I
"Well, It Certainly Won't Hurt To ASK Benson
What He's Doing After This Week"
Seventy-First Year
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Warsaw
.
Sh A
./
HAT MOST magnificent and versatile of musical instrume
symphony orchestra-the protestations of keyboard buffs:x
standing-is generally considered to be an American monopd
night's visitors from Warsaw amply demonstrated that cha
seldom squares with reality.
The Warsaw Philharmonic is a first-rate organization,
AY, JANUARY 19, 1961
NIGHT EDITOR: JOHN ROBERTS
ALSA ionors Program
Needs Re-Evaluation
EE LITERARY COLLEGE honors program
will have a new director next semester.
if. Robert C. Angell, who has put in three
rs of hard work creating. and directing
program, will return to sociological re-
rch and teaching on a full-time basis, and
if. Otto G. Graf of the German department
1 take over the directorship of the program.%
certainly Prof. Angell deserves thanks and
emendation at this time for the many
irs of work he has put in with students,
ulty and administrators to improve the
gram. For certainly the program has, under
stewardship, gained in value and use to
students and the University.
3it, at the same time, this is not to say
,t the program may not still have great
ings that could be improved and minor
its that could be 'corrected. And it is to
hoped that Prof. Graf's previous association
,h the Honors Council's executive committee
not keep him from looking at the entire
gram in the new light that only a fresh
ector can see it in.
|RTAINLY THERE ARE many questions
that may be raised about various facets
the program- about their value, their
fulness and their necessity.
everal of these questions are about the
nissions standards of the progam. One is:
Welcome!
HE THREE NEW College Honors courses
welcome additions to the University's cata-
ue. All three-social philosophy and prob-
is of responsibility; concepts of physics; and
chology and literature-deal with important
itemporary issues, intellectual and existen-
L This is an important attribute, which is
t always attainable in courses. The three
imise to shed much relevant light.
Another commendable attribute of the
rses is the imagination with which they
ve been constructed. The social philosophy
I psychology and literature courses promise
be intellectually free-wheeling, bringing to-
her the data and opinion of several disci-
nes. The physics course combines significant
a from within one discipline, presented in
way that is fresh and significant.
t is to be hoped that the University will
Inue to create such courses. The trend today
o combine disciplines or to examine various
ellectual problems through time. Thus
irses in "Tragedy" or "Asia" are offered
universities.
All of these combined courses would not
ve to be for honor students only. In many
artments, the catalogue reveals that the
ventional subjects and divisions form the
lines for the courses. It is unfortunate that
re imagination' is not brought to bear, and
t the selection is not broadened.
)f course, creation of a new course con-
nes a great deal of professorial time and
netimes, a great deal of money. But it is
nething to work for.
L new course seems a little like a new book,
:an offer a great deal of insight simply be-
ise it represents a new approach to a prob-
a. And often the free-wheeling courses are
t INTERESTING.
-PHILIP SHERMAN
are they too high, too low, or at approximately
the proper level?
Prof. Graf has already expressed his opinion.
He has asked that admission standards to the
program be raised in light of the rises in
quality of the students entering the college.
VOWEVER, THERE ARE other points of
view. Certainly if the program was con-
ceived as of benefit to all those who have been
in it, or even to the largest part of them,
there seems to be no theoretical reason why
these benefits should be refused to entering
students of the same quality.
Of course, there may be practical difficulties
in the, enlargement of the program that would
necessarily follow maintenance of the present
standards. Perhaps it is difficult to obtain more
faculty with the particular orientation to and
ability in teaching that is of particular value
to honors students. But a try could be made, it
would seem.
Another' question that may be raised about
the admission standards is: are they biased
in favor of students who did well in high
school, but may do less well in college than
others who are not invited into the program.
HIGH SCHOOL GRADES have become more
and more a criterion for admittance in the
freshman year during Prof. Angell's tenure,
while the part that aptitude and ability tests
have played has gotten smaller.
And since it takes only a 3.0 average to
remain in the program once invited, but a
3.5 average to be invited after the first semes-
ter in the college, a bias becomes more and
more likely.
This is particularly true since when the
same student's grades in honors courses are
correlated with his grades in regular courses,
they are found to be higher. This would
indicate a good possibility that a 3.0 in the
program does not even mean as much as a
3.0 in the rest of the college, much less any-
thing like a 3.5 outside the program.
The admissions standards thus seem some-
what unfair to students who are not invited,
for one reason or another, to enter the pro-
gram immediately upon entering the college.
THERE IS EVEN the possibility that honors
admissions standards ought to be lowered
-or ought to make allowance for voluntary
"try-outs" in the program who would be
given a chance to register for honors courses
they wanted and thought they could benefit
from, but could be dropped if the arrangement
was unsatisfactory.
This is the solution that many colleges have
found for the problems of admissions to honors
programs, a government Office of Education
publication on honors and independent study
programs reports.
The report, "New Dimensions in Higher
Education; Independent Study," states that:
"The tendency to broaden honors programs
has been prompted by the discovery that grade
points were not necessarily good indicators
of the students' ability to profit from such
programs."
It would seem that an investigation of this
point, along with the many other possible
changes in the honors program is in order
now, with a new director taking office and the
first class of seniors in the program about to
graduate.
-ROBERT FARRELL
K
o 9 w rrt,+ roa 'Yos1r
By MICHAEL HARRAH
Daily Staff Writer
AS ANOTHER Presidential elec-
tion passes into history, the
cyclical (once every four years
in January) controversy over the
electoral college once again arises.
Usually the debates, -both pro and
con, are just so much hot 'air,
and the steam dies away with very
little action.
But this time things are dif-
ferent. No less than seven dif-
ferent proposals have comeup to
change the method of electoral
voting, six of which now are
pending action before the Senate
Judiciary Committee.
But now it appears that the
people, or some of them at any
rate, feel they are not being truly
heard in the presidential vote.
City-dwellers claim that country
folk have a disproportionate share
of the votes, simply because of
faulty districting, while the rural
men claim that city folk cripple
the country areas by their large,
concentrated bloc votes. Neither
it appears has a very good argu-
ment.
But it is out of this conflict that
the various proposed amendments
to the constitution have arisen.
* * *
THE MUNDT-THURMOND
Amendment which provides that
"every voter would vote for two
electors at large and for one elec-
tor from his district. .(Each vote
then being counted as a separate
entity, and not welded together in
a state bloc.)" The method of se-
lection of the President would be
the same. Thus, in a state with
15 electoral votes one candidate
could win eight while his oppo-
nent receives the remaining seven.
2) The Chase-Chavez Amend-
ment, which provides for the
nomination and election of the
President by popular vote, thus
doing away with the electoral col-
lege and national conventions.
3) The Johnston Amendment,
which would apportion electoral
votes in direct proportion to the
popular votes, down to the third
decimal point. Each candidate on
the ballot would then get his fair
share.
4) The Dodd Amendment, which
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THURSDAY, JANUARY 19
General Notices
The Early Registration Pass Commit-
tee of the Student Government Council
is now accepting requisitions for Out-
of-Order Registration Passes for Spring
1961 from student organizations. Passes
can be obtained by an interview on
February 7. 8, or 9 for people who nor-
mally work over 15 hours per week
throughout the semester. A letter from
provides that each candidate
should receive a certain percent-
age of the electorial votes, dele-
gated according to the percentage
of the popular vote by states.
5) The Mansfield amendment,
which would abolish the electoral
college, and elect the President by
direct popular vote.
6) The McGee Amendment,
which would abolish the human
electors, letting the electoral col-
lege be just a mathematical en-
tity.
) The Colorado-Michigan pro-
posal, which would work from the
bottom up, so to speak. In other
words, the C-M proposal pro-
vides that each precinct shall tally
its votes and determine a winner.
This winner shall then be assigned
one vote for the precinct and
however many others he wins in
the county. The number of pre-
cincts per candidate is then tallied
in each county and the man re-
ceiving the most votes then car-
ries that county. The same pro-
cess is implemented for the coun-
ties to see who carries the state,
and then the same process is im-
plemented for the states to see
who carries the nation.
NONE OF THE seven plans
would prove a panacea. Someone
could well find fault with all of
them.
The Chase-Chavez Amendment
completely disregards the fact
that any and all parties have a
right to nominate, by whatever
processes they see fit, a candidate
for President. By having a direct
primary for the nomination, the
parties could often be deprived of
the actual choice of the members
of that party. For instance, Rich-
ard Nixon had a pretty clear field
for the GOP nomination by any
count. In a direct primary, he
probably would have won easily.
Therefore, the Republicans, prac-
tically assured of their candidate,
would have no qualms about
crossing party lines and voting in
the, Democratic primary, to try
and throw the balance to a weak
candidate. Democrats could not
do the same to the Republicans,
because their man, John F. Ken-
nedy, had an uphill fight against
many candidates, and every Demo-
cratic vote would be needed.
Thus, the Republicans could
have been successful in nominat-
ing the candidates for both par-
ties, and the Democrats have had
no say in the matter. It could Just
as easily be the other way around.
* * *
THE JOHNSTON AMENDMENT
comes closer to the goal, for it
not only provides every candidate
with his true electoral recognition
(down to three decimal places)
but it also allows the majorities
in some states to combine with the
minorities in others, to present
a truer picture of the popular
vote. However, it fails to take into
account any unfairness there
might be in electoral vote appor-
tionment.
The Dodd Amendment is a not-
quite-so-precise version of the
Johnston Amendment. It serves
the same end, and has the same
faults. Thus it seems to be a sort
of middle ground between the
tors is that one of the electors
might not vote as the results of his
state elections direct him. This is
a remote possibility, and history
has proven it too remote to bother
with.
AS A MATTER of fact, the elec-
tors are well-put as humans for
two reasons: _
First, the electoral seat provides
a good political reward for the
victorious party to give its party
workers.
But, second, if there has been
any hank-panky with the votes,
human electors can review the
situation, whereas mathematical
electors cannot.
Finally, the Colorado-Michigan
Proposal comes closest to being
the way that the founding fathers
intended the electoral college to
be. The C-M proposal would give
each state one vote in the selec-
tion of President. This assures
each state that their voice is equal
with that of every other state, no
matter how large or how small.
In a way, this distorts the voice
of the majority at times, but it
must be pointed out that majority
rule would constitute a pure demo-
cracy, and, in the words of former
President Harry S. Truman: "The
,United States is not a democracy;
it is a republic."
Truman speaks right, for what
he says is so. The United States
was founded, as per the Constitu-
tion, on the concept that each
state would be sovereign and that
the unity would be effected by the
election of representatives of the
people from each state to work
together for the common good.
A pure democracy, on the other
hand, would refer all matters
directly to the people, with no
representatives in between them
and their government. It is easy
to see that we are certainly not a
pure democracy, and thus amend-
ments such as the Mansfield
Amendment, the Chase-Chavez
Amendment could not rightly be
considered.
HOWEVER, IT WOULD seem
that the Mundt - Thurmond
Amendment would come closest
to pleasing all concerned,
This amendment would allow
each district to have its say in-
dividually and independant of the
rest of the states. Now, while this
breaks the country down into
smaller entities than the states,
it still serves the constitutional
purpose of hearing the majority
while protecting the minority.
Thus, with this amendment, a
man could not "squeak by" in
Illinois and carry its entire 27
votes, when he should perhaps
have only 14 of them. It also local-
izes any fraud that may occur, in
that a whole state will not suffer
for the election injustices com-
mitted by a handful of districts.
With the exception of the
Chase-Chavez and Mansfield pro-
posals, there are good things to be
said for all of the above amend-
ments. However, it must be re-
membered, to interpret the Con-
stitution as it was written, this
nation was set up as a federation
of states, bound together willingly
for their common good. Even the
Civil war did not change this. The
CYCLICAL PROBLEM: .
Proposed Electoral Changes'
string section to match any in t
only slightly below this high level
of excellence.
- The program was varied-from
the American and Polish National
Anthems to Brahms, with Sme-
tana, Szymanowski and Tadeusz
Baird in between. Smetana's "Bar-
tered Bride" is a rousing affair, as
was the performance. The inner
voices, often lost in the flood of
notes, were clear and precise and
the violins were brilliant.
ON FIRST hearing, the Szy-
manowski Violin Concerto, Op. 35,
presents little more than a. deft
collection of some very pretty
impressionistic sounds, and I don't
think subsequent hearings would
alter this. But it was an excellent
vehicle for the soloist, Wanda Wil-
komirska.
Her intonation was impeccable,
her bow control equally so, and
she had the most beautiful upper-
register heard in a long time. Her
tone, while somewhat on the small
side, was clean and transparent,
and her vibrato was ideally suited
to the lyricism of the concerto.
I should have preferred more of
a balance between soloist and or-
chestra at times, particularly in
the Vivace assi sections (the work
is cast in one movement), for Miss
Yilkomirska was occasionally lost
In the tuttis. Other than this, the
performance left nothing to be
desired.
THE "FOUR ESSAYS" by Baird
were a potpourri. of orchestral
effects, with man glissandi, trills
and unusual percussion sounds.
There was little variation among
the four, and only some impressive
playing saved the work from bore-
dom.
To a generation bred on Toscan-
ini performances, Mr. Rowicki's
tempi in the Brahms c minor sym-
phony may have been on the slow
side, but Brahms himself would
have approved. What he would
have disproved of, however, were
the ritardandos and accelerandos
that Mr. Rowicki indulged in. This
may be a matter of taste, but I
prefer my Brahms as the master
wrote it. Prejudices aside, the per-
formance was exciting, and once
again the orchestra was splendid.
-David Jordan
CONTEMPT:
Pan ding
Case
PROFESSOR LINUS Pauling's
battle with the Senate Inter-
nal Security Subcommittee over
his refusal, on civil liberties
grounds, to-turn over the names of
scientists who helped him cir-
culate a 11,000-name petition to
the United Nations urging an end
to nuclear testing seems to have
been won.
When the noted scientist declin-
ed again on October 11 to dis-
close the names, the matter was
not further pursued and no con-
tempt citation was ordered by the
sub-committee.
Supreme Court decisions make
it clear that no one may be con-
victed of contempt of Congress
for refusing to supply documents
or answer questions unless the
congressional committee has over-
ruled all objections to answering
and clearly ordered the witness
to do so. Though Prof. Pauling co-
operated with the subcommittee
and answered all its other ques-
tions on October 11 he objected,
through counsel, to supplying the
names of those who helped to
circulate the petition. Senator
Thomas Dood (D-Conn), chair-
man of the subcommittee, who
was conducting the hearings never
passed on the sufficiency of the
objections, which were constitu-
tional in nature.
Senator Dodd's role in subject-
ing Pauling, a Nobel Prize winner
in chemistry and noted physicist,
to interrogation on the petition
has been severely criticized in his
home state by the Connecticut
Civil Liberties Union and the Hart-
ford Times. In an editorial the
Times said: "The argument of the
Civil Liberties Union is well found-
ed on one point especially-that'
the investigatory powers of a Sen-
ate subcommittee are for the pur-;
pose of laying groundwork for
legislation and only for that pur-
pose. They cannot rightly be used
for witch hunts."
The October hearing was the
follow-up to an earlier appear-
ance by Prof. Pauling before the
Internal Security Subcommittee on
June 21. The subcommittee is in-
vestigating the role of the Com-
munist Party in the public cam-,
paign to halt nuclear testing. At
that time Prof. Pauling refused
to turn over the names of those
persons who had helped him cir-
culate the petition ° because, .he
said, they would be subject to re-
prisals and he would be unable
MR. STUART'S FIRST poir
concerning the campus ocq 'e
vative revival" is that BarryGol4
water's "The Conscience of a Coi
servative" is selling unusuafl
,well.
My reply: High sales do -0
necessarily imply total partial, c
any agreement with the ideals w
forth in a book. I, for exampil
have two copies of Goldwater
book myself.
Mr Stuart's second supporti
agrument is that Nixon utpolle
Kennedy in the mock election hel
here prior to November 8.
My reply: First, Cabot Lodi
got more votes than Mr. Nixo
Second, there were an exceeding]
large number of voters who su
ported Mr. Kennedy but repudial
ed his more conservative runni
mate, Lyndon Johnson.
But more important, Mr. Stuart
use of this point demonstrates
fundamental fuzziness in his a
ticle: He ha never clearly define
what he means by "conservative
Hence, he can interpret a vol
for Nixon - who is admitted)
somewhat more conservative the
Kennedy - as an indication
support for the same kind
conservatism that Goldwater ei
pouses. After all, Nixon, qot
Goldwater, is a "me too" liberal.
Mr. Stuart's third supportin
argument is that a consevat
student group, YAF, has bee
formed.
My reply: Formed though
may be, YAF has done little eli
but "adopt" the rather vacuu
Sharon statement and hear May
Creal discuss the problems
municipal government.
IT IS, OF course, possible ai
perhaps probable that YAP m
begin to activate itself. And th
brings me to my final point abo
Mr. Stuart's article.
Faulty arguments aside, thei
has been a smallyincrease in cor
servative activity here. But, th
indicates not a "conservative i'e
vival," as Mr. Stuart would ha
us believe, but a "conservative rT
action."
This "conservative reaction" hi
come about in the wake of a ger
eral increase in student concer
about political issues which ca,
about largely as a result of loc
reverberations of the sit-in nmov
ment
And, due to the effectiveness
resulting liberal student activit
conservatives have grown 'worriE
and are reacting by making then
selves more noticeable,
Conservatives are not, then 11
creasing their numbers as M
Stuart would have us believe. ThE
are, however, being driven out
their silence and inactiity.
And this, Mr. Stuart, Is agoc
thing. For, as I se it, the easies
way to defeat the conervatli
position is to force the conservi
tive to. state it. Just read "Ti
conscience of a Conservative"
you don't believe me, Mr. Stuar
-Roger Seasonwein, '61
Concert...
To the Editor:
S UNDAY'S SymphonyBand co
cert was a mixture of the vei
good and the very bad. The fir
two numbers on the prograi
(Rimsky - Korsakov and Verdi
with the exception "of Mende
solos, were probably the Ino
pleasing ones. They were play
precisely and well.
Rafael Mendez was very excitir
when he could be heard. Unforti
1F
e world, and a wind compler
ILETTERS
to the
EDITOR
Revolution?
To the Editor:
T JIS SUNDAY'S Daily Maga
carried a story concerning
"right wing revolution," authc
by Mr. Peter Stuart.
I presume that this authc
the same Peter Stuart who
us the now famous editorial
titled "Who Else But IkeT
commend him for another
liant piece of satire.
And, yet, I am afraid that
Stuart's satire was perhaps
subtle. Some people-mainly
"unwilling dupes" of Golds
Republicans-have taken it
lously.
Therefore, I wish to dispute
Stuart's view that the conse
tives are rapidly adding to I
numbers in a "conservative
vival."
Dealing solely with Mr. Stu
comments about this Univers
student 'political scene, I a
first state and reply to each
the three arguments with w
Mr. Stuart supports his cont
tion that there is a "conserva
revival."
)M OTHER CAMPUSES:
History Re-enacted in Georgia
[ISTORY is not being made in Georgia to-
day; it is being re-enacted. Legendary his-
rical figures are rising from the dusty past
walk the earth again. We are witnessing not
much what is happening today as what has
ppened for all time.
The traditional forces have gathered for the
ttle; on the edge of the action the world
tches, horrified by the bitterness of the
versaries. The brave and the cowardly are
ere; and so are the hesitant, the undecided,
ose capable of great courage yet fearful of
iploying it.
The brave students, Charlayne Hunter and
amilton Holmes, neither of them having
ached their twentieth year, stand before their
emies with a courage that is quiet and terri-
ing; because it is a courage of suppressing
e hatred and fear of the heart, a courage
at gnaws at the very marrow of the spirit,
wing often only wasted tears and futile
wiles.
'HE JUDGE, W. A. Bootle, the guardian of
the law, who defies his very people, to up-
dd that with which he has been trusted. He
fers the ultimate burden of be.ring the
tred of his fellows because he is committed
an intangible law in which he believes.
The weak and cowardly, the students and
eir cohorts. They fight a battle not as indi-
shake the responsibilities of mankind. They
pervert humanity until its ugly face grins not
as that of the few but of the many.
A ND THE HESITANT, the undecided, Gover-
nor Ernest Vandiver. In him is the material
for heroism and greatness, and the barrier of
fear and self-interest. A good, kindly man, he
is bound by the emptying statements of an
election campaign and by the stigma which
shackles his entire state. Yet there is in him,
irrevocably, the genius of courage; and there
is on him, equally irrevocably, the burden of
decision. This is the heaviest burden of all.
This is the burden which weighs far more
greatly than that held by Judge Bootle or
the Negro students on their white adversaries.
Governor Vandiver is the great historical fig-
ure, the man caught between warring factions.
His commitment is a difficult one.
AT STAKE in this Georgia battle are all the
hopes of America that have been dashed
to the ground since first they were expressed.
The hope. of peace for all, the hope of equality,
the hope of courage, the hope of democracy--
all of these hopes, and all of the fears which
accompany them, are being tested in Athens,
the quiet college town in Georgia.
The eyes of the world are watching Athens,
but these are not the most important observers.
The eyes of history are watching Athens . -