Students Aware of University Seventieth Year EDrrED AND MANAGED BYS TUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ins Az Pre UNDER AUTHORITY of BOARD IN CONTROL OFS TUDENT PUBLICATIONS STUDENT PULICATIONS BLDo. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. " Phone No 2-3241 s printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. 0 LY AUGUlTST 10, 1960 NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL BURNS kA" The Daily and the University: Autoniomous, Interassociated WITH THIS I5SUE, The Michigan Daily commences its seventy-first year of publi- ation In the early times both The Daily and the Jniversity it served were considerably smaller, ind undoubtedly less complex. But through he years both have evolved, sometimes in dis- irganlzed fashion, until today they stand on or Lbout the summits of their respective realms: be University arong Anierican colleges, The )aily among American college newspapers. In he course of their parallel development, The Daily and the University have found them.- elves greatly interdependent. The University must depend on The Daily to erform a number of interrelated functions which, collectively, have considerable impact n the community, A NEWSJOURNAL, The Daily is the greatest single source of Information for nembers of the community. People have tradi- ,ionally used the word "mirror" to describe The "aily's operation. The Daily reflects, to the broadest degree it can, the diversity of a ka- eidoscopic University-in coverage of both the Immediate, fast-breaking news and examina- tion of long-range, perhaps theoretic, problems And issues. Working in basically a "one-news- paper" locale, The Daily concentrates its coverage on the three chief inhabitants of the community-the student, the teacher, the ad- ministrator. As an influential and creative force. The Daily openly evauates the news and is capable of supplying either direction or coordination within the community. What the Daily edi- torial writer may sometimes lack in historical sense, he often compensates for in freshness of opinion. Through his opinions, he may contribute demonstrably to University activity. For example, The Daily was highly influential tn the original development of Student Gov- ernment Council, and the Regental adoption of the latest Council plan. A8 A UNIFYING instrument, The Daily is the University's one common property (be- sides, perhaps, the football team), and thus p95O5~s the unique opportunity to be not only Fa ca1 point but an open forum within an ie fragmented population. . .A .n organic unit of the University dedi- cated t~ its educational ends, The Daily at- tempts to prOmote the development of a potent intellectual community. For these services, the University depends on The Daily. But in the process, several re- sponsibilities to the University accrue to The Daily. F'IRT, as the community's only common Journal of opinion, The Daily must take deep responsibility for seeing no reasonable point of view is denied publication. The dec- 'When OpinioE SHEN OPINIONS are free, truth' will pre- vail." John Stuart Mill's assertion is not only editorial policy; it is the guiding policy of the newspaper. The Daily must interpret and comment on the news if it would gain depth. It cannot presume to dictate what the community should think. If its editorials present only one view of the administration, the Presidential election r fraternity rushng, The Daily may right be called based, Suhl coverage implies there is but one opinion on these subjects. THOUGHTFUL involvement in the interests of the community shown in the editorial columns will make The Daily a forceful, free Instrument for that community. Self-interest has no place in The Daily's operation. As the single voice for many readers, The Daily Is under little competitive pressure. It is under no form of University censorship and respects no lobbying pressures, Unexamined from with- out, it must be self-critical. The Daily's most Important ideal is objective evaluation from within, self-criticism without personal interest. STRINGENTLY applied, this ideal can pre- serve the free play of opinion which enables The Daily to avoid arbiting truth to the com- Editorial Staff THOMAS HAYDEN, Editor NAN MARKEL JEAN SPENCER City Editor Editorial Director JUDITH DONNER .......,.........Personnel Director THOMAS KABAKER ................ Magazine Editor THOMAS WITECKI ............,....... Sports Editor KENNETH McELDOWNEY .., Associate City Editor laration of the editorial page, as borrowed from Mill-"where opinions are free, truth will prevail"--symbolizes The Daily's essential liberalism. It is committed to the articulation of divergent views rather than to expression of completely arbitrary opinion. Second, The Daily's news judgment should generally conform to the standards of its ex- traordinary readership - an intellectual one. Hence The Daily's emphasis will be on those events having serious implications for the Uni- versity, the nation, or for the world rather than on a so-called "senational" item, such as a quiz-show winner or a divorce case. Third, it is important to realize the Uni- versity community has granted The Daily its freedom to exist as an independent journal. In turn, it is The Daily's overarching obliga- tion to the community to exercise its journal- istic freedom with maturity and in good taste. IN EXERCISING its independence, The Daily will inevitably criticize the policy or practice of either the University or one of its various elements. The intent of such criticism is not simply to complain or decry, but to improve. As an organ of the community, The Dair is dedicated to increasing the greatness of the University of Michigan. Towards this end, it must sometimes criticize, and attempt to change, various aspects of the University en- vironment. The greatness of an institution emerges not from uniformity of thought but from interacting tensions and critical discus- sions about its goals and purposes. If The Daily contributes to such interaction, it will not only be functioning as a strong, free and responsible newspaper, but it will also be ful- filling a major duty of. any member of this community-serious evaluation. Such, then, is the nature of the relationship between The Daily and the University. At the base of that relationship is something of a paradox-as much as the two insttutins are interdependent, they are at the same time quite autonomous,'The Daily being traditionally free of censorship or any other inhibiting relation- ship with the University. Besides their mutual dependence and autonomy, both institutions share a broad goal-to disseminate knowledge and analyze its implications. THE GOALS of The Daily, finally, are Ideal- istic and perhaps not wholly achievable. The Daily must work earnestly toward such goals, however, and its quality as a newspaper should be measured by what progress it makes. Seen in this way, The Daily is more than simply a "mirror" of the University; a mirror only passively reflects the scene before it, while The Daily must both reflect and actively in- terpret. Further, The Daily should be more than simply' a student newspaper; it can be a vigorously participating member of the Uni- versity community. -THOMAS HAYDEN Editor is are Free .. . munity. Principles of selection, which must obviously be exercised over expressions of opin- ion submitted to The Daily, may in inferred from it. And since this necessary selectivity is the greatest threat to freedom of opinion in The Daily, the criteria assume vital importance. There are several philosophies of handling the editorial columns of a newspaper. One has interpretation of news as its prime object. Another is independent, random choice among editorial offerings. The Daily's approach takes a greater meas- ure of responsibility than either. 1HE DAILY feels an involvement in the community rare among newspapers. It is a student newspaper and a University organ, and as such identifies its interests with those of both the University and its students. Since these interests at once overlap and conflict, The Daily's responsibility is the greater. This interpretation of the Mill statement is a broad and demanding one. It is frequently misread and whittled to mean that The Daily has promised to cover all views equally. This would be impossible, unfeasible and irrespon- sible. It is axiomatic that a balance of opinions in no way implies representative or even cover- age. The Daily must be able to assert itself against those who would claim equal time for conflict- ing views in all situations, for this kind of improper influence is more dangerous than lobbying. Lobbies press for one-sided coverage with one direction, but those who advocate balance of interests would rob editorial cover- age of any direction. As The Daily's freedom implies responsibility, so does its responsibility demand freedom. NOR IS IT ENOUGH to act responsibly from day to day. It is not enough that selection of editorials be true and impartial and in good THE ISSUES that will provide the Daily's editorial and news columns with matter relevant and important to students and the University in the coming year will probably arise from a few broad problem areas. These areas of con- troversy are largely inevitable - in a community as diverse and special in nature as the University, conflict and controversy are bound to arise. The University's first and im- mediate problem is its rapidly in- creasing size and complexity. En- rollment for fall will probably top 25,000. University President Harlan H. Hatcher has not ex- pressed alarm at the University's precipitate growth; he rather tends to look favorably on It. But other factors in the community point out alarming aspects of fur- ther expansion: facilities will be- come inadequate more quickly, housing and parking problems will be critical, education will tend to- ward mass production. The state is attempting to get back on its feet after a serious financial buf- feting; as education costs rise and enrollment increases, the Univer- sity will find it more difficult to meet its budget and faculty losses will be sustained. The serious problem of fragmentation - lack of communication among the vari- ous parts of the loose framework of the University's schools and colleges -- will be more acute. * * * THE ENROLLMENT increase partially explained by the first wave of war babies hitting Ameri- ca's compuses will have serious effects also. Officials recently have discussed cutting the propor- tion of out-of-state enrollment. This measure raises several ques- tions. Will the University really be best living up to its responsibil- ity to state students by cutting the outside ratio? Won't the Univers- ty lose some high quality ma- terial (out-of-state admissions exams apply more selective pres- sure) and endanger what some writers term its "cosmopolitan na- ture" which sets it above other state-supported schools? The ratio cut plus the tuition raise - the bruntof which will be borne by out-of-staters -- are perhaps necessary, perhaps un- necessarily expedient: time will tell. From time to time the Universi- ty's hardworking and largely con- scientious administrators are open to criticism because their plans fit day-to-day problems with piece- meal solutions and neglect long- range programs and objectives. Expedience and patchwork ailmin- istration will necessarily result from any significant increase in size and complexity of the Uni- versity, however. .STUDENT Government Council reflected national student trends in passing a regulation banning discriminatory membership selec- tion practices in student organiza- tions, including sororities and fraternities. The Council also implemented a University Regents' Bylaw pass- ed last November, pledging the University to work to eliminate bias in all areas. The new ruling replaces a 1949 rule outlawing such bias in or- ganizations seeking recognition but not touching on already rec- ognized groups. The new regula- tion mwill establish a student- faculty-administration committee of seven to arbitrate cases of al- legedhediscrimination. This group will hear evidence and present a recommendation to the Council, which will then vote whether to maintain or withdraw recognition and its privileges. * * THE ABORTIVE history of ac- tion regarding the case of Sigma Kappa sorority originally arous- ed the Council's concern with finding a new ruling. Student Government Council twice decided that Sigma Kappa stood in violation of University recognition standards. The sorori- ty was given time to work on its problem, but eventually the Coun- cil was forced to vote to with- draw recognition. The Board in Review - a student-faculty-ad- ministration committee empower- ed to reconsider Council actions - was called and reversed the de- cision. All kinds of controversy broke forth. Was the Council within its rights in making the decision? Reawakening Interest in Issues Was the Board in Review acting within its rights in reversing it, or was its grounds for the reversal illegal? * 9 *S THE MATTER was glossed over. A committee was set up to iron out difficulties, vagueness and ambiguity in the SGC plan, and a new plan was arrived at which included one more ground for re- versal or review: "unreasonable action", as well as jurisdictional or procedural irregularity. The Board in Review was replaced by a Committee On Referral with a more even balance of interests- student, faculty and administra- tion. The new ground for reviewing New Frontier 4 ~ - LI ~ CA-IT- / Ann Arborites May By MICHAEL WENTWORTH The cultural life of Ann Arbor, if you don't count the flicks, fails into three main catagories: music, drama, and museums. Taken to- gether they offer the student and local gentry a fairly diverse sample of the current artistic scene. With so much going on, even the most avid art-taster can sand- wich a tremendous amount of musical, dramatic, and visual ex- perience between studying in the Union and socializing at the UGLI. On the musical front, The Choral Union Series and the Extra Concert Series take the lead in sheer number and fill Hill Audi- torium to capacity for a strange and wonderful array of first-and second-rate orchestras and solo- ists. The coming year will feature such attractions as the Boston ,. ... .