'8, 1964
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
8, 1964 THE MICHIGAN DAILY
l)l
7INESS ON BUSINESS:
Ahidjo Welds Cameroun
National Consciousness
Predict Steady, Slow Growth
4+
HOT SPRINGS 05) - Industry
" economists look for steady busi-
ness expansion through 1964 but
at a somewhat slower rate of rise'
than the government's experts
confidently foresee.
This appraisal of the business
outlook-along with a prediction
that inflation will be held in
check-will be delivered to the
spring meeting of the Business
Council, opening here today.
The heads of nearly 100 of the
country's biggest corporations and
several government officials-in-
cluding Atty. Gen. Robert F. Ken-
World News
P. 'Roundup
PITTSBURGH - The General
Conference of the Methodist
Church, which earlier toned down
a resolution condoning civil dis-
obedience, yesterday set up a fund
to help any Methodist who suffers
hardship by joining in a racial
demonstration.
* * *
LONDON-The United States
was described by British Foreign
Secretary Richard A. Butler yes-
terday as completely in sympathy
with Britain's determination to
defend the Federation of South
Arabia and its key military base,
Aden.
British troops are defending
them now against hundreds of
well-armed desert tribesmen who
are encouraged in their attacks by
President Gamal Abdel Nasser of
the United Arab Republic.
Returning from talks with gov-
ernment leaders - in Washington.
Tokyo and Manila, Butler told
newsmen he reached absolute
agreement with Secretary of State
Dean Rusk on British policy in the
Middle 'East.
LANSING-Michigan's reappor-
tionment problems will stay up in
the air until at least Tuesday
while Democratic lawmakers
grumble and the Republicans hold
their state convention.
Despite p r o d d i n g by Gov.
George W. Romney in a special
message Wednesday, the legisla-
ture called it quits temporarily
and left the tangle of election is-
sues hanging on the hook.
NEW ORLEANS-A Cuban rev-
olutionary said yesterday anti-
communist refugees are planning
a Cuban invasion within three
months.
"Within 60 to 90 days we will
be in Cuba fighting," Lourdes
Bretos said.
Miss Bretos is an organizer and
secretary of the New Orleans
chapter' of Alpha 66, one of the
anti-Castro Cuban groups. There
are 4000 Cuban refugees in New
Orleans.
NEW YORK-A rally by steels
rescued a faltering New York
Stock Exchange yesterday and
gave the market its fifth straight
advance. Dow - Jones averages
showed 30 industrials up 2.99, 20
railroads up .82, 15 utilities down
.08 and 65 stocks up .66.
nedy and Chairman Walter W.
Heller of the President's Council
of Economic Advisers-are expect-
ed to attend the closed council
sessions.
C30 Billion
In preparation for the meeting,
the Business Council's standing
panel of consulting economists met
in Washington to canvass eco-
nomic prospects. Informed sources
said the industry experts agreed
informally to stand by their fore-
cast of six months ago. This call-
ed for a climb in national output
to an annual rate of about $630
billion in the final quarter of this!
year.
This is substantially below thel
Economic Council. Heller has
expectation of the President's
never made public a specific
fourth-quarter forecast, but a rate
o faround $638 billion is implied in
his forecast made for President
Lyndon B. Johnson in January.
That projection called for a
$623 billion gross national product
for the entire year, give or take
$5 billion. The first quarter rate,
$608.5 billion, was described by
Heller as being right on the course
of this projection.
Underestimate
The industry ecoonmists regu-
larly have been more conservative
than the presidential council, and
in the past two years they have
underestimated the growth rate
of what has become the longest
peace-time expansion in history.
However, their current appraisal
reinforces the view-shared by the
President's advisers-that the $11-
billion tax cut will not heat up the
economy to a business boom, with
resulting strong inflationary pres-
sures.
The industry group, it was re-
ported, saw little prospect of any
substantial price bulge or any
strain on manufacturing capacity.
It agreed that some consumer
price adjustments are probable,
that the wholesale price index
might edge up by one per cent or
so after a prolonged period of
stability.
The findings of the industry
panel will be included in a report
drafted by the Business Council's
Committee on the Domestic Econ-
omy headed by W. B. Murphy.
Rights Bill
Kennedy and several of his top
aides at the Justice Department
will also discus's with the council
the implications to businesmen
of the pending civil rights bill.
Kennedy is expected to appeal for
the cooperation of council mem-
bers in supporting and imple-
menting the proposed provisions
for equal job opportunities.
Railmen Strike
Against Firing
CHICAGO ,)- Firemen en-
gaged in brief strikes against
three railroads yesterday, the day
the rail lines began to eliminate
hundreds of firemen's jobs under
the ruling of an arbitration board.
The arbitration board set up by
Congress last year ruled that the
railroads could eliminate unneed-
ed firemen on diesel locomotives
in yard and freight service.
Under the arbitration blueprint,
the immediate reductions plis
death, resignation and retirement
are expected eventually to wipe
out the jobs of 30,000 firemen.
By ANDREW BOROWIEC '
Associated Press Staff Writer
YAOUNDE, Cameroun - The
son of a tribal chief is trying to
forge Cameroun's 90-odd tribes in-
to one nation.
Ahmadou Ahidjo, now president
of the Federal Republic of Cam-
eroun, has been struggling to give
national consciousness to four
m i11i o n tribesmen dispersed
through the humid tropical forest
of the south and the dry bush-
land of the north.
His task to create a modern
nation is further complicated by
the existence of two official lan-
guages-French and English-in
the West African country once
known as the German colony of
Kamerun.
Cameroun Divided
Taken from Germany after
World War I, Cameroun was di-
vided into two parts and their ad-
ministration given to France and
England. The two parts were
merged in 1961.
So far Ahidjo has succeeded in
steering Cameroun out of the tur-
moil of a Communist-inspired
guerrilla war into a period of
reasonable calm and promise.
The West is behind Ahidjo.
France, the United States and
West Germany have given funds
and assistance. The Communists
and so-called revolutionary Afri-
can countries stigmatize Ahidjo as
a "lackey of Western imperialism"
and describe his country as a
colony of France.
Maps Program
Ahidjo ignores the accusations.
He has mapped a moderate pro-
gram for the country, encourag-
ing private investments and enter-
prise. Camerounian socialism, he
says, is "to give every man the
opportunity to use his God-given
talents."
AHMADOU AHIDJO
NEGRO METROPOLIS:
Study Finds Harlem IHelpless'
NEW YORK ()-A government-.
financed study of youth problems
of Harlem, the nation's largest
Negro metropolis, found a depriv-
ed, seething city helpless and po-
tentially explosive with frustra-
tion.
"In short," said the report yes-'
terday of Harlem Youth Oppor-
tunities Unlimited (HARYOU),
"the Harlem ghetto is the institu-
tionalization of powerlessness."
The 18-month research, con-
ducted at a cost of $330,000 shared
by the federal and city govern-
ments, was conducted in central
Harlem, - three-and-a-half square
miles of New York's 319 square
miles. It is a section of 232,792
persons, predominantly Negroes.
Powerlessness
Here Haryou found "socially
engendered ferment, resentment,
stagnation and potentially explo-
sive reactions to powerlessness
and continued abuse."
The agency's report, "Youth in
the Ghetto," was distributed yes-
terday, by Dr. Kenneth B. Clark,
professor of psychology at City
College of New York and director
France, with 11,000 residents
established in Cameroun, contin-
ues to dominate the country's
economy. In western eyes, this has
assured Cameroun of continuing
development without the difficul-
ties of those African nations that
cut their ties with the former col-
onizers. Cameroun's 3500-man ar-
my is commanded by a French
colonel and led by French offi-
cers.
Ahidjo is an admirer of French
President Charles de Gaulle but
did not follow France in recog-
nizing Communist China. Like 16
other nations in Africa, Cameroun
maintains relations with the Na-
tionalist Formosa government.
There is not a Communist embas-
sy in the capital of Yaounde.
Main Products
Cocoa and coffee are the main
products, with timber and alum-
inum rapidly taking an important
place in Cameroun's exports. It
is one of the few countries in West
Africa whose exports exceeded im-
ports last year.
But French subsidies are still
needed and a million Bamileke
tribesmen are growing restless in
their area northeast of Yaounde,
crowded in villages of large mud
shacks with thatched roofs.
Critics reproach Ahidjo for the
stifling of opposition in favor of
his union Camerounaise party -
the usual tactic in most new Afri-
can nations. They accuse him of
favoring French business enter-
prises and of too much reliance on
France.
Headed Government
Son of a Fulani chief of the
northern region of Garua, Ahidjo
was educated in Cameroun and
worked as a radio operator in the
Yaounde post office. He headed
the first Camerounian government
under the internal autonomy law,
and with the country's independ-
ence in 1960 became its president.
His most urgent tasks were to
put down terror and guerrilla war
waged by the Communist-orient-
ed Union des Peuples Cameroun-
ais and to obtain unity of the
two Camerouns.
Today, guerrilla warfare no
longer threatens the country's sta-
bility and the ex-British and ex-
French Camerouns form one fed-
eral state. However, a part of the
former British territory voted to
join neighboring Nigeria.
A federal assembly consisting of
40 French and 10 English-speak-
ing members sits in Yaounde.
BLUES
at discount records__JAZ_
RICHARD LOWENTHAL QUINTET
U p
THE NEGRO IN HARLEM, a
government f i n a n c e d study
concludes, lives under frustra-
tion and a feeling of helpless-
ness his environment forces
upon him: "the Harlem ghetto
is the institutionalization of
powerlessness."
is separated from his wife, two -of
seven females over 14 are separat-
ed from their husbands.
Venereal Disease
Health-The infant mortality
rate of 45.2 deaths per 1000 live.
births is almost double that of
the remainder of the city, venereal
disease among youth is'six times
greater.
Crime-Juvenile delinquency is
twice as high as the rest of the
city, murders occur six times more
frequently, narcotics addiction 'is
three to eight times greater.
Education-"In the third grade,
central Harlem pupils are fully
one year behind the achievement
levels of New York City pupils. By
the sixth grade they have fallen
nearly two years behind, and by
the eighth grade they are about
two-and-a-halfdyears behind. The
schools have lost faith in the
ability of their pupils to learn,
and the community has lost faith
in the ability of. the schools to
teach.Substandard performance is
expected of the pupils.
Numbers Racket
Economics-"Few individuals of
few Negroes who manage to climb
wealth reside in Harlem. Those
into the upper-income brackets
tend to leave Harlem, send their
children to private schools, or
withdraw from active involvement
in community problems." Most of
Harlem's 1617 small businesses are
operated by whites, "even the
numbers racket, which is such a
pervasive and indestructible part
of Harlem's economy."
Housing-Forty per cent of Har-
lem's housing are tenements built
between 1880 and 1901, altogether,
90 per cent of the buildings in the
area are over 33 years old. Resi-
dences, on the whole, are "unsafe,
deteriorating and overcrowded
with multiple use of toilet and
water facilities, inadequate heat-
ing and ventilation and crowded
sleeping quarters."
Employment-The average in-
come is $3,480, compared to the
citywide average of 5,103. Nearly
two-thirds of male workers and
nearly three-fourths of women are
operatives, service workers or lab-
orers, "The spectre of joblessness
substantially feeds the roots of
this community pathology."
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of HARYOU. The report defined
Harlem's ills and recommended a
program of combatting them with
education, employment, family
stabilization and community im-
provement.
In Washington, the President's
Committee on Juvenile Delin-
quency and Crime has approved
such a program, to last three
years. Its estimated $100 million
cost-to come from federal, local
and private sources-has not been
arranged.
Violence Potential
Dr. Clark's disavowed reports,
attributed to HARYOU, that 400
Negro youths have formed a gang
to kill and main whites. But the
HARYOU study report drew a pic-
ture almost as frightening in its
potential for violence.
The HARYOU study detailed
problems besetting Harlem:
Family Llfe- Half the children
under 18 do not live with both
parents, one of five males over 14
105 N. FOREST--Across from Couzins
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