Students Aware of University
Seventieth Year
EDrrED AND MANAGED BYS TUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
ins Az Pre UNDER AUTHORITY of BOARD IN CONTROL OFS TUDENT PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT PULICATIONS BLDo. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. " Phone No 2-3241
s printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
0
LY AUGUlTST 10, 1960
NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL BURNS
kA"
The Daily and the University:
Autoniomous, Interassociated
WITH THIS I5SUE, The Michigan Daily
commences its seventy-first year of publi-
ation
In the early times both The Daily and the
Jniversity it served were considerably smaller,
ind undoubtedly less complex. But through
he years both have evolved, sometimes in dis-
irganlzed fashion, until today they stand on or
Lbout the summits of their respective realms:
be University arong Anierican colleges, The
)aily among American college newspapers. In
he course of their parallel development, The
Daily and the University have found them.-
elves greatly interdependent.
The University must depend on The Daily to
erform a number of interrelated functions
which, collectively, have considerable impact
n the community,
A NEWSJOURNAL, The Daily is the
greatest single source of Information for
nembers of the community. People have tradi-
,ionally used the word "mirror" to describe The
"aily's operation. The Daily reflects, to the
broadest degree it can, the diversity of a ka-
eidoscopic University-in coverage of both the
Immediate, fast-breaking news and examina-
tion of long-range, perhaps theoretic, problems
And issues. Working in basically a "one-news-
paper" locale, The Daily concentrates its
coverage on the three chief inhabitants of the
community-the student, the teacher, the ad-
ministrator.
As an influential and creative force. The
Daily openly evauates the news and is capable
of supplying either direction or coordination
within the community. What the Daily edi-
torial writer may sometimes lack in historical
sense, he often compensates for in freshness
of opinion. Through his opinions, he may
contribute demonstrably to University activity.
For example, The Daily was highly influential
tn the original development of Student Gov-
ernment Council, and the Regental adoption
of the latest Council plan.
A8 A UNIFYING instrument, The Daily is
the University's one common property (be-
sides, perhaps, the football team), and thus
p95O5~s the unique opportunity to be not only
Fa ca1 point but an open forum within an
ie fragmented population. .
.A .n organic unit of the University dedi-
cated t~ its educational ends, The Daily at-
tempts to prOmote the development of a
potent intellectual community.
For these services, the University depends
on The Daily. But in the process, several re-
sponsibilities to the University accrue to The
Daily.
F'IRT, as the community's only common
Journal of opinion, The Daily must take
deep responsibility for seeing no reasonable
point of view is denied publication. The dec-
'When OpinioE
SHEN OPINIONS are free, truth' will pre-
vail." John Stuart Mill's assertion is not
only editorial policy; it is the guiding policy
of the newspaper.
The Daily must interpret and comment on
the news if it would gain depth. It cannot
presume to dictate what the community should
think. If its editorials present only one view
of the administration, the Presidential election
r fraternity rushng, The Daily may right be
called based, Suhl coverage implies there is
but one opinion on these subjects.
THOUGHTFUL involvement in the interests
of the community shown in the editorial
columns will make The Daily a forceful, free
Instrument for that community. Self-interest
has no place in The Daily's operation. As the
single voice for many readers, The Daily Is
under little competitive pressure. It is under
no form of University censorship and respects
no lobbying pressures, Unexamined from with-
out, it must be self-critical.
The Daily's most Important ideal is objective
evaluation from within, self-criticism without
personal interest.
STRINGENTLY applied, this ideal can pre-
serve the free play of opinion which enables
The Daily to avoid arbiting truth to the com-
Editorial Staff
THOMAS HAYDEN, Editor
NAN MARKEL JEAN SPENCER
City Editor Editorial Director
JUDITH DONNER .......,.........Personnel Director
THOMAS KABAKER ................ Magazine Editor
THOMAS WITECKI ............,....... Sports Editor
KENNETH McELDOWNEY .., Associate City Editor
laration of the editorial page, as borrowed
from Mill-"where opinions are free, truth
will prevail"--symbolizes The Daily's essential
liberalism. It is committed to the articulation
of divergent views rather than to expression of
completely arbitrary opinion.
Second, The Daily's news judgment should
generally conform to the standards of its ex-
traordinary readership - an intellectual one.
Hence The Daily's emphasis will be on those
events having serious implications for the Uni-
versity, the nation, or for the world rather
than on a so-called "senational" item, such as
a quiz-show winner or a divorce case.
Third, it is important to realize the Uni-
versity community has granted The Daily its
freedom to exist as an independent journal.
In turn, it is The Daily's overarching obliga-
tion to the community to exercise its journal-
istic freedom with maturity and in good taste.
IN EXERCISING its independence, The Daily
will inevitably criticize the policy or practice
of either the University or one of its various
elements. The intent of such criticism is not
simply to complain or decry, but to improve.
As an organ of the community, The Dair is
dedicated to increasing the greatness of the
University of Michigan. Towards this end, it
must sometimes criticize, and attempt to
change, various aspects of the University en-
vironment. The greatness of an institution
emerges not from uniformity of thought but
from interacting tensions and critical discus-
sions about its goals and purposes. If The
Daily contributes to such interaction, it will
not only be functioning as a strong, free and
responsible newspaper, but it will also be ful-
filling a major duty of. any member of this
community-serious evaluation.
Such, then, is the nature of the relationship
between The Daily and the University. At the
base of that relationship is something of a
paradox-as much as the two insttutins are
interdependent, they are at the same time quite
autonomous,'The Daily being traditionally free
of censorship or any other inhibiting relation-
ship with the University. Besides their mutual
dependence and autonomy, both institutions
share a broad goal-to disseminate knowledge
and analyze its implications.
THE GOALS of The Daily, finally, are Ideal-
istic and perhaps not wholly achievable.
The Daily must work earnestly toward such
goals, however, and its quality as a newspaper
should be measured by what progress it makes.
Seen in this way, The Daily is more than
simply a "mirror" of the University; a mirror
only passively reflects the scene before it, while
The Daily must both reflect and actively in-
terpret. Further, The Daily should be more
than simply' a student newspaper; it can be a
vigorously participating member of the Uni-
versity community.
-THOMAS HAYDEN
Editor
is are Free .. .
munity. Principles of selection, which must
obviously be exercised over expressions of opin-
ion submitted to The Daily, may in inferred
from it. And since this necessary selectivity is
the greatest threat to freedom of opinion in
The Daily, the criteria assume vital importance.
There are several philosophies of handling
the editorial columns of a newspaper. One has
interpretation of news as its prime object.
Another is independent, random choice among
editorial offerings.
The Daily's approach takes a greater meas-
ure of responsibility than either.
1HE DAILY feels an involvement in the
community rare among newspapers. It is a
student newspaper and a University organ, and
as such identifies its interests with those of
both the University and its students. Since
these interests at once overlap and conflict,
The Daily's responsibility is the greater.
This interpretation of the Mill statement is
a broad and demanding one. It is frequently
misread and whittled to mean that The Daily
has promised to cover all views equally. This
would be impossible, unfeasible and irrespon-
sible. It is axiomatic that a balance of opinions
in no way implies representative or even cover-
age.
The Daily must be able to assert itself against
those who would claim equal time for conflict-
ing views in all situations, for this kind of
improper influence is more dangerous than
lobbying. Lobbies press for one-sided coverage
with one direction, but those who advocate
balance of interests would rob editorial cover-
age of any direction. As The Daily's freedom
implies responsibility, so does its responsibility
demand freedom.
NOR IS IT ENOUGH to act responsibly from
day to day. It is not enough that selection
of editorials be true and impartial and in good
THE ISSUES that will provide
the Daily's editorial and news
columns with matter relevant and
important to students and the
University in the coming year will
probably arise from a few broad
problem areas. These areas of con-
troversy are largely inevitable -
in a community as diverse and
special in nature as the University,
conflict and controversy are
bound to arise.
The University's first and im-
mediate problem is its rapidly in-
creasing size and complexity. En-
rollment for fall will probably
top 25,000. University President
Harlan H. Hatcher has not ex-
pressed alarm at the University's
precipitate growth; he rather
tends to look favorably on It. But
other factors in the community
point out alarming aspects of fur-
ther expansion: facilities will be-
come inadequate more quickly,
housing and parking problems will
be critical, education will tend to-
ward mass production. The state
is attempting to get back on its
feet after a serious financial buf-
feting; as education costs rise and
enrollment increases, the Univer-
sity will find it more difficult to
meet its budget and faculty losses
will be sustained. The serious
problem of fragmentation - lack
of communication among the vari-
ous parts of the loose framework
of the University's schools and
colleges -- will be more acute.
* * *
THE ENROLLMENT increase
partially explained by the first
wave of war babies hitting Ameri-
ca's compuses will have serious
effects also. Officials recently
have discussed cutting the propor-
tion of out-of-state enrollment.
This measure raises several ques-
tions. Will the University really
be best living up to its responsibil-
ity to state students by cutting the
outside ratio? Won't the Univers-
ty lose some high quality ma-
terial (out-of-state admissions
exams apply more selective pres-
sure) and endanger what some
writers term its "cosmopolitan na-
ture" which sets it above other
state-supported schools?
The ratio cut plus the tuition
raise - the bruntof which will
be borne by out-of-staters -- are
perhaps necessary, perhaps un-
necessarily expedient: time will
tell.
From time to time the Universi-
ty's hardworking and largely con-
scientious administrators are open
to criticism because their plans fit
day-to-day problems with piece-
meal solutions and neglect long-
range programs and objectives.
Expedience and patchwork ailmin-
istration will necessarily result
from any significant increase in
size and complexity of the Uni-
versity, however.
.STUDENT Government Council
reflected national student trends
in passing a regulation banning
discriminatory membership selec-
tion practices in student organiza-
tions, including sororities and
fraternities.
The Council also implemented
a University Regents' Bylaw pass-
ed last November, pledging the
University to work to eliminate
bias in all areas.
The new ruling replaces a 1949
rule outlawing such bias in or-
ganizations seeking recognition
but not touching on already rec-
ognized groups. The new regula-
tion mwill establish a student-
faculty-administration committee
of seven to arbitrate cases of al-
legedhediscrimination. This group
will hear evidence and present a
recommendation to the Council,
which will then vote whether to
maintain or withdraw recognition
and its privileges.
* *
THE ABORTIVE history of ac-
tion regarding the case of Sigma
Kappa sorority originally arous-
ed the Council's concern with
finding a new ruling.
Student Government Council
twice decided that Sigma Kappa
stood in violation of University
recognition standards. The sorori-
ty was given time to work on its
problem, but eventually the Coun-
cil was forced to vote to with-
draw recognition. The Board in
Review - a student-faculty-ad-
ministration committee empower-
ed to reconsider Council actions -
was called and reversed the de-
cision.
All kinds of controversy broke
forth. Was the Council within its
rights in making the decision?
Reawakening Interest in Issues
Was the Board in Review acting
within its rights in reversing it,
or was its grounds for the reversal
illegal?
* 9 *S
THE MATTER was glossed over.
A committee was set up to iron
out difficulties, vagueness and
ambiguity in the SGC plan, and
a new plan was arrived at which
included one more ground for re-
versal or review: "unreasonable
action", as well as jurisdictional
or procedural irregularity. The
Board in Review was replaced by
a Committee On Referral with a
more even balance of interests-
student, faculty and administra-
tion.
The new ground for reviewing
New Frontier
4 ~ -
LI ~ CA-IT-
/
Ann Arborites May
By MICHAEL WENTWORTH
The cultural life of Ann Arbor,
if you don't count the flicks, fails
into three main catagories: music,
drama, and museums. Taken to-
gether they offer the student and
local gentry a fairly diverse
sample of the current artistic
scene.
With so much going on, even
the most avid art-taster can sand-
wich a tremendous amount of
musical, dramatic, and visual ex-
perience between studying in the
Union and socializing at the
UGLI.
On the musical front, The
Choral Union Series and the Extra
Concert Series take the lead in
sheer number and fill Hill Audi-
torium to capacity for a strange
and wonderful array of first-and
second-rate orchestras and solo-
ists. The coming year will feature
such attractions as the Boston
,. ... .