TUESDAY, MARCH 21, 1967
THE MICHIGAN 'DAILY
PA E THE.ER
TINE MICHIGAN DAILY PAI~U~ TWUU!U
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Public
Relations
Cost
US. More
Than
Congress
WASHINGTON A'P)-The fqd-
eral government spends more of
the taxpayer's money to tell and
show him what it wants him to
hear ond see than on its legis-
lative and judicial branches com-
bined.
The government expends about
$245 million a year on its public
information, news, views and" self-
pleadings, compared with $353
million spent this year by Con-
gress and the judiciary.
The 425 million is more than
double the combined outlay for
news gathering by the two major
U.S. news services, the three ma-
jor television networks, and the
10 biggest American newspapers.
Much of the expenditure, which
has risen steadily through succes-
sive national administrations, is
devoted to convincing Americans'
with their own money that what
the government does is for their
welfare.
The quantity, variety and scope
of the intelligence churned out by
the publicity apparatus is stag-
gering. It can tell you what the
turkey market looks like for 1967;
that over half the women and one
fourth of the men over 40 have
varicose veins; the vital statistics
of the nation's economy; the latest
wrinkles in the "war on poverty;"
it produces films, TV programs, ra-
dio tapes and unceasing blizzard
of press releases; employ public
information officers to answer,
and sometimes not to answer,
newsmen's questions.
In short, it spews forth mounds
of material ranging in vastly dif-
ferent directions.
Manning the sluice gates of this
stream of self-revelation are at
least 6,858 federal employes oc-
cupied full or part time,
These figures emerged from a
wide-ranging Associated Press
survey of one year's federal spend-
ing to inform or influence.
The survey showed that the
biggest domestic publicity network
is maintained by the military, with
about 3,000 employes in this field
and a budget of at least 32.2 mil-
lion.
The National Aeronautics and
Space Administration is next with
300 employes and a tab of $11.5
million.
Other large operators include
Congress-for ballyhoo and news
releases-$9.9 million; Department
of Agriculture, $8.9 million; De-
parment of Health, Education and
Welfare, $7.8 million; Atomic
Energy Commission, $6.1 million;
Office of Economic Opportunity,
$2.4 million.
In contrast salaries for the
White House press secretary and
his 10 assistants total a com-
paratively modest $170,000.
In all, traceable spending by
Congress and government agen-
cies for publicity and information
services works out at $98.4 million.
But sums spent by the individ-
ual branches and agencies of gov-
ernment are dwarfed by the slice
of taxes laid out for public rela-
tions by companies holding gov-
ernment defense and space con-
tracts.
These firms can charge the gov-
ernment for public relations just
as they do for other general man-
agement costs. One estimate is
that the taxpayers directly pay at
least $200 million a year for such
press agentry and behalf of pri-
vate companies.
An aerospace industry source
said the public relations cost to
the taxpayer for the top 10 com-
panies in his field may run more
than $90 million annually.
Another huge, almost-buried
item is the cost of government
printing for informational or pub-
lis relations purposes. The annual
government printing bill is $500
million. It's estimated that one-
fourth of this, or $125 million,
could fairly be charged to infor-
mation and publicity.
The rest covers such costs as
%stationary, annual reports and
legislative bills.
The Central Intelligence Agency,
professionaly publicity shy, lists
no public relations staff.
Neither does the Federal Bu-
reau of Investigation. However,
agents of the FBI frequently make
Image-building public speeches
and its asistant director, Robert
Wick, has a job which would be
labeled public information chief
elsewhere in government.
For that matter, few agencies
are more responsive to newsmen's
queries and few executives, in or
out of government, can match J.
Edgar Hoover, the FBI director,
in understanding what public re-
lations is all about.
The Defense Department pro-
fessed almost utter ignorance of
the scope of its public relations
but eventually came up with the
figure of close to 3,000 emerged as
the total of public relations em-
ployes for the entire military
establishment.
For sheer numbers iii the public
relations arena, it is in a class
by itself.
In Vietnam alone, Defense has
about 500 public relations people.
For its uniformed information
people, Defense runs a school
staffed by 164 instructors and ad-
ministrators at Ft. Benjamin Har-
rison, Ind.
Of this year's 2,000 graduates,
1,200 are ticketed for Armed For-
ces information units. The rest
will go into jobs with the Armed
Forces Radio and TV network and
base newspapers.
Hit
CIA Interference
Pro-Soviet
Party Claims:
Subversion
Government
Guam Talks
End; Ky Hits
U.S. Critics
Johnson, Viet Leader
Discuss War Plans,
Pledge Peace Search
GUAM (P)-The Guam confer-
ence of President Johnson and
South Vietnamese leaders to plan
war and peace strategy wound up
yesterday with an angry outburst
by Prime Minister Nguyen Coa Ky
against critics of his regime.
He mentioned no names but ap-
parently aimed at such Americans,
as Sen. Robert F. Kennedy (D-
NY).
CURFEW SET:
Somaliland Hit by Rioting as
Vote Favors Colonization Ties
DJIBOUTI, French Somaliland
(M)-Rioting broke out yesterday
in Djibouti's teeming shantytown.
Officials reported 11 Africans
killed and 20 wounded. Three
French policemen were hurt in
t stopping the' violence.
French Gov. Louis Saget an-*
nounced a dusk-to-dawn curfew
and warned he had told troops
to shoot anyone violating it.
The fighting erupted several
hours after an announcement that
a majority had voted in Sunday's
referendum to continue.the nation
as a French colony, the last re-
maining in Africa.
and cardboard shacks, knocking
out pockets of resistance.
In sealing off the African quar-j
ter, police and soldiers were aided
by 300 French paratroopers flown
to Djibouti.
- Identity Check
The governor told a news con-
ference that a massive identity
check would result in many So-
malis being put across the frontier
into the neighboring independent
Somali Republic.I
He said 6,000 already have been
deported. The Somali Republic
claims French Somaliland and of-
ficials here have accused the re-
public of sending in agitators to
work for independence.
The governor reported a num-
ber of leading pro-independence
politicians held for questioning
now have b.en released.
They included Hassan Gouled,
president of the Proindependence
Popular Movement party, and sev-
eral other party leaders.
Three newsmen were slightly
injured covering the rioting. They
were George Der Partogh, a United
Press International photographer
.bruised on the jaw and cheekbone
by rocks thrown by Somalis, and
a French photographer and French
newsmen.
Government Official
Denies Accusations,
Promises Statement
NEW DELHI (M) - The opposi-
tion in' Parliament accused the
U.S. Central Intelligence Agency
yesterday of trying to sway last
month's election, subverting ar
Indian youth group and aiding
in the defection of Joseph Stalin's
daughter, Svetlana.
Foreign Minister M. C. Chagla
denied the first two charges and
promised a full statement on the
Svetlana case Tuesday.
George Fernandes, a Socialist
who was elected in Bombay, cited
U.S. press reports that the CIA
gave funds to the International
Youth Center in New Delhi.
Chagla replied that the CIA had
not, directly financed any organ-
ization in India but "it is reported
to have given money to founda-
tions which have been financing
organizations in India."
Indrajit Gupta, a member of the
pro-Soviet Communist p a r t y,
charged that CIA money and em-
bassy funds were used to "defeat
44 progressive candidates during
the elections."
"These are very vague allega-
tions," Chalga commented. "I will
not go by wild reports made here
or in the press."
A. K. Gopalan, member of the
pro-Red Chinese Communist par-
ty, asserted that U.S. Second Sec-
retary Robert Rayle; who was said
to have escorted Svetlana to Rome
after she defected to the West,
was a CIA agent.
Chagla said his government took
the matter up with the U.S. Em-
bassy and "it was categorically
denied that he is a CIA agent."
After this exchange, Prime Min-
ister Indira Gandhi's government
defeated a no confidence motion,
257-162.
The motion was introduced by a
leader of the Hindu Jan Sangh
party to protest the imposition of
federal control in the desert state
of Rajasthan after political riots
two weeks ago.
Deputy Prime Minister Morarji
Desai told Parliament the govern-
ment faced a staggering deficit of
$466.7 million for the current fis-
cal year ending March 31.
Desai, who also is finance min-
ister, blamed most of the deficit
on agricultural setbacks caused by
droughts, now in their third year.
Desai estimated total food grain
production the next fiscal year at
76 million tons, 9 million below
any previous government figure
and about 20 million tons below
minimum needs for India.
Johnson, Ky, and Chief of State. Continue ies
Nguyen Van Thieu signed a com- At first, the fighting broke out -
munique pledging joint determina-- between the Somalis, who want b gL v
tion on the fighting front and independence, and rival Afars, who'Vandal*smCharges Levied
promising "to continue the ear- voted to continue ties with France.
nest search for an honorable French officials said some Africans
peace'' may have been killed then. 'A ainst NFO in Milk Strike
-Associated Press
EUROPEAN ARMS AGREEMENT
Minister of State George Thomson of Great Britain (left) confers with John J. McCoy of the United;
States yesterday at the State Department to seek final agreement on the number of troops in Europe
and ways to pay for their keep-up. Also in the conference, but not shown, was Georg Duckwitz of
Germany.
2000 MARINES:
Operation Beacon Hill Begins-
South of Demilitarized Zone
SAIGON (P) - U.S. Marines
landed just south of Vietnam's de-
militarized zone yesterday ,in' a
new drive and the Communists
rained heavy mortar and rocket
fire on allied forward bases close
to the landing area.
U.S. Headquarters announced
that a landing force of Marines
from 7th Fleet ships moved ashore
by helicopter and assault landing
craft just a mile south of the de-
militarized zone separating North
and South Vietnam.
An estimated 1,600 to 2,000
Leathernecks made the assault, a
search and destroy sweep called
Operation Beacon Hill.
Communist gunners hammered
two allied outposts with rockets
and heavy mortars last night, ap-
parently trying to knock out the
huge U.S. 175mm guns at Gio Linh
that have been firing across the
demilitarized zone.
A South Vietnamese military
spokesman said two American
soldiers were killed and 46 wound-
ed in the initial attack.
An estimated 600 rocket and'
mortar rounds were fired against
Gio' Linh, a forward post about
a mile south of .the demilitarized
zone that divides the two Viet-
nams.
U.S. Headquarters confirmed'
the attack, but said it had no fig-
ures on casualties. A spokesman
said the Communists used 120mm
mortars, the largest in their
arsenal.
The huge U.S. 175mm guns only
last month began firing at enemy
positions inside the demilitarized
zone and across the zone into
North Vietnam.
There was no report of damage
to the big uns, which have been
the target of several other enemy
mortar attacks in recent weeks.
The Gio Linh post is manned
by one South Vietnamese infantry
battalion and a U.S. artillery unit.
The South Vietnamese military
spokesman said the government
battalion did not take any casual-
ties in the first attack last night.
He reported the Communists
simultaneously rained an estimat-
ed 200 rounds of mortar fire into
a Vietnamese infantry battalion
base at Con Thien, three miles
from the Gio Linh outpost. No
casualties were reported.
The Vietnamese spokesman said
the Communists hit the same two
allied forward posts early yester-
day with mortar attacks.,
An outnumbered American arm-
ored unit of green GIs drew their
tanks into a circle in Old West-
style yesterday to shelter a savage
attack by two veteran Viet Cong
battalions and drive off the
enemy.
In an assessment of the attacks,
an American spokesman said that
North Vietnam's power supply,
particularly to Hanoi, had been
cut sharply by the raids.
Old intelligence reports showed
that the two power plants pro-
duced 27 per cent of North Viet-
nam's electricity, but expanded
production at the plants is believed
to have increased this percentage,
and much of the power is thought
to go to Hanoi.
The Viet Tri unit is 29 miles
northwest of Hanoi, and the two
plants at Thai Nguyen are about
38 miles north of the capital. The
spokesman said the raids of the
steel plant have "done heavy
damage."~
The jet shot down at Bau Bang
was the 164th lost in South Viet-
nam so far. A spokesman said two
other U.S. planes were downed in
North Vietnam, one Saturday and
one Sunday, raising to 489 the
number of American aircraft lost
in North Vietnam since regular
raids began there in February
1965.
U.S. planes flew 52 missions
against targets in North Vietnam
Sunday; despite marginal weather.,
Recognize Futility
The statement said, "The lead-
ers. of North Vietnam must rec-
ognize the futility of their effort
to seize control of South Vietnam
by force."
At the news conference, Ky
blasted "those who are politically
motivated and think only of their
own volitical future and try to
blame us" for blocking steps to-
ward peace.
Opposes Coalition
Ky has opposed a coalition that
would include the Communists,
and he restated that opposition
yesterday.
"When I said no coalition," Ky
said, "I meant no coalition with
Communists. And when I said it,
I was expressing the opinion of all
the South Vietnamese people."
The small, slim prime minister
declared: "We are not going to
accept Communism in South Viet-
nam, and nobody is going to be
able to impose Communism on us.
"We will never accept coalition
with the Communists. We will
never accept the National Libera-
tion Front."
Ready to Negotiate
Ky said his government was
ready to meet a North Vietnamese
Communist delegation and that if
the Norh Vietnamese wanted
members of the Viet Cong with
them, "we have no objection."
What he obviously meant was
that he regarded the Viet Cong
as the agents of North Vietnam
and not as a South Vietnamese
movement.
The prime minister contended
there never had been any real
disagreement between his regime
and the Johnson administration.
Broader Escalation
He said this when newsmen
probed to find out exactly what
he meant in raising questions ear-
lier-in a statement to the Guam
conference-seeming to call for
much broader escalation of the
war, including bombing of Hanoi
and Haiphong and action against
infiltration routes in Laos, and
Viet Cong havens in Cambodia.
Ky said, "I'd like to call the
attention of the world" to some
facts about Communist aggression
in Vietnam. He made it plain he
was aiming his questions against
"those people who in the past tried
to cause us to stop bombing the
north."
SWhen police patrols entered tne iC]
WASHINGTON () -Selective
Service Director Lewis B. Hershey
sided somewhat reluctantly yester-
day with President Johnson's rec-
ommendation for a draft lottery.
But he indicated his opposition
to changing the state-federal draft
board setup, calling it a success-
ful partnership of state and fed-
eral governments.
Hershey said he still isn't sure
whether undergraduate student
deferments should be eliminated,
as a presidential study panel has
recommended.
Hershey, testifying before a
Senate subcommittee hearing on
the future of the draft, said he
supports an extension when key
portions of the law expire June 30.
He suggested a four-year ex-
tension, such has been voted re-
peatedly since World War II.
The nation's draft director, who
has opposed the lottery idea, was
asked by Sen. Jacob K. Javits
(R-NY), if he now favors it-
since Johnson asked him to draw
up a plan.
"I do now," Hershey said. When
Javits remarked that this switch
came probably because Johnson
recommended the plan, Hershey
likened his position to a' member,
of a team "obeying the signals of
the quarterback."
The President has recommended
taking younger draftees first-
age 19-doing away with most
college graduate deferments and
switching to the lottery technique
to choose inductees.
Hershey said, however, the lot-
tery technique might diminish the
pressure on a young man to enlist
or get a college deferment, rather
than be drafted.
He said that is one reason enlist-
ments now are high and possibly
one reason the nation has develop-
ed professional military people.
Sen. Joseph S. Clark, (D-Pa),
asked Hershey if he meant "lot-
tery" or "random choice," as the
President had used.
The draft director said the
terms are the same and added he
is "not so sure why they use the
word 'random choice.'"
But Hershey said before the lot-
tery can go into effect he must
know whether any student defer-
ments are going to, be allowed.
"Everybody agrees," said Her-
shey, "that 19-year-olds should
be drafted first." Now inductees
are picked starting at age 26 and
working down.
However, he said, right now that
doesn't make much difference be-
cause the 20-26 age group has been
plucked and 19-year-olds are the
ones being called.
shantytown sector, known as Dis-
trict 6, Somalis met them with a
hail of rocks. The policemen fled.
The district was cordoned off
with barbed wire and Somali men
and women stood behind the bar-
ricades shouting abuse as French
troops and armored cars nioved
in.
Wall Off Troops;
The crows set cars afire and
spilled drums of blazing gasoline
on' the streets to. try to.wall off
the troops.
Three armored cars and steel-
helmeted troops burst through the
barricades. As troops fired ma-
chine guns and threw tear gas
bombs, the crowds fled.
Then the soldier pushed through
the mile-square. district of wo'od!
CHICAGO (P) - The Circuit
Court in Michigan, the FBI and
Wisconsin's attorney general were
asked Monday to halt "vandalism
and terror" in the National Farm-
ers Organization's drive to force
up prices for the dairy farmer's
milk.
Amid conflicting reports on the
effectiveness of NFO's campaign
to keep milk off the market, the
Michigan Milk Producers Associa-
tion sued the NFO for $1 million.
jThe suit filed in Ingham County
Circuit Court also sought an in-
junction against alleged "vandal-
ism and terror" tactics it said
were interfering with the market-
ing of milk in Michigan.
At Saranac, however, Ray Neil-
son, Michigan Milk Coordinator
Hershey Approves LBIJ
Lottery Recommendation
for the NFO, said he had not yet
been informed of the suit.
But, he said, "Our office was
supposed to have been blown off
the map this morning, but it's still
here."
"We have county farm bureau
presidents dumping milk," Neilson
said. "This is a farmer's effort.
We're not fighting organizations.
We're all farmers and we need to
work together."
"We'll continue dumping milk
and sell our cows if we have to,"
he added. "We can't continue at
the price we're getting. We're
going broke."
Violence Errupts
Explosions attributed to dyna-
mite were reported on a farm near
Ashippun, Wis., Sunday night and
on two farms near Imlay City,
Mich. No injuries were reported.
Warning that "there is no room
for acts of violence," Atty. Gen.
Frank Kelley yesterday asked
prosecuting attorneys to keephi
advised of all developments re-
garding the current milk dispute.
"Reports of violence in regard
to the milk dispute have been re-
ceived from various parts of tie
state," Kelley reported.
Kelley urged that he be kept
advised "so that I may determine
if the facts at any point suggest
a multi-county conspiracy to vio-
late these laws, in which case, of
course, a felony prosecution may
be undertaken."
Wisconsin, Violence
In Wisconsin, Governor Warren
P. Knowles said he has asked the
Federal Bureau of Investigation
to look into what he called "num-
erous reports of intimidation and
harassment" of dairy farmers and
milk collectors in that state.
Knowles said he also has di-
rected the state attorney general's
office to investigate whether a
criminal conspiracy is involved in
such incidents as kerosene poured
into milk, truck blockades, milk
dumping, and the blowing up of
a farmer's milk house.
The NFO's stated policy in the
milk withholding drive is non-
violence. Two men were killed in
Wisconsin during an NFO meat
withholding action two years ago.
The NFO's 25-state embargo, in
its fifth day, seeks an immediate
two cents a quart increase in the
price paid the producer of class
1 quart milk-sold in bottles.
World News Roundup
I
Ii ii
WASHINGTON - The Senate
voted 77 to 3 yesterday an addi-
tional appropriation of $12.2 bil-
lion to support U.S. forces in the
Vietnam war.
Those voting aainst it-all Dem-
ocrats-were Sens. Wayne Morse
of Oregon; Ernest Gruening of
Alaska and Gaylor Nelson of Wis-
consin.
The House voted 38 to 11 for
the extra funds last week, but the
supplemental money bill now goes
back there for action on a Senate
amendment to prevent a planned
cutback in Air National Guard and
Air Reserve units.r
The bill boosts military appro-
priations for the current fiscal
year ending June 30 to $72.136
billion.
VOICE Meeting Tonight
The Michigan Forensic Guild 4
in conjunction with
the Michigan Debate Team
SUPPORTS
March'2s
8:00 P.M.
II Room 3B The Union
I
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