners are
geared to their own mental capa-
city and can expand their exper-
ience. The teacher has time to
give individual attention to slow
learners.
THE teaching machine is a new
product, soon to be a multi-million
dollar business. Schools should
look into the possibility of utilizing
such a machine. Test cases,. such
as in the University psychology
department, show that students
learn factual data better through
the use of machines, but grasp
theory better through lectures.
With the combination, the student
will get the benefits of both.
Schools cannot afford to miss
this opportunity. The teaching
machine can be utilized in almost
every subject, every grade. Teach-
ers shouldn't be afraid that the
inachine will soon replace them.
The teaching machine is only
another teaching aid for them,
but one that is vitally needed.
Teaching machines may be ex-
pensive but their cost as an over-
all investment is not overwhelm-
ing. Textbooks may even be rble
to be eliminated, schools will just
replace programs periodically. in
any event, once a machine is
bought by a school it can be used
for a multitude of courses and can
be moved to accommodate more
than one classroom at different
times. -
DISARM! DISARM!:
Anddorras Arms Race
Threatens World peace
By ROBERT SELWA
Daily Staff Writer
A NEW THREAT to world peace
and the hope of achieving dis-
armament is fast becoming evi-
dent. Andorra has raised her de-
fense budget more than 200 pqr
cent.
In fact, she has raised it an in-
finite percentage-.from nothing to
$4.90.
This has dangerous portents for
the world East-West conflict.
When a developing neutralist sud-
denly adopts a defense budget, the
trend towards armaments is fed
even more.
* * *
THIS OMINOUS situation may
pose a threat. to the stability and
security of the Western alliance.
Andorra, a land of 175 square
miles and 600 peasants lies be-
tween France and Spain, our be-
loved friends in the struggle to
insure freedom in the world. If
Andorra should happen to go East,
or even Communist, we would have
another Cuban-type cancer in the
Free World.
The Andorrans give as the rea-
son for their sudden defense bud-
get the need of blank cartridges
for ceremonies. But this appears
to be only a facade. They may be
preparing for a secret test-,-of a
50 millimeter bullet.
** *
ONE MUST ALSO read into
Andorra's threatening "defense"
TO MEET the challenge, we
must include Andorra in all our
disarmament talks (since she now
seens to be like the rest of us,
armed for peace). We must send
a representative of our government
to talk with the Andorrans (with
the common farmers as well as the
leaders, so we won't be "Ugly
American").
We must try to persuade them
to join with us in a great turn
towards peace, a reversing ofthe
tide toward a new birth .of free-
dom in the world.
* * *
IF THIS does not work, we may
have to resort to' the Little Blast
Now theory-it is better to have
a war now than later, because,
with the advancement of military
science, it will be more devestating
later. (It is forseeable that the
Andorrans may soon double their
new arms budget-this time to
$9.80.)
A last resort along these lines
would be massive military invasion
- to safeguard our interests in
freedom and peace.
* * *
BUT BEFORE we act, let us
appeal to the good judgement of
Andorra (while keeping our de-
fenses and military progress in-
tact), hoping that she will not
use the results of her defense bud-
get in an aggressive way.