SUNDAY',,' FEBRUARY 19, 1967
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
PANE TIMER
SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1967 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PA(~R 'FTU~W
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Panel
Declares
U.S.
Crime
Can
Be
Controlled
By WALTER R. MEARS
WASHINGTON (P) - President
Johnson's crime commission de-.
clared yesterday that America can
control lawlessness, but said it
will take money, manpower, drastic
reforms and "an unremitting na-
tional effort for social justice" in
city slums.
Reporting that the nation's
crime rate may be three times as
high as had been estimated, the
commission proposed a vast out-
lay of federal funds to help cities
and states overhaul their courts,
police departments and prison
systems-and plan new control
and correction programs for the
years ahead.
Its chairman, Undersecretary
of State Nicholas Katzenbach, said
he could not estimate the sum it
would take to enact the more than
200 recommendations the panel
produced.
The commission said, for exam-
ple, that every defendant facing
the loss of his liberty should have
a lawyer, that the lowest tier of
criminal courts metes out "as-
sembly line justice" and should be
eliminated; that the bail system
is a failure and should be re-
formed.
It urged a stepped-up effort to
eliminate school segregation-even
if that means sending suburban
children to replace Negroes in
troubled slum schools.
"America must translate its well-
founded alarm about crime into
social action that will prevent
crime," the panel said.
It called on lawmen and all
Americans to join in that effort
-to eliminate slums and ghettoes,
improve education, provide jobs.
Eighteen months of preparation
and some $2 million went into the
commissions'. blueprint for a war
on crime. Its budget was $1.1 mil-
lion. The rest of the expenditure
represents cooperative research
projects financed by the Office
of Law Enforcement Assistance.
Time and again, the commis-
sion's 291-page report turned to
the ills of the big city slums and
the ghettoes, "the conditions in
which most crime breeds."
"More broadly and most im-
portantly, every effort to improve
life in America's inner cities is an
effort against crime," it said. "A
communty's most enduring protec-
tion against crime is to right the
wrongs and cure the illnesses that
bor "
The commission reported the
crime rate among Negroes is
higher than that of white Amer-
icans. It blamed poor housing, low
incomes and unemployment.
"If conditions of equal oppor-
tunity prevailed, the large differ-
ences now found between the Ne-
gro and white arrest rates would
disappear," the report said.
Johnson received a typed draft
of the report on Jan. 23 and sent
his crime-fighting proposals to
Congress on Feb. 6. He recom-
mended a $50 million federal aid
program for the year ahead to
help finance state and city plan-
ning, research and innovation in
crime-fighting.
Two days later, Johnson pro-
posed a $25 million assistance plan
to help combat juvenile delin-
quency by improving courts and
corrections systems.
Katzenbach, former attorney
general, said those measures will
help bring the state and local ac-
tion the commission recom-
mended.
The panel--offically, the Presi-
dent's Commission on Law En-
forcement and Administration of
Justice-was created by Johnson
on July 26, 1965, with a mandate
to seek daring, revolutionary ideas
for a campaign against crime.
Its blue-bound report, entitled
"The Challenge of Crime in a
Free Society," sells for $2.25. There
are seven more volumes to follow,
each dealing in depth with a single
aspect of ,crime control and law
enforcement.
In proposing new federal aid to
spur state and local reform and
innovation in crime fighting, the
commission said "several hundrect
million dollars annually could be
profitable spent over the next
decade.
The commission said increased
states and city spending is going
to be vital, too.
"Governmental action will not
be enough," it added. "Crime is
a social problem that is interwoven
with almost every aspect of Amer-
ican life. Controlling crime is the
business of every American."
"Before this nation can hope to
reduce crime significantly or last-
ingly, it must mount and maintain
a massive attack against the con-
ditions of life that underlie it," the
commission said.
In that effort, it advocated:
-Steps to reduce unemployment
--creating public service jobs
where there is no work to be had.
-Development of methods to
provide "minimum family income,"
and revisions of welfare rules to
keep families together.
-Improved housing and recrea-
tion facilities. ,
-Family planning assistance.
-Stepped up efforts to "combat
school segregation along racial and
economic lines, and the housing
segrgeation that underlies it."
-Improved slum schools to
make sure that children there "re-
ceive the best, rather than the
worst education in the nation."
Dealing with big city riots, the
commission said: "The only en-
during guarantee that riots will
not occur is to answer the cry of
'help' that Negroes have been ut-
tering for many years and that
can be clearly heard even amid the
destruction and bloodshed of a
riot.
To provide that answer, the re-
port said, "America must move far
more rapidliy than it has so far
done."
These were among the commis-
sion's major proposals:
-A reorganization of police
forces, with college-trained police
agents in charge of the most de-
manding jobs, police officers
handling emergencies, patrols and
preliminary investigations, and
youthful, uniformed community
service officers serving as ap-
prentices. Police recruits would be
able to begin their service at any
of the three levels, depending on
their qualifications.
-Creation of community rela-
tions units to improve police rela-
tions with Negroes and other min-
ority groups; of investigative
branches to deal with brutality
or corruption; and of procedures
for dealing with citizen complaints
against any public official.
-Establisment of youth service
bureaus to deal with young of-
fenders outside the criminal sys-
tem whenever possible. s
-Improvements in police com-
muncations, law-enforcement or-
ganization and crime research to
take advantage of scientific and
technical advances.
--Merger of felony and mis-
demeanor courts, to do away with
the "assembly-lie justice" the com-
mission said it found in the lower
courts.
-Bail reforms, designed to per-
mit the release without cash bond
of any defendant who could be
safely set free to await trial.
-A program of federal aid
totaling perhaps "several hundred
million dollars a year," to en-
courage state and local planning,
research and reform.
-Elimination of drunkenness as
a criminal offense.
-Creation of small, community-
based correctional centers to re-
'place fortress-style prisons for
most offenders.
-An "unremitting national ef-,
fort for social justice" to improve
the conditions of life in city slums
-conditions, the commission said,
which breed crime.
--More manpower to enforce
the narcotics laws and revised
sentencing laws to provide flex-
ibility in dealing with offenders.
--Provision for legal counsel, if
the defendant cannot afford a
lawyer, in all criminal cases in-
volving the possible loss of liberty.
-State gun-control legislation,
with federal action later if nec-
essary, to restrict mail-order sales
and require registration to that
lawmen will know where every gun
is and who owns it.
-A recommendation that con-
gress should adopt legislation on
wire-tapping-but did not say
what its terms should be. A ma-
jority held that the law should
carefully limit authority for elec-
tronic surveillance by law enforce-
ment officers.
The creation of specialized unite
in states and cities to fight organ-
ized crime. It proposed the estab-
lishment of a permanent congres-
sional committee on the problem,
and suggested annual grand jury
investigation in areas where the
crime syndicate known as Cosa
Notra is known to be operating.
PLAN NO EXPULSION:
Prolonged Power Conflict 'Republican Leaders
Consent
I . __LDtiAmd
11
io Uvne IYIUz Ire-iity 1U1o I.uwu3L
Threatens
to
Split
China
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By WILLIAM L. RYAN
Associated PressSpecial Correspondent
An AP News Analysis
If Peking's own reports are to
be believed, the confusion reigning
in much of Communist China
threatens prolonged strife, possible
dismemberment and a block to the
nation's nuclear weapons program.
Propaganda from Peking for the
past six weeks suggests that the
"great proletarian cultural revolu-
tion" is splitting a Communist
party built by Mao Tse-tung in
four decades of revolutionary
struggle.
The unfolding picture shows -a
struggle for an aging leader's
power and a clash of philosophies.
Those behind Mao seek constant
revolution in austerity until the
achievement of a distant dream of
some sort of Chinese communism.
The opposition represents the
party's entrenched bureaucracy.
To it, revolution is a thing of the
past. It seeks nation-building and
perhaps a more rational approach
to transforming China into a ma-I
jor world power.
The bureaucracy-the far-flung
apparatus of party control over
the nation-was built by men like ous regions and a large number of
President Liu Sho-chi and party cities.
Secretary General Teng Hsiao- A number of veteran military
ping. They personify the opposi- men and much of the old hardcore
tion to Mao and his chief lieu- party apparatus familiar with
tenant, Defense Minister Lin Piao, techniques of political power ap-
and appear to have a good deal of pear to be in the anti-Mao, anti-
fight left. Lin camp.
The struggle thus could continue President Liu and Secretary
for months, bringing an already General Teng, villified in the wall
poor nation to the brink of eco- posters of Mao's young Red
nomic disaster and mass strava- Guards, may seem to be neutral-
tion. , ized, but they still may command
Peking reports tell of turmoil considerable support in the prov-
in at least 13 of China's 21 prov- inces' bureaucracy and the ranks
inces, three of the five autonom- of industrial workers whose "un-
ions" they created.
Three important military fig-
ures seem to be in the anti-Mao
essfu l:k camp, threatening both China'sf
mander and party chief of the
Sinkiang-Uighur nomous region,
is a possibility. Wang, too, has
been denounced in Peking as an
opponent of Mao. In his vast area
of 630,000 square miles, 90 per cent
of the 6 million people are non-
Chinese.
Another powerful leader de-
nounced in Peking is Ulanfu, mil-
itary commander and party chief
of Inner Mongolia, an autonom-
ous region of 320,000 square miles
outside the Great Wall and bor-
dering the pro-Soviet Outer Mon-
golian People's Republic.
Ulanfu, a fiery leader, has seem-
ed as much nationalist as Com-
munist, and is credited with the
slogan "Mongolia for the Mon-
golians." He has been a vice pre-
mier of Communist China and
member of the National Defense
Council.
The opposition to Mao includes
party leaders in many provincial
and city party committees around,
the country, according to Peking's
own outlets.
Mao and Lin may by now be
shaken by the possibility of im-
minent disaster.
WASHINGTON OP ) - The Re-
publican leadership, which played
the key role in denying Adam
Clayton Powell his house seat last
month, was reported yesterday to
have accepted the plan to seat
Powell but censure him severely
and dock some of his pay.
Republican leaders are under-
stood to have agreed with the four
Republicans on the select com-
mittee studying the Powell matter
that this is the most severe yet
practical' punishment that can be
dealt the Harlem Democrat.
Four of the five Democrats on
the committee are also tending to-
ward this view. Rep. Claude D.
Pepper of Florida is keeping an
open mind on possible alternatives,
although he is understood to lean
toward a penalty that includes re-
moval of Powell from the House.
Dirksen To Support
Embassy Treaty
Everyone connected with the
Powell investigation emphasizes
that the situation could still
change when the committee re-
sumes deliberations tomorrow, but
the outlines of a consensus have
emerged.
Republicans generally are con-
sidered to hold the key to Powell's
fate in the House where most
Northern Democrats tend toward
some plan that would avoid
Powell's expulsion and m o s t
Southern Democrats favor ousting
the Negro leader.
If the Republicans can line up
most of their 187 members behind
the censure plan, the House prob-
ably will go along with it. The key
to the debate would be to avoid
the. direct vote of expulsion by
blocking amendments to the reso-
lution seating and censuring
Powell. Once this was done, the
resolution itself probably would
win approval.
Republican members of the com-
mittee told GOP leaders at a long
conference Friday that to expel
Powell would only make him a
martyr. In addition, they argued,
it might bring the entire matter
back before the House within
months if Powell, as expected, won
the special election that would be
called for his vacated seat.
Anti-Mao Forces Succ
Score VBloo
dy Clashes
TOKYO (M)-Foes of Mao Tse-
tung were reported yesterday to
have scored partial victories in
battles at key points ranging from
the frozen Mongolian frontier to
the Himalayan border in western
China.
Radio Moscow, in a Japanese-
language broadcast, said anti-Mao
forces, after a series of bloody
clashes, had seized "nearly full
control" of Inner Mongolia, a
strategic autonomous region in
Red China's northeast.
Other reports told of gains by
opponents of Mao's great cultural
revolution-or purge-in Hupeh,
Shantung and Szechwan Provinces
and trouble for the Maoists in the
Port Arthur-Dairen area of Man-
churia.
Moving Successfully
Bu tin Darjeeling, India, Tibetan
exiles monitoring Radio Lhasa
said. there were indications that
pro-Mao forces were moving suc-
cessfully against anti-Maoist in an
effort to regain control of, Tibet.
In Peking, a public statement
by Foreign Minister Chen Yi gave
no hint of any slackening in Mao's
purge.
Sporadic fighting has been re-
ported in Inner Mongolia recently,
and Japanese reports Friday said
telephone and telegraph: commu-
nications with Inner Mongolia's
capital, Huhehot, had been dis-
rupted.
World
NEW ORLEANS - Dist. Att.
Jim Garrision said yesterday a
plan was developed in New Or-
leans which culminated in the as-
sassination of President John F.
Kennedy. He added, "Arrests will
be made."
"We already have the names of
the people in the initial planning,"
Garrison told the Associated Press.
'We are not wasting our time and
we will prove it. Arrests will be
made. Charges will be filed and
convictions will be obtained."
* * *
WASHINGTON-Michigan Gov.
George W. Romney took another
step toward an active campaign
for the 1968 Republican presiden-
tial nomination Sunday by ap-
proving the establishment of
The Moscow broadcast said three
divisions of the People's Libera-
tion Army had been ordered by
the Mao leadership to move from
Peking into Inner Mongolia to aid
pro-Mao leadership to move from
Peking into Inner Mongolia to
help pro-Mao revolutionary rebels.
In Taipei, Formosa, the official
Central News Agency, quoting Na-
tionalist Chinese intelligence sour-
ces, said Chinese Communist
troops in Hupeh and Szechwan
Provinces had revolted against
Mao and that many supporters
of Mao and his defense minister,
Lin Piao, had been arrested and
executed.
In Tibet, where reports Friday
told of 100 or more persons killed
in fighting between supporters and
opponents of Mao's purge, three
pro-Mao army divisions were re-
ported moving in to put down
forces commanded by Chang Kuo-
hua.
China-Soviet Border
A correspondent for the Japa-
nese newspaper Mainichi, in a
dispatch from Khabarovsk, Si-
beria, said the Chinese Communist.
had stationed about 500,000 troops
along the northeast China-Soviet
border. Across the frozen Amur
River, the bounary between China
and the Soviet Union, the Mainichi
said, the Russians are believed to
have a force about a third that
of the Chinese.
SNews Rot
the race" was accepted as the
usual political window dressing by
many who believe the Michigan
governor already is running hard.
* * *
. DETROIT - Two major auto
workers producers have announced
that production cutback plans for
the next few weeks will idle some
7,800 workers.
Chrysler Corp. disclosed a cut-
PIANO
PLAYERS
openings NOW with
Rich Bloch and the
Chen, Yi, in his statement
pledged that the cultural revolu-
tion would not change China's
policies toward Afro-Asian nations
and said Peking would continue
to support "revolutionary strug-
gles."
territorial unity and nuclear
weapons program.
One is Ho Lung, a marshall be-
bore Lin Piao abolished ranks in
1965 and a former vice premier
who fell from Mao-Lin favor. Pe-
king reports quoting Red Guard
posters appear to confirm a belief
that Ho was behind an attempted
coup that had China near civil
war last July.
An alliance between Ho and
Wang En-mao, military com-
WASHINGTON A)-Sen. Ever-
ett M. Dirksen (R-Ill), has come
around to supporting the U.S.-
Soviet consular treaty, apparently
assuring the Johnson administra-
tion its first foreign policy victory
in the new Congress.
Dirksen, the Senate Republican
leader,, is maintaining publicly
that he has not made up his mind
about the treaty. He has criticized
it in the past but now is telling
friends his doubts have been re-
solved and he will support it.
This probably means a sub-
stantial majority.of the Senate's
34 Republicans will follow his lead
and back the treaty. Their support
is vital since a two-thirds major-
ity of those voting is needed for
ratification.
Lay Guidelinesy
clause, only 11 show any interest
in setting up new consulates and
9 of these are Latin American.
Czechoslovakia and P o 1 a n d,
have shown some interest, but any
additional consulates would have
to be negotiated individually be-
tween the United States and the'
countries concerned
Action on the treaty is expected
early in March when opposition to
the President's Vietnam policies
probably will be rising again in
the Senate.
Premature Ballot Counting
Stopped by Indian Officials
MEANY AIDES WORRIED:
UAW Split Could Jeo
AFL-CIO Nation wide
MIAMI BEACH (M-AFL-CIO become victims of Reuther's feud
leaders expressed fear yesterday with Meany.
that the swiftly growing alienation Meany, however, reportedly sees
of Walter P. Reuther's Auto Work- no way to conciliate Reuther and
ers Union would jeopardize many plans to replace him on the AFL-
of organized labor's nationwide CIO's top-level Executive Council1
goals, next week. Reuther resigned from
Top aides of AFL-CIO President the conuncil early this month, pro-
George Meany viewed the Auto testing what he called Meany's
Worker's withdrawal from the fed- failures in leadership.
eration's Chicago branch as an- The Auto Workers action in
other step toward a probable total Chicago Friday night, withdraw-
break with with the giant labor ing some 20,000 of their members
federation. from the federation's city organ-.
AFL-CIO officials are worried ization, brought the Reuther-
that their new national programs Meany battle down to the local
to' enforce the recent federal mini- level for the 'first time.
mum wage hike and to press for The Auto Workers also are con-,
hefty Social Security increases will sidering breaking with the federa-
tion's state organization in Illi-
nois.
The state and city AFL-CIO
' / ' /bodies are vital links in imple-
P menting top policy and programs
Withdrawal of the Auto Work-
back in operations at three De- other unions fur top posts in the
troit-area plants will result in ers would set off a scramble among
5,800 workers being laid off, while city and state organizations, and
Ford said it will put 2,000 workers Meany aides fear this would lead
out of jobs. to a rash of politicking among
General Motors said it had no unions instead of pushing labor
production plans to release at this programs.
time. GM, world's largest auto- Reuther's union is also expected
maker, cut deeply into its original to decide in April whether to break
production schedules in both De- all ties with the AFL-CIO, with-
cember and January. drawing some 1.4 million Auto
inardize
S1The treaty would lay down the
i guidelines under which adminis-
tration officials say one addi-
tional Soviet consulate could be
opened in this country and one ad-
ditional American diplomatic of-
Workers from the 13.5-million- fice in the Soviet Union.
member federation.
Meany's partisans deny Reu- Opponents have contended this
ther's charges that AFL-CIO lead- would invite an expansion of So-
ership is "complacent" and ac- viet espionage in the United States
cuse the Auto Workers' president and in Latin American countries.
of acting out of pique because he Supporters have denied this, say-
wants Meany's job ing that it would build an addi-
While he joked with associates tional East-West bridge and give
about Reuther's attacks, Meany Ameircans traveling in the Soviet
is obviously angered at Reuther's Union legal protection they do not
biter criticism against the AFL- now enjoy.
CIOr Sen. Bourke B. Hickenlooper,
Meany recently announced a (R-Iowa), has 'complained that
'nationwide program to insure en- other countries could invoke the
forcement of new federal mini- most-favored-nation c 1 a u s e of
mum-wage hikes for some five trade agreements and seek ad-
million workers and asked all city ditional consulates of their own.
and state AFL-CIO organizations Show Interest
to take an active part. A State Department survey
Series of Rallies furnished senators indicates that
He also announced here a series of 33 countries eligible under this
of rallies around the country next
month to support President John-
son's proposal to raise Social Sec- UBJECTS
utybenefits by 20 per cent.
programs thatAFL-CIO leaders WANTED
fear will suffer from the Reuther-
Meany dispute.
Ifor simple experiment involving
NEW DELHI, India (M - The
Indian government ordered a halt
yesterday to premature counting
of ballots by officials in distant
eastern Manipur Territory along
the Burmese border, in the na-
tion's week of general election.
Because of fear that early pub-'
lication of results might affect'
voting in states where balloting
has not yet taken place, the Elec-
tion Commission sent an urgent
communication to Manipur's chief
electoral officer telling him to
make sure the counting of votes,
was stopped at once.
Officials in Imphal, the terri-
torial capital 1,100 miles east of
New Delhi, released results of four
races for the 30-member State
Assembly Friday night.'
An Election Commission spokes-
man in New Delhi voiced fear that
because of poor communications
within the hilly and heavily for-
ested state, even more results
might be announced before the
central government's message was
received.
The elections, to choose 520
members of Parliament and fill
3,560 state assembly seats, are
staggered over a week because
there are not enough trained poll-
ing personnel and police to handle
the total eligibile electorate of
250 million in a shorter time.
Although counting will be
started across the country after
the last polling stations close
Tuesday night, fairly complete re-
turns are not expected before next
weekend.
CHALLENGE
"Cypernetic Challenge in the University"
"STUDENTS SEE that in spite of all the
pseudo-democratic rhetoric indulged in by the
deans of students, no shreds of power will
come to them."--Weiss
DR. JOHN WEISS
Asst. Prof. of European History
of Wayne State University
"WANTED: A society for the prevention of
cruelty to undergraduates."
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GUILD HOUSE
802 Monroe
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U
A MUSKET '67
C
COLE PORTER'S
ANYTHING
GOES
sensitization to a chemical. No
drugs or shots; drops of the
chemical are put on the skin.
Chemistry students not eligible.
Must be 21 or over, and plan
to be in town for at least 3
months.
Male subjects only at this time.
HIGH PAY:
$15-$50 for a series of
5-minute visits. (Depend-
ing on length of series)
"THE SOCIAL ROLE of the American college
helps to explain the brutal fact that ultimate
authority is vested in men who are quite
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