TUESDAY, APRIL 1, 1964
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
PAGE TH
TUESDAY, APRIL 7,1964 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE TI
Soviet Premier Attacks
Fulbright
Gives Talk
Newspapers Aid Rights
Red Chinese Ates.o Mitary
Commends 'Sober' U.S.
CIVIL RIGHTS:
Keating, DoddSupport
House-Passed Measure
vI
WASHINGTON (') - Recent
events'in Mississippi were cited by
Sen. Kenneth B. Keating (R-NY)
yesterday as demonstrating that
"there are states' wrongs as well
as states' rights."
"And it is just such wrongs that
this bill is directed against," Keat-
ing said in opening the fifth week
of debate on the civil rghts bill.
Sen. Thomas J. Dodd (D-Conn)
followed Keating to the floor with
a plea fqr enactment of the last
four sections of the bill.
These include proposals for com-
GEN. DOUGLAS MIacARTHUR
MacArthur
Dies at 84
By MICHAEL HARRAH,
Death has come to an old sol-
dier; Gen. Douglas MacArthur,
veteran of two world wars and
hero to people all over the world
died Sunday in Walter Reed Army
Hospital at the age of 84.
MacArthur, retired from active
duty since 1951, had been in ro-
bust health on his birthday just
two months ago, but had been
experiencing a difficult recovery
following an operation in late
February. His death resulted from
these complications.
Born on Jan. 26, 1880, in Little
Rock, Ark., Douglas MacArthur
was the son of Lt. Gen. Arthur
MacArthur, himself a Congression-
al Medal of Honor winner as his
son was to be years later. He enr-
tered the United, States Military
Academy at West Point, graduated
in 1903 and entered the army as
a second lieutenant in the En-
'gineer Corps. He advanced through
the ranks, being, made a general
in 1939, and general of the armies
in 1944.
Pacific Commander
He commanded forces in both
France and Germany during the
First World War and the American
forces in the Pacific from the
outbreak of the Second World War
until his retirement.
It was during the .Korean con-=
flict that MacArthur was relieved
of his command by President
Harry S. Truman, in a dispute
over the Allied policy of non-
aggression against the North
Koreans and the Chinese Com-
munists.
That was in 1951, and Mac-
Arthur retired to his New York
apartment after a dramatic and
moving address to Congress. He
was quickly made chairman of
the board of the Remington Rand
Corp. (now Sperry-Rand), a posi-
tion he held to his death.,
The tributes to MacArthur have
been many and profuse, but per-
haps the most fitting one was
simple: "In many respects," Sen.;
Richard Russell (D-Ga) intoned
quietly, "he was the most remark-l
able man I have ever known."
piling registration and voting sta-
tistics by race, color, religion and
national origin, creation of a com-
munity relations service to mediate
racial disputes, and permitting ap-
peals of decisions of federal judges
who refuse to consider transfer-
ring civil rights cases from state
to federal courts.
In another speech, Sen. Hugh
Scott (R-Pa) said the civil rights
commission, which would be ex-
tended for four years under tlv
bill, should be made a permanen
agency. Scott said he will offer
an amendment to this effect later.
The bill's backers are expected
to complete their presentations
this week.
'Turn Clock Back'
Keating, leading off for the
civil rights proponents, said the
Mississippi legislators, "uncumber-
ed by the filibuster rule and other
such limitations on prompt ac-
tion," have been considering a se-
ries of measures "designed to turn
the clock back on human free-
dom."
r Among other proposals, Keating
mentioned a package of election
law revisions which critics say
would destroy the Republican par-
ty in Mississippi.
"This law apparently is design-
ed to supplement intimidation and
the most restrictive voting pro-
cedures and laws in the nation, as
a means of perpetuating control
by those now in power," Keating
said.
Bills Pass Senate
The bills have passed the state
senate and are now before the
house in Jackson.
One measure would require ex-
tensive local and county organiza-
tions, which the Republicans do
not have, to give a party legal
standing.
Another would require that any
party's candidate would have to
win at least 10 per cent of the eli-
gible vote in a primary election in
order to get on the general elec-
tion ballot.
Describes Bills
Keating told the Senate the
aim of the bills is to "perpetuate
one-party rule by making it as
difficult as possible for any minor-
ity party candidates to get on the
ballot."
Majority Leader Mike Mansfield
said he has no idea when voting
will start on proposed amendments
to the bill.
World News
Roundup
By The Associated Press
NICOSIA, Cyprus - Four new
killings were reported on this
warring island yesterday as the
United Nations truce team con-
tinued to try to arrange for a free-
dom of movement pact between
the Turks and Greeks.
A partial truce between two of
the most involved villages in west-
ern Cyprus was reported, but the
area was still tense.
LONDON-Britain and Czecho-
slovakia signed a trade agreement
yesterday taking machinery and
machine tools off the restricted
trade list.
* * *
WASHINGTON-Venezuela has
asked blank check authorization
for any American nation to use
military force against Communist
Cuba if Fidel Castro commits new
acts of aggression, Latin American
diplomatic sources said yesterday.
* * *
NEW YORK-Coppers recovered
and airlines were down sharply on
profit taking while the stock mar-
ket worked irregularly higher yes-
terday.
Says Battle
Would Kill
Half World
Claints Communists
Struggle for Minds
KAZINOBARCIKA, Hungary (A)
-Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev
declared yesterday the United
States government judges the
world soberly while Red China sees
possible good in a war that might
wipe out half of mankind.
Discarding a prepared- text,
Khrushchev struck hard at China's
leaders. By contrast, he noted the
late President John F. Kennedy
said that total war in a nuclear
wage "makes no sense," and added
he thought President Lyndon B.
Johnson has views similar to his
predecessor.
"The Chinese leaders say it
would not be a bad thing to
have a war-one half of the peo-
ple in the world would be de-
stroy4d and the other half sur-
vive," he told workers at a chem-
ical plant in this northern indus-
trial city. "They say that after
some time women again would
bear children and mankind would
be as before. People who think
like that do not show an over-
abundance of brains but rather a
lack of them.
Fears War
"I say it is only a child or an
idiot who does not fear war. If
Hitler had knowndhow World War
II would end and, that he would
shoot himself, he probably would
not have started the war."
Referring to Peking's accusa-
tion that Khrushchev shrinks from
war, Khrushchev said:
"Shall we start war with the
capitalist countries? With what
country shall we start first, with
France, West Germany, Italy or
Great Britain?
Will Not Interfere
"Do these countries consist only
of capitalists and imperialists? No,
there are peasants, workers and
intellectuals. We were not asked
by these people to interfere In
their internal affairs."
The Red Chinese assert that So-
viet leaders shun violence and
practice peaceful coexistence be-
cause their nation has grown rela-
tively prosperous, that they are
only concerned with a better life
and the old revolutionary zeal is
gone.
Khrushchev spent a great deal
of his speech developing the thesis
that he is using in the struggle for
control of the minds in the world
Communist movement: that the
people should work harder to pro-
vide the comforts and goods that
make for better living.
"If our-the proletarian-sys-
tem gave us less than capitalist
countries, people would say: 'what
the devil do they want this for, if
one is worse than the other?'
"We need good houses, clothes
-winter, autumn and summer
clothing. We need schools, hos-
pitals, universitlees. We need all
the things that make life richer
and finer."
CHAPEL HILL (1')-Sen. J. W.
Fulbright (D-Ark), who 12 days
ago touched off an explosive de-
bate on foreign policy,, now says
"the American people are not now
exercising effective control over
the military, and neither is the
Congress."
The charge by the chairman of
the Senate Foreign Relations Com-
mittee seemed almost certain to
stir another controversy-this time
with the Pentagon.
The Arkansas Democrat's March
25 foreign policy speech richochet-
ed through both halls of Con-
gress, the State Department and
the White House. It still is draw-
ing fire in some quarters.
Symposium
His comments on the military
came in a keynote speech to the
1964 Carolina Symposium, a five-
day series of lectures at the uni-
versity on the topic "Arms and
the Man: National Security and
the Aims of a Free Society."-
Fulbright said the military es-
tablishment has a vested interest
in the continuation of the cold
war and its high military spend-
ing.
He said the "elimination of
superfluous defense funds" would
encourage spending on domestic
programs, and that "the cold war
is an excuse, as well as a cause"
for high military budgets.
Fulbright's comment about con-
trol of the military recalled a
statement by former President.
Dwight D. Eisenhower in his fare-
well address as chief executive on
Jan. 17, 1961.
Influence
Eisenhower warned then of the
need to "guard against the aquisi-
tion of unwarranted influence,
whether sought or unsought, by
the military-industrial complex."
In his address, Fulbright pur-
sued one of the points of his
March 25 Senate speech. He said
the nation's interests could be
served better by ending the present
"morbid preoccupation with the
danger of Communist expansion
abroad and subversion, and dis-
loyalty at home."
(EDITOR'S NOTE; This is the
second in a series of articles deal-
ing with the Negro in Atlanta. The
reporter, although not a native
Southerner, has lived in the city
for five years.)
By ROBERT JOHNSTON
Special To The Daily
ATLANTA-With a Sunday cir-
culation of over 500,000, Atlanta
Newspapers, Inc. is one of the
most strategic communicationl
links in the city.
This firm, with the controlling
interest held by Ohioan James M.
Cox Sr., publishes the morningi
Constitution, the evening Journal
and a combined Sunday edition.
Ralph McGill, Constitution edi-
tor for many years, and now pub-
lisher, has been a vocal and pro-
found champion of civil rights. He
believes that the Negro must and
eventually -will be granted his
"fundamental" rights and that
court defiance and irresponsible
Southern leadership have resulted
only in violence. This philosophy
has supplied a firm moral under-
pinning for the Constitution and,
to some degree, for the Journal.
Attacks Attitude
Translated into the editorial
columns of the papers, this philos-
ophy has meant a relentless attack
on many aspects of the Southern
attitude. Translated into the news
columns, it has meant a major
source of inspiration for knowledge
about the civil rights movement
in Atlanta.
Whatever Atlantans think of
this philosophy and attitude, they
read the papers well. Many ve-
hemently dislike what they find
there, but this is still the source
of most of their information. The
populace is provided with a broad
and often hard-hitting foundation
of news coverage and editorial dis-
cussion on which to base its opin-
ions. However much disagreement
the papers arouse, they are able
to guide the thoughts and discus-
sions of the city in certain gen-
eral directions. Such thoughts and
discussions have formed the
iounciati or action. No one has inspired a greater
An example of how this process range of emotions than Ralph
works is shown by the aftermath McGill. No one is more abused by
of the 1954 Supreme Court deci- some, loved by others. But what-
sion outlawing school desegrega- ever McGill by himself may have
tion. "Many Atlantans looked to accomplished, the greatest effects
closing the schools to prevent in- have come from the overall spirit
tegration. We tried to present the he has imparted to Atlanta News-
alternatives to this action, to show papers.
what would happen if this were Cartoon
"1... - .l 1. ..
news,
done," McGill explained.
School Closing
"We gave news space and edi-
torial help to those opposing such
a move. This focused a lot of
hatred on Atlanta, its officials-and
the paper." But the stand was
taken firmly at a time when very'
few people were speaking out. The
final outcome of the ensuing public
To Vote, Today,
In Wisconsit?.
MILWAUKEE OP)-Administra-
tion Democrats drove hard in the
closing hours of Wisconsin's presi-
dential primary campaign yester
day.
The mounting White House con-
cern over Alabama Gov. George C.
Wallace's campaign based on op-
position to what he calls -the
"civil wrongs bill," brought Presi-
dent Lyndon B. Johnson himself
to endorse Wisconsin Gov. John
W. Reynolds, the favorite son;
leading the slate pledged to John-
son in today's election.
Clifford Baldowski is the Con-
stitution's longtime political car-
toonist, usually known as Baldy. A
sample of his work depicts a visi-
tor in the midst of a large ghost
town. An old-timer is telling him,
"First we closed our schools, then
one thing, led to another."
But perhaps the greatest meas-
ure of the success of Atlanta
Newspapers in stimulating public
discussion is the appearance of a
rival newspaper. The Atlanta
Times has been in the works for
many years, collecting support
from all those who find the pres-
ent papers a little too at odds with
their own opinions.
The Times is scheduled to ap-
pear this month with former Con-
gressman James C. Davis as pub-
lisher. He wastes no love on At-
lanta Newspapers-"They have
promoted radicalism in every
shape and form."
But the city's newspapers' hold
on the people is shown by the long
gestation period of this new ven-
ture. These papers are there to
stay and have provided one of the
shaping and productive forces in
the Atlanta rights movement.
discussion, debate and pressure
was that the state legislature
passed laws allowing Atlanta to
integrate her schools. Several high
schools were peacefully integrated
in 1961, and the system expects to
have 200 Negro students in form-
erly all-white schools next fall.
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