THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1964.
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1964 THE MICHIGAN DAILY
Business-Government Rapport
Necessitates Trust, Confidence
U.S. INFLUENCE FAILING:
West Fears Disunity in Southeast Asia
Sat.
By TONY ESCODA
Associated Press Staff Writer
i
By DARDEN CHAMBLISS
Associated Press Staff Writer
NEW YORK-How should gov-
ernment act to inspire confidence
among American businessmen?
When government finds the an-
swer, jt will have taken a large
step toward continuing prosperity.
New jobs and nice fat payrolls
are born when businessmen confi-
dently risk money, buy newequip-
ment and build new plants.
Source of Confidence
Businessmen say they don't
know themselves what puts them
in a buoyant mood. Business lead-
ers interviewed on a coast-to-coast
tour indicated they can't agree on
the type of President, the general
government policy or the specific
Dle Gaulle's First Opponent
Begins 1965 Political Race
By JOSEPH E. DYNAN
Associated Press Staff Writer
PARIS-Like young David set-
ting forth to meet Goliath, a So-
cialist lawyer turned politician has
set out to topple Charles de Gaulle
as president of France.
It won't be easy, the politician
admits. He is Gaston Defferre,
mayor of Marseille and boss of
that city's biggest newspaper.
"It's no dishonor to be beaten
by de Gaulle," he has said.
Good Race
But Defferre, at least for the
record, has no intention of being
beaten. He has opened the coun-
try's first. full scale popular elec-
tion campaign under the Fifth
Republic with the avowed goal of
replacing de Gaulle's go-it-alone
policies with a more European and
GASTON DEFFERRE
GUS HALL:
communists
less nationalistic program, empha-
sizing education instead of arma-
ments.
The election doesn't take place
until the end of 1965 but Defferre
explains that h needs an early
start to offset de Gaulle's heavy
advantage in terms of voter fa-
mniliarity. De Gaulle is known to
every Frenchmin in a way thaG
few if any rivals can boast.
Defferre says the early start is
needed to get his image across to
the French electorate. He also
needs time to propound his views
and to get the issues into focus
for voters who for the first time
in this century will be naming a
chief executive by direct ballot.
No Chaos
Defferre's first aim, shared by
other anti-Gaullists, is to con-
vince people they actually have a
choice-to dissipate a feeling that
it's either de Gaulle or Chaos.
Judging from his statements to
the local party stalwarts, Defferre
intends to plug a simple theme:
in the nuclpar age, a strictly
French nationalism is outdated
and futile. The Frenchman's fu-
ture is as part of a European
federation. The money de Gaude
wants to spend on a French ther-
monuclear "force de frappe"
should be spent on education.
Thus far on the national scene,
Defferre is best known as the
sponsor of the Loi Cadre or frame-
work law for local autoomy for
French colonies in Africa, the
legal forerunner of the inedepend-
ence these states now enjoy. De
Gaulle took Defferre's ideas and
expanded them first into the
"French Community." Then he al-
lowed this concept to develop into
nationhood for the ex-colonies. On
this, naturally, Defferre has no
argument.
Marseille Native
Defferre was born in a small
town just west of Marseille. He
has belonged to the Marseille
branch of the Socialist Party all
his adultlife.
Defferre took a leading role in
the under ground resistance
against the Nazis in World War
II-a weighty political asset in
present-day France. He was par-
achuted into ocupied France and
upon liberation he helped found
t h e newspaper Le Provencal,
which he directs today.
Since liberation he had been
either an official of the Marseille
city government or a member of
Parliament or both. He served the
late Leon Blum in 1946 as state
secretary for overseas France. At
the moment he is the district's
representative in the National As-
sembly as well as Marseille mayor.
Defferre at 53 is relatively
young for a leading politician in
France. In a predominantly Cath-
olic country, he is a Protestant.
He also is divorced from his first
wife and now is married to a Bel-
gian-born woman. There are no
children.
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practices that give them confi-
dence.
But they can pretty well agree
on two crucial requirements:
1) Predictability - "There are
so maniy unavoidable variables in
business," corporation president
Kenneth F. Julin said, "that if you
throw in the additional variable of
government attitudes, it just about
brings operations to a halt."
2) Mutual respect and under-
standing--"Business doesn't ask
any favors," Leonard F. McCul-'
lom, a company president, said. "It
would just like a clear understand-
ing of the role it plays in the econ-
omy."
More Important
These two qualities, these busi-
nessmen indicate, can be far more
important than conventional divi-
sions between Democrat and Re-
publican, conservative or liberal,
spender or nonspender.
One businessman said, "What's
wrong with a great deal of liber-
alism is the confusion it brings.
The New Frontier crowd had ev-
erybody in a turmoil.
"The liberals fundamentally
don't believe in business making
money. Business can't cooperate
with them because they frankly
don't want business to run with
the ball and succeed."
Businessmen are concerned over
the federal deficit, the growing
debt, the high cost of financing
the debt and what they see as
threats to future fiscal soundness.
Businessmen note also that their
federal taxes don't rise or fall di-
rectly with Washington spending,
as taxes can locally. A billion-
dollar "war on poverty," for in-
stance, probably wouldn't affect
their profits.
But a seemingly minor rule
change, interpretation-or merely
the sour disposition of a revenue
agent or inspector-can cost them
real money, they say. Thus,
"spending" is far from the worst
sin government can commit.
KUALA LUMPUR-A rash of
developments in Southeast Asia
has deepened Western pessimism
about this area's chances of unit-
ing against threats of Chinese ex-
pansion.
American influence, which once
helped stitch together key sections
of the region, has worn thin.
An open attempt by France to
move in where the United States
is edging-or being edged-out has
complicated the picture.
Fresh Victories
Amid the confusion, Commu-
nists have registered fresh military
gains in the Southeast Asian
heartland.
These developments point up
the trend:
-In neutralist Cambodia, Prince
Norodom Sihanouk has threatened
to cut Western ties and form mil-
itary alliances with Communist
China and North Viet Nam un-
less the West agrees to guarantee
his country's neutrality.
The threat comes against the
backdrop of Sihanouk's quarrel
with the United States. He has
accused Americans and their al-
lies in Thailand and South Viet
Nam of helping a movement to
overthrow his regime, a charge re-
peatedly denied. The Cambodian
leader has renounced a yearly
United States dole of $30 million
in economic and military aid.
Laos Fighting
-In Laos, pro-Communist Path-
et Lao forces, bolstered by North
Vietnamese, have stepped up at-
tacks in the north and north cen-
tral sectors in a fresh, bold at-
tempt to widen Communist con-
trol in that little kingdom.
-In South Viet Nam, the Viet
Cong has intensified terrorist ac-
tivity while the country is still re-
bounding from its second coup d'-
etat in three months. American
troops have become the target of
bombs.
-On the Southeast Asian rim,
the fledgling Malaysia Federation
faces the opposition of two of its
biggest neighbors, Indonesia and
the Philippines.
Malaysia, formed out of Malaya,
Singapore and the onetime British
territories of Sarawak and North
Borneo, was designed as a bul-
wark against Chinese Communist
expansionism. B u t Indonesia
claims it is a form of British
neocolonialism and has pledged
to crush it.
The pro-American Philippines-
an unlikely ally of Indonesia and
its free-wheeling neutralism that
gon the leader of the latest coup
claimed the previous military gov-
ernment was helping pave the way
for neutralization.
Studied Silence
Malaysia, with a sizable overseas
Chinese population that likes to
straddle the French on the Peking
vs. Nationalist China issue, has of-
ficially reacted with studied sil-
ence.
The non-aligned bloc of Indo-
nesia, Laos, Cambodia and Burma
has welcomed de Gaulle's recogni-
tion of Peking.
A widely shared view is that the
only ones who stand to gain from
the present chain of crisis develop-
ments are Communist China and
its North Vietnamese ally.
Two Victories
The Red Chinese regime, seem-
ingly without trying, has been
handed two major victories in the
form of the South Vietnamese po-
litical upheaval and France's rec-
ognition policy.
Malaysian newspapers have been
linking their country's troubles
with Chinese hopes for a Southeast
Asian takeover, beginning with In-
donesia. There is little reason to
doubt that Peking's hand lies be-
hind the fresh Laotian outbreak.
Cambodia's Sihanouk has forecast
that China will be the eventual
victor in this region.
An Asian diplomat here asks pri-
vately: "Who is to say he's
wrong?"
Day!
Collins
presents
Cole
is
the
-Daily-Kamalakar Rao
SOUTHEAST ASIAN FRONTS - Developments in neutralist
Cambodia, Laos, South Viet Nam, the young Malaysia Federation,
Indonesia and Thailand, have dimmed United States hopes for
unity. The Red Chinese have been handed success by South Viet-
namese politics and France's recognition policy.
of
often veers left-has kept its dis-
approval of Malaysia within peace-
ful limits. It has taken the initia-
tive in trying to patch up its part
of the dispute, based on a Ma-
nila claim to North Borneo.
Indonesia's anti-Malaysia cam-
paign has included guerrilla raids
across an 800-mile frontier on
Borneo. A cease-fire has been ar-
ranged with Atty. Gen. Robert F.
Kennedy's help, and this week
there were signs that Indonesia
was anxious for some sort of face-
saving formula to extricate itself.
Internal Crisis
-In Indonesia itself, internal
troubles-fanned by a big, Chi-
nese-leaning Communist Party and
aggravated by widespread starva-
tion-have given rise to specula-
tion about a Red takeover.
--Thailand is trying to act as a
mediator in the Malaysia crisis but
has the Laos problem to worry
about, too. It shares a long bor-
der with that troubled country.
And Cambodia's latest threats are
not helping set Thai minds at rest.
The Southeast Asia Treaty Or-
ganization, headquartered in the
Thai capital of Bangkok, is pond-
ering the situation.
France disengaged itself from
Southeast Asia after the 1954 Ge-
neva conference cut French In-
dochina loose. Now it is bidding for
a return in a big-brother role.
French Plan
President Charles de Gaulle has
suggested a French-backed policy
of neutralization, based on recog-
nition of Communist China.
The immediate effect has been
to sharpen the dividing line in a
part of the world where no more
divisions are needed.
Predictably, the de Gaulle phn
has been challenged by staunchly
pro-Western Thailand, South Viet
Nam and the Philippines. In Sai-
California
MEN!
VOTE x YES
on the NEW UNION,
CONSTITUTION
HELP YOUR UNION
SERVE YOU
Meet"
Tomm
Kehoe
and
Marty
Sinn
if
World News
Roundup
I'
11:30 to 3:3C
. ... .:
-5i
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON - Walter E.
Craig, president of the American
Bar Association, was appointed
yesterday by the Warren commis-
sion to protect the interests of
Lee Oswald.
See
Feb .29th
Interest
Of Students
By JUDI HALPRIN
Collegiate Press Service
CHICAGO - The Communist
Party, experiencing an increase in
size and activities, is gaining
"much of this renewed interest"
among. college students, Gus Hall,
party spokesman, said recently in
an interview with the Roosevelt
University Torch.
The party is interested in form-
ing a non-partisan youth organi-
zation with a platform based on'
discussing American socialism.
"Some unaffiliated youth have be-
come convinced by the conditions
in the United States of the need
for socialism," Hall said.
The Communist Party's present
legal status is in the "twilight
zone," he said. "Certain features of
it have been ruled illegal by the
courts, and others haven't."
At present 38 states do not
allow the Communist Party to
run candidates and others have
laws which make such activity dif-
ficult. The last time the party
tried to run candidates, "the Fed-
eral Bureau of Investigation and
the press harassed the people who
signed our petitions, published
their names so that they Lost their
jobs, and made political action
very difficult for them.
He said, 1' dwever, that the party
is considering running candidates
in the 1964 election.
WASHINGTON -- The House
yesterday, blocked any further
United States funds this year for
the International Development
Association.
NEW YORK-The stock market
snapped out of a spell of irregular-
ity with a late rally yesterday
which boosted market averages to
new highs. Trading was active. At
the end of the day, Dow Jones
averages showed 25 railroads up
.13, 425 industrials up .22, 50
utilities unchanged, and 500 stocks
up .19.
INTERNATIONAL PEACE MEAL
League Cafeteria
Sunday, Mar. 1-5:30-8:00 P.M.
Special Guest Speaker: USNSA OFFICER
Entertainment
Tickets $1.10 available at Union Desk
Feb. 26-27 11 A.M.-1 P.M.-4-6 P.M.
Feb. 28 11 A.M.-7 P.M.
EVERYONE INVITED
oI i_ '.lye'.-.
I-
VVV
/
Y4
§ §"
a §
§ q§
For Ns-
The/N:w§
§ §
S ON
See how it glows, with everything! Sandler borrowed
this deep, dark reddish-brownish-blackish moccasin
color from the boys -- and believe us, it's going to be 5
the Big Fashion Noise. Did you see it in Mademoiselle.?
Tomm is the
representative from
Cole
I
-ii
ONCE
Concerts through Sunday
VFW BALLROOM
d Tonight at 7 and at 10:
JUDSON DANCE THEATRE
Tickets at Record Center,
Disc Shop and Bob Marshall's
of California
He'll be here with
all his swimsuits and
sportswear samples
and will be glad to
take special orders.
Marty, of course, is
the lovely and well
known professional
long distance
swimming champion
who, in 1963, was
the first to swim
the 35 mi. Suez
Canal.
Tomm, Marty, and
live! models
will be showing
the collection in the
Sportshop
I
I
U
TONIGHT AT 8
THE ANNUAL PURIM 'DEBATE'
i
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