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Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
TUESDAY, JANUARY 17, 1967
NIGHT EDITOR: SUSAN SCHNEPP
. ..... i
Reagan Fights Progress
In California's "Universities
CALIFORNIA'S unenlightened despot,
Ronald Reagan, will submit his first
budget to the. state legislature on Jan.
30. In a deliberate attempt to reinforce
the convictions of his critics, who claimed
he was inexperienced and ignorant about
most state matters, Reagan will call for
a 10 per cent slash in state spending,
which would include an $86 million cut
from what the Regents asked for Cali-
fornia's excellent university system.
Besides the uproar created by the aus-
tere measures Reagan has proposed, the
University of California Regents Will be
faced with the problem of considering a
tuition charge. (The California system is
presently considered "tuition-free," al-
though students presently pay $248 per
year in "incidental fees.")
A BUDGET SLASH to the state educa-
tional system of the size Gov. Reagan
is recommending would have a paralyzing
effect on many of its institutions, includ-
ing its largest campus at Berkeley. The
University of California is operating on
$241 million this year, and the Board of
Regents have called for $278 million next
year, which covers an enrollment in-.
crease of 9700. But Gov. Reagan has pro-
posed $234 million for next year. (Only
$192 million of this is in state fees; the
remainder is in anticipated tuition and
special funds.)
Of course, the final budget will be the
product of a Democratic legislature, and,
as a reporter at the Daily Californian, the
Berkeley student newspaper, indicated
last night, the legislators will probably
restore most of the proposed reductions.
Nevertheless, there has been consider-
able conjecture in the state of how the
universities could compensate for a huge
slash in their budgets. The most fre-
quent answer is to raise tuition to $400.
This would heighten the in-state costs to
over $600 which, when added to the
room and board rates of $1500, would put
California into the "very expensive" class
among state institutions.
THE RESISTANCE to a higher tuition
rate in the California schools is strong.
The Academic Senate at the Berkeley
campus came out against such a move,
and at the last Board of Regents meet-
ing, there was violent opposition to a
tuition charge. State Assembly Speaker
Jessie Unruh headed a committee which-
examined the tuition situation and urged
no tuition for at least two more years.
The threat of a massive budget cut
and tuition hike sparked protests on the
state's nine university and 1 college cam-
puses. The New York Times reported
that Reagan's fiscal cuts would "preclude
admission of 55,000 prospective students
this fall."
THE INITIAL REACTION of the facul-
ty, according to one Berkeley source,
was fear that faculty salaries would be
seriously cut. "Rumors have it that re-
cruiters from other universities have been
out all around here," a Daily Cal reporter
said, "searching for professors wary of
the situation."
Students also were protesting at vari-
ous schools around the state about Rea-
gan's proposals. A protest at Long Beach
State College drew 5000 students, carry-
ing placards that read, "Progress WAS
our most important product." Demonstra-
tions of 2000 at Valley State College and
1500 at San Jose State College, reflected
what one student called the "unanimity
among students" against the governor's
proposals.
WHAT ALL THIS MEANS, of course, is
that the people of California have
placed in Sacramento a man whose sense
of values is badly out of step with the
times. These are the crucial years that
will test whether mass education on the
college level can really work, as it tries
to educate the post-war baby boom with
a measure of excellence. Also, Ronald
Reagan apparently sees no correlation
between the Nobel laureates at Berkeley
and UCLA and the $400 million in federal
funds and new industry that annually
flood the state. For, in his attempt at
break-neck economizing, he may be doing
serious hardto the educational system.
THE BOARD OF REGENTS will meet at
Berkeley on Thursday and Friday, and
students there have scheduled rallies to
display their objection to a tuition pro-
posal. But among the Regents is Gov.
Reagan himself; who seems to be the
spirit behind the whole mess.
Perhaps their arguments can get across
to him before he makes any further at-
tacks on the presently excellent state ed-
ucational system.
--ROBERT KLIVANS
.::.. ,fr,.S. . . :.... ... .:.. . .t'."tw .?:F," Kcm \.; ,." r
4POWERS
POETR Why Investigate Demtocracy at Work?
POETRY by MARK R. KILLINGSWORTH
STATE SENATE Majority Lead- student syndicalist uprisings which form, namely the opportunity for 1antagonistic to the purposes of a having to make up one's mind and
'er Emil Lockwood (R-St. Louis) the working paper foresees, Indeed, an effective student voice in Uni- great institution. It is. indeed, working with others to establish
has sent his colleagues a copy of the most important part about the versity decisions, central to those purposes, both as a policy is an integral part of the
a Students for Democratic Socie- working paper is that it is merely a means and as an end In itself. tdea of a university as a place of
ty (SDS) working paper along a working paper. It was never TO A DEGREE, of course, the There are at least two reasons education and free inquiry. It
with a cover letter Implying that adopted by the national SDS, and University administration itself has why this is so. First, unless we would be absurd to teach students
the University might be worth an most local SDS members have nev- in the past lent credibility to the have utterly abandoned our faith :.he value of inquiry and then ex-
investigation. er heard of it (although the con- idea of the working paper as the in democracy and repealed the pect them not to question exist-
But what is there to investigate? servatives on Student Government "Mein Kampf" of the student Declaration of Independence, we ing policies: it would be danger-
Apparently the legislator, like a pouncil have apparently learned movement. President Hatcher par- as Americans usually believe in the ous to deny them the opportuni-
few of our less-intelligent Regents, it by heart>. ticularly has indicated concern democratic process-the idea that ty to help make difficult decisions
has taken offense at some of the that the events here reflect the people who are going to be af- and to help change policies.
working paper's proposals. These ABOUT THlE ONLY tactic which thinking and are patterned after Fected by decisions should help Yet education in decision-mak-
include "dormitory sleep - outs, students here used which is re- the suggestions of the working pa- make them. ing--far more so than education
"freedom" parties in restricted motely similar to those urged in per. Thus we provide for universal in Chinese history or integral cal-
apartments, non-violently seizing the SDS paper was the sit-in, crdiu-te-ufrgehTusLndn onsntn culus - has importance for each
thebuildig 0housng Ies ma whch nearlysall other protest administration 0doent e h e stuctsg hs comisson Johnseec- U(orsc it s dec isiop-making
paigning to mutilate IBM cards, membership of voice is about 80 Much more to yits ce ditn ithas tive service reform to pay partic- for themselves and as part of the
msutingersio als"nonol tatedst n ey stinmot ofr acted on real and legitimat ular attention to student views. University community, which stu-
moty attempsting o occup anndwhom kncpaew wh theyti were do grievances of students to set up Thus Harlan Hatcher sets up a dents have here, will In large
libeyratthestudnto newsppy and 1520 ofe whom he were' Voice avenues for potential reform. commission on University decision- aieasure determine the intellIgence
member.u2 wn Hopefully most legislators will, makg nsto etablish a new cam- ad value of their decions, as in
'Nor has the student movement similarly, begin to doubt that a pu osiuin divityl ahnd as maembrsdoftso.
THE DAILY has often felt that here sought as a goal the "aboli- vast SDS student syndicalist con-
it is under siege, but never by the lion of the grade system," which spiracy is imminent here. But they YET THERE IS another rea- SHOULD the Legislature decide
student syndicalists .which Rep. the SDS paper says "should serve may be concerned about the im- son, and it relates directly to the to investigate the University, the
Lockwood seems to think are lurk- as the 'umbrella' issue for a stu- plications for the University of nature of the University as an ed- administration, the faculty and the
ing underneath our desks. (Of dent syndicalist movement." wvhat the demonstrations here ucational institution. For absorb- students will tell them that in-
course, there are some who think Instead it sought an end to have achieved, namely the oppor- ing facts, weighing evidence and volving students in decision-mak-
the syndicalists are sitting at our two abuses-the administration's tunity for an effective decision- taking stands on important policy ing is central both to our faith in
desks, but on balance this seems failure to take student opinion making role for students. issues in the University are as democracy and our concept of ed-
equally implausible.) Into account on class ranking and much "education" as a nine o'clock ucation. Which could, perhaps, be
Nor, for that matter, has the on disciplinary rules (specifically BUT A STUDENT voice in the lecture in Art History, a learning experience for the Leg-
University seen any of the other a sit-in ban)--and one major re- University decision-making is not Having to make hard judgments, Islature.
Letters: Michigan's Newest Tourist Trap
To the Editor: themselves with felonies. Rule ed a rarety in the residence hall hall as I. Now my room-mate and edge.
A CCORDING TO a news releasechanges during the past forty system; I am a senior who is not I are the only seniors in our en- I accuse those who composed
of last Friday, the University years have dealt much more an RA and am living In a Quad. tire house. I have seen them leave 'the test of disrupting the Rhythm
plans to found a "unique insti- harshly with Jay Gould's practices Over the three and one half years and I know people closely who 'of Education. This rhythm, as de-
wtution" which will serve to resur- than with Rube Waddell's. that I have been living in the halls have left. 'fined by Whitehead, is of three
rect from obscurity the names of sI have been constantly aware of a And the exodus has been for stages: romans, precision, and, fi-
fenry Ford, John D. Rockefeller, SOME OF THE problems will Quaddy's need for a little privacy reasons arising from decisions by nally, generalization. The examin-
Andrew Carnegie, and others who be resolved by adopting the policy -a need never even approached the Board of Governors and others Inatlon I took should have been
have made their marks in the that a candidate is eligible for by the old open-open policies- in charge of residence halls that given at the stageeof precision; it
business world, the Hall if his business technique Then moving into South Quad have shown as callous and naive tested my accumulation of precise
It was stated that the "Business were lawful when he practiced last year I could see for the first an attitude toward students 'knowledge, the technical skills re-
Hall of Fame" would become "one them. Many cases cannot be time that a genuine effort was that apparently manifested in this quired to manipulate symbols. It
of the leading tourist attractions handled so simply. If the convic- being made by a residence hall most recent decision, neglected to test those concepts
in Michigan" (Bizneyland?). tion of Billie Sol Estes Is never director, in the person of Mr. which give the calculus essence.
There are many important overturned, then he should prob- Thomas Fox, to start to meet this IT IS OF little need to com-
questions that University scholars ably be excluded, since one of the need. ment on the decline in the more ..THE CHOSEN dismissal of
may wish to ponder in connection stated aims of the Hall is to be "an And this new visiting hours p1o- abstract quality of life, in the these essential concepts on the
with this undertaking, but I will inspiration to students." icy was fari from being "too liber- dorms that has come about follow- final caused me to doubt the im-
draw attention to only one prob-a My advisor in these matters, al." It included a corridor peti- ing the exodus of the upper-class portance and relevance of mathe-
lem, having to do with the selec- Mr. Andrew Undershaft, has sug- tioning to have visiting hours and men. It is a fact brought home to sdatics to human knowledge.
tion of "honorees." gested one minor change in the signing in and signing out with me time and time again through From the author of the icourse
The problem has arisen several selection policy which may prove the corridor staff man, among my work In the Inter House As- 'text and from my professor, both
times during the selection of mem- helpful n dealing with this kind other restrictions. A student just sembly. men who taught according to this
bers for the Baseball Hall of of case. Instead of requiring that couldn't have a visitor of the OP- And to foster the exodus of what rhythm, I had discovered the con-
ame, and is likely to confront a candidate shall have been dead posite sex in his room at any time. few upperclassme remain, gentle- cepts underlying the subject's
the selection committe of the new for five years," the comitee men of the Board of Governors, mechanics; therefore to find
enterprise at almost every turn. coull require only that "five years THEN THE BOARD of Gov- and the Office Housing as well, these principles absent on the test
I refer to the problem of Rule shall have elapsed since his most ernors had to suspend it. you need only continue making shocked me.
Changes. recent acquittal on a felony Is it of little wonder then that decisions like this one. It is not the option of the stu-
on several occasions in recent charge." d atinuch mor e rlAsn ramn nauadfte -ousehe ,' dent to draw thes generalizations
.ylarspstofdwa"nquest-as dorms practically at their first op- Chairman, Orientation Coh- synthesizing ideas and shedding
have honored great pitchers who portunity, that the memory a miee Inter House Assembly 'details; he must generalize. This
owed their success to the spit-ball. student has of his days in the disregard of Ideas endangers the
now outlawed for some forty years, Open the Doors! Quad should be as a bitter taste future relations between the two
The rationale for their election To the Editor: in his m'outh, as it is in so many canc.hachne icultures: the engineers and the
was simply that the offense was rAM GENUINELY saddened to cases? 'as a sn kintellectuals, c. P. Snow's scien-
only a misdemeanor, and one still hm Myread in Jan. 13 Daily that the I can understand a little better 'To the Editor: tists and humanists.
committed occasionally by certain Board of Governors of Residence now why I involuntarily hedge THE MATHEMATICS 115 final
pitchers when they get into a Halls has suspended South Quad's when asked where I live, examination proved to me I WARN THOSE who conceived
tight spot. visiting hours policy. When I was a freshman there 'that the Mathematics Department the Math 115 final: you are
The Ann Arbor people, on the 'Hwere graduate students and num- 'does not consider mathematies a making machines out of men.
other hand, will have to concern I AM WHAT now may be term- erous seniors living in the same 'significant part of human knowl- -Mark Larsen'70 Engine
China Today: The Issues of Revolution
4
oI
A
Foreign Aid: Trouble Ahead
4
THE STRENGTHENING of the
Republican-Southern Democrat fac-
tion in Congress as a result of the 1966
elections, President Johnson is going to
have a difficult time getting budget ap-
propriations for his foreign aid programs.
Because of its accent on frugality,
Congress will probably make drastic cuts
in the President's $3.2 billion request for
this program. The request is not unrea-
sonable. It is about $200 million less than
last year's request, and less than 5 per
cent of the total defense budget.
HE PROBLEM is that Congress doesn't
realise the value to American and
world interests of an effective foreign aid
program. The first argument that appeals
to Congress is that it can be used as a
means of bribery to keep neutrals from
going Communist. Most congressmen,
however, tend to shudder at the idea of
bribe money, and feel that the United
States is being abused and mistreated by
those nations it tries to buy off.
Another argument, that has a more
altruistic base, is that underdeveloped na-
tions should be brought into the system
of international political and economic
relations with the least possible friction
(which to Congress means doing it with-
out going Communist.)
To develop along a "capitalist" model
a country must have capital, obviously,
The Daily is a member of the Associated Press and
Collegiate Press Service.
Subscription rate: $4.50 semester by carrier ($5 by
mail; $8 yearly by carrier ($9 by mail).
Published at 420 Maynard St., Ann Arbor, Mich.,
In most instances this capital can only
be acquired in sufficient quantities from
one source - developed nations like the
United States.
BY DENYING foreign aid Congress,
therefore, would come through with
amazing inconsistency: on one hand they
insist nations develop along capitalistic
lines, but fail to live up to the necessity
that we help these nations develop in
this way.
-RON KLEMPNER
N'o One Immune
THE NEW YORK TIMES reported Fri-
day that American bombers have been
zeroing on North Vietnamese buildings
over "one story" high as military objec-
tives.
"United States target specialists tend
to pick imposing buildings as military
objectives without necessarily precise in-
formation," writes Times Assistant Man-
aging Editor Harrison Salisbury.
Among the targets was a North Viet-
namese leprosarium in Quynhlap destroy-
ed in a series of raids from July 1965 to
May 1966. The attacks demolished the
160 building comprehensive care center
for 2000 lepers.
Salisbury also reported that North Viet-
mese figures show 108 other medical in-
stitutions, plus numerous churches, pa-
godas, Buddhist temples and other high
civilian structures have been hit.
The Polish Friendship School was re-
portedly hit by 10 bombs December 2 dur-
ing a raid on the nearby Vandiem truck
depot.
By ELLEN FRANK
and
LEONARD PRATT
Associate Managing Editor
First of a three-part series
"IN A VERY SHORT time, sev-
eral hundred million peasants
in China's central, southern, and
northern provinces will rise like
a tornado or tempest-a force so
extraordinarily swift and violent
that no power, however great, will
be able to suppress it . . . They
will send all imperialists, warlords,
corrupt officials, local bullies, and
evil gentry to their graves.",
Mao Tse-tung, 1927.
FORTY YEARS of fluctuating
revolution have evidently left
Mao's dramatic approach to poli-
tics unchanged.
China has changed, however.
.The revolutionary government hi-
erarchy which Mao brought to
power in 1949 has become pro-
gressively more "government" than
"revolutionary" in the last 18
years. This factor has combined
with the traditional conservatism
of minor Chinese bureaucrats to
present a major challenge to the
futuie of Mao's revolutionary goals
for China.
The current Great Proletarian
Cultural Revolution, in prepara-
tion since 1963 and only now sur-
facing, is Mao's answernto that
challenge.
IT IS, OF COURSE, difficult to
tell p'ecisely what the politics of
the Revolution are. Mao's parti-
sans gained early control of the
nation's press and radio and that
plus a few foreign reporters pro-
vides all that we see of the up-
heaval in China.
The official version of the tur-
moil presents Mao whom the Par-
ty newspaper Jenmin Jihpao calls
"the red sun in the hearts of re-
traditional Maoist guerrilla war-
fare tactics.
* THE SOCIAL REVOLUTION.
One of the goals of the Great Leap
was the transfer of the peasants'
traditional allegiance from their
familiesand local economic lead-
ers to the Party cadres and their
goals. When the Great Leap col-
lapsed in 1959, so did the attempt
to remold the loyalties of the pea-
sants, which have remained sub-
stantially unchanged. Peasant ties
evidently focus as closely on the
family as they always have, defy-
ing the Party's attempts to cre-
ate social forms more amenable to
control from Peking.
Were it to succeed, therefore,
the Cultural Revolution would
have a strong impact on Chinese
society. The struggle in China is
thus not just political in fighting
but a genuine attempt by Mao to
alter the way of life in the villages
in which some 90 percent of the
Chinese people live.
THE CULTURAL Revolution as
a whole is the summation of' all
three of these struggles. Each fac-
tion has taken generally similar
stands on each issue-the conser-
vatives in international moves also
counciling moderation in econo-
mic and social questions.
For Mao. the Revolution is an
expression of his faith in the "un-
interrupted revolution," a state of
continual flux in which a truly
communist state must exist. It is
apparently his last great attempt
not only to communize Chinese
society-a goal shared by his op-
ponents-but to revolutionize it in
the broadest sense of the word.
Thus it would be a distorted
simplification to view events in
China today as a simple struggle
for state control. It is another
r--c of th rnpm ,.ronn~
'4
4
In the Spirit of the Revolution-"We Will Liberate the People of Taiwan"
*
ARRAYED AGAINST the Mao-
ists is the government bureaucracy
from President Liu Shao-chi to
minor economic officials. Their
aims are generally more "pragma-
tic"-though it would be a mis-
take to think of them as always
being more moderate than Maoist
goals. They think more in terms
of power politics than in terms of
pure ideology, favoring such goals
as centralized decision-making
and professional expertise over ide-
ological goals of populism and
loyalty to the Party.
A third "faction" has recently
emerged in the person of Premier
Chou En-lai. Chou is a canny po-
litician whose interests lie in pre-
serving both the governmental
himpwirra v ad the .nhtnl n-4,_
have fragmented the previously
unified Chinese leadership. The
so-called "deviations" of these op-
ponents vary depending on wheth-
er Mao's spokesmen are discussing
military, industrial or social mat-'
ters, but they center on three ba-
sic questions facing China today:
0 THE ECONOMY. By fall of
1965 the Chinese economy had
substantially recovered from the
depression brought upon it in
1958 by Mao's Great Leap For-
ward, a series of ideologically-mo-
tivated radical measures attempt-
ing rapid economic and social ad-
vancement.
The recovery had been effected
largely by a de-emphasis of in-
back to cadres. Party-bureaucracy
economic conflict, simmering for
almost 10 years, has thus surfaced.
" WAR. For Peking, the inter-
national situation is an extremely
threatening one. In the past year,
American forces in Vietnam have
grown by two-thirds. Bombing,
just a few air-minutes from the
Chinese border, has similarly esca-
lated. Several divisions of Russian
troops have ' moved to the Siberian
border in response to increased
hostility between the U.S.S.R. and
China.
Last year Foreign Minister Chen
said: "For 17 years we have been
waiting . for the imperialists to
come and attack us." From Pek-
ing the attack can't seem far off.