THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1964. THE MICHIGAN DAILY THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1964 THE MICHIGAN DAILY Business-Government Rapport Necessitates Trust, Confidence U.S. INFLUENCE FAILING: West Fears Disunity in Southeast Asia Sat. By TONY ESCODA Associated Press Staff Writer i By DARDEN CHAMBLISS Associated Press Staff Writer NEW YORK-How should gov- ernment act to inspire confidence among American businessmen? When government finds the an- swer, jt will have taken a large step toward continuing prosperity. New jobs and nice fat payrolls are born when businessmen confi- dently risk money, buy newequip- ment and build new plants. Source of Confidence Businessmen say they don't know themselves what puts them in a buoyant mood. Business lead- ers interviewed on a coast-to-coast tour indicated they can't agree on the type of President, the general government policy or the specific Dle Gaulle's First Opponent Begins 1965 Political Race By JOSEPH E. DYNAN Associated Press Staff Writer PARIS-Like young David set- ting forth to meet Goliath, a So- cialist lawyer turned politician has set out to topple Charles de Gaulle as president of France. It won't be easy, the politician admits. He is Gaston Defferre, mayor of Marseille and boss of that city's biggest newspaper. "It's no dishonor to be beaten by de Gaulle," he has said. Good Race But Defferre, at least for the record, has no intention of being beaten. He has opened the coun- try's first. full scale popular elec- tion campaign under the Fifth Republic with the avowed goal of replacing de Gaulle's go-it-alone policies with a more European and GASTON DEFFERRE GUS HALL: communists less nationalistic program, empha- sizing education instead of arma- ments. The election doesn't take place until the end of 1965 but Defferre explains that h needs an early start to offset de Gaulle's heavy advantage in terms of voter fa- mniliarity. De Gaulle is known to every Frenchmin in a way thaG few if any rivals can boast. Defferre says the early start is needed to get his image across to the French electorate. He also needs time to propound his views and to get the issues into focus for voters who for the first time in this century will be naming a chief executive by direct ballot. No Chaos Defferre's first aim, shared by other anti-Gaullists, is to con- vince people they actually have a choice-to dissipate a feeling that it's either de Gaulle or Chaos. Judging from his statements to the local party stalwarts, Defferre intends to plug a simple theme: in the nuclpar age, a strictly French nationalism is outdated and futile. The Frenchman's fu- ture is as part of a European federation. The money de Gaude wants to spend on a French ther- monuclear "force de frappe" should be spent on education. Thus far on the national scene, Defferre is best known as the sponsor of the Loi Cadre or frame- work law for local autoomy for French colonies in Africa, the legal forerunner of the inedepend- ence these states now enjoy. De Gaulle took Defferre's ideas and expanded them first into the "French Community." Then he al- lowed this concept to develop into nationhood for the ex-colonies. On this, naturally, Defferre has no argument. Marseille Native Defferre was born in a small town just west of Marseille. He has belonged to the Marseille branch of the Socialist Party all his adultlife. Defferre took a leading role in the under ground resistance against the Nazis in World War II-a weighty political asset in present-day France. He was par- achuted into ocupied France and upon liberation he helped found t h e newspaper Le Provencal, which he directs today. Since liberation he had been either an official of the Marseille city government or a member of Parliament or both. He served the late Leon Blum in 1946 as state secretary for overseas France. At the moment he is the district's representative in the National As- sembly as well as Marseille mayor. Defferre at 53 is relatively young for a leading politician in France. In a predominantly Cath- olic country, he is a Protestant. He also is divorced from his first wife and now is married to a Bel- gian-born woman. There are no children. HAWAII SUMMER JOBS STUDENTS-MALE &, FEMALE Summer employment in Hawaii- All possibilities listed in current "Guide to Hawaii Employment"- Send $1, air mail .30 extra. ISLAND PUBLICATIONS, 2312 22nd Ave., San Francisco, Calif. Money Back Guarantee practices that give them confi- dence. But they can pretty well agree on two crucial requirements: 1) Predictability - "There are so maniy unavoidable variables in business," corporation president Kenneth F. Julin said, "that if you throw in the additional variable of government attitudes, it just about brings operations to a halt." 2) Mutual respect and under- standing--"Business doesn't ask any favors," Leonard F. McCul-' lom, a company president, said. "It would just like a clear understand- ing of the role it plays in the econ- omy." More Important These two qualities, these busi- nessmen indicate, can be far more important than conventional divi- sions between Democrat and Re- publican, conservative or liberal, spender or nonspender. One businessman said, "What's wrong with a great deal of liber- alism is the confusion it brings. The New Frontier crowd had ev- erybody in a turmoil. "The liberals fundamentally don't believe in business making money. Business can't cooperate with them because they frankly don't want business to run with the ball and succeed." Businessmen are concerned over the federal deficit, the growing debt, the high cost of financing the debt and what they see as threats to future fiscal soundness. Businessmen note also that their federal taxes don't rise or fall di- rectly with Washington spending, as taxes can locally. A billion- dollar "war on poverty," for in- stance, probably wouldn't affect their profits. But a seemingly minor rule change, interpretation-or merely the sour disposition of a revenue agent or inspector-can cost them real money, they say. Thus, "spending" is far from the worst sin government can commit. KUALA LUMPUR-A rash of developments in Southeast Asia has deepened Western pessimism about this area's chances of unit- ing against threats of Chinese ex- pansion. American influence, which once helped stitch together key sections of the region, has worn thin. An open attempt by France to move in where the United States is edging-or being edged-out has complicated the picture. Fresh Victories Amid the confusion, Commu- nists have registered fresh military gains in the Southeast Asian heartland. These developments point up the trend: -In neutralist Cambodia, Prince Norodom Sihanouk has threatened to cut Western ties and form mil- itary alliances with Communist China and North Viet Nam un- less the West agrees to guarantee his country's neutrality. The threat comes against the backdrop of Sihanouk's quarrel with the United States. He has accused Americans and their al- lies in Thailand and South Viet Nam of helping a movement to overthrow his regime, a charge re- peatedly denied. The Cambodian leader has renounced a yearly United States dole of $30 million in economic and military aid. Laos Fighting -In Laos, pro-Communist Path- et Lao forces, bolstered by North Vietnamese, have stepped up at- tacks in the north and north cen- tral sectors in a fresh, bold at- tempt to widen Communist con- trol in that little kingdom. -In South Viet Nam, the Viet Cong has intensified terrorist ac- tivity while the country is still re- bounding from its second coup d'- etat in three months. American troops have become the target of bombs. -On the Southeast Asian rim, the fledgling Malaysia Federation faces the opposition of two of its biggest neighbors, Indonesia and the Philippines. Malaysia, formed out of Malaya, Singapore and the onetime British territories of Sarawak and North Borneo, was designed as a bul- wark against Chinese Communist expansionism. B u t Indonesia claims it is a form of British neocolonialism and has pledged to crush it. The pro-American Philippines- an unlikely ally of Indonesia and its free-wheeling neutralism that gon the leader of the latest coup claimed the previous military gov- ernment was helping pave the way for neutralization. Studied Silence Malaysia, with a sizable overseas Chinese population that likes to straddle the French on the Peking vs. Nationalist China issue, has of- ficially reacted with studied sil- ence. The non-aligned bloc of Indo- nesia, Laos, Cambodia and Burma has welcomed de Gaulle's recogni- tion of Peking. A widely shared view is that the only ones who stand to gain from the present chain of crisis develop- ments are Communist China and its North Vietnamese ally. Two Victories The Red Chinese regime, seem- ingly without trying, has been handed two major victories in the form of the South Vietnamese po- litical upheaval and France's rec- ognition policy. Malaysian newspapers have been linking their country's troubles with Chinese hopes for a Southeast Asian takeover, beginning with In- donesia. There is little reason to doubt that Peking's hand lies be- hind the fresh Laotian outbreak. Cambodia's Sihanouk has forecast that China will be the eventual victor in this region. An Asian diplomat here asks pri- vately: "Who is to say he's wrong?" Day! Collins presents Cole is the -Daily-Kamalakar Rao SOUTHEAST ASIAN FRONTS - Developments in neutralist Cambodia, Laos, South Viet Nam, the young Malaysia Federation, Indonesia and Thailand, have dimmed United States hopes for unity. The Red Chinese have been handed success by South Viet- namese politics and France's recognition policy. of often veers left-has kept its dis- approval of Malaysia within peace- ful limits. It has taken the initia- tive in trying to patch up its part of the dispute, based on a Ma- nila claim to North Borneo. Indonesia's anti-Malaysia cam- paign has included guerrilla raids across an 800-mile frontier on Borneo. A cease-fire has been ar- ranged with Atty. Gen. Robert F. Kennedy's help, and this week there were signs that Indonesia was anxious for some sort of face- saving formula to extricate itself. Internal Crisis -In Indonesia itself, internal troubles-fanned by a big, Chi- nese-leaning Communist Party and aggravated by widespread starva- tion-have given rise to specula- tion about a Red takeover. --Thailand is trying to act as a mediator in the Malaysia crisis but has the Laos problem to worry about, too. It shares a long bor- der with that troubled country. And Cambodia's latest threats are not helping set Thai minds at rest. The Southeast Asia Treaty Or- ganization, headquartered in the Thai capital of Bangkok, is pond- ering the situation. France disengaged itself from Southeast Asia after the 1954 Ge- neva conference cut French In- dochina loose. Now it is bidding for a return in a big-brother role. French Plan President Charles de Gaulle has suggested a French-backed policy of neutralization, based on recog- nition of Communist China. The immediate effect has been to sharpen the dividing line in a part of the world where no more divisions are needed. Predictably, the de Gaulle phn has been challenged by staunchly pro-Western Thailand, South Viet Nam and the Philippines. In Sai- California MEN! VOTE x YES on the NEW UNION, CONSTITUTION HELP YOUR UNION SERVE YOU Meet" Tomm Kehoe and Marty Sinn if World News Roundup I' 11:30 to 3:3C . ... .: -5i By The Associated Press WASHINGTON - Walter E. Craig, president of the American Bar Association, was appointed yesterday by the Warren commis- sion to protect the interests of Lee Oswald. See Feb .29th Interest Of Students By JUDI HALPRIN Collegiate Press Service CHICAGO - The Communist Party, experiencing an increase in size and activities, is gaining "much of this renewed interest" among. college students, Gus Hall, party spokesman, said recently in an interview with the Roosevelt University Torch. The party is interested in form- ing a non-partisan youth organi- zation with a platform based on' discussing American socialism. "Some unaffiliated youth have be- come convinced by the conditions in the United States of the need for socialism," Hall said. The Communist Party's present legal status is in the "twilight zone," he said. "Certain features of it have been ruled illegal by the courts, and others haven't." At present 38 states do not allow the Communist Party to run candidates and others have laws which make such activity dif- ficult. The last time the party tried to run candidates, "the Fed- eral Bureau of Investigation and the press harassed the people who signed our petitions, published their names so that they Lost their jobs, and made political action very difficult for them. He said, 1' dwever, that the party is considering running candidates in the 1964 election. WASHINGTON -- The House yesterday, blocked any further United States funds this year for the International Development Association. NEW YORK-The stock market snapped out of a spell of irregular- ity with a late rally yesterday which boosted market averages to new highs. Trading was active. At the end of the day, Dow Jones averages showed 25 railroads up .13, 425 industrials up .22, 50 utilities unchanged, and 500 stocks up .19. INTERNATIONAL PEACE MEAL League Cafeteria Sunday, Mar. 1-5:30-8:00 P.M. Special Guest Speaker: USNSA OFFICER Entertainment Tickets $1.10 available at Union Desk Feb. 26-27 11 A.M.-1 P.M.-4-6 P.M. Feb. 28 11 A.M.-7 P.M. EVERYONE INVITED oI i_ '.lye'.-. I- VVV / Y4 § §" a § § q§ For Ns- The/N:w§ § § S ON See how it glows, with everything! Sandler borrowed this deep, dark reddish-brownish-blackish moccasin color from the boys -- and believe us, it's going to be 5 the Big Fashion Noise. Did you see it in Mademoiselle.? Tomm is the representative from Cole I -ii ONCE Concerts through Sunday VFW BALLROOM d Tonight at 7 and at 10: JUDSON DANCE THEATRE Tickets at Record Center, Disc Shop and Bob Marshall's of California He'll be here with all his swimsuits and sportswear samples and will be glad to take special orders. Marty, of course, is the lovely and well known professional long distance swimming champion who, in 1963, was the first to swim the 35 mi. Suez Canal. Tomm, Marty, and live! models will be showing the collection in the Sportshop I I U TONIGHT AT 8 THE ANNUAL PURIM 'DEBATE' i I I