Seventy-Sixth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHTIGAN
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The CIA: Spreading the Gospel
2 - I-R-IPM
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Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 1967
NIGHT EDITOR: STEPHEN WILDSTROM
I
The Engineering Faculty:
A Defense of Seizure
By DAVID KNOKE
THE "INVISIBLE government"
became painfully visible once
again this week. The United States
Central Intelligence Agency was
discovered secretly funding the ov-
erseas activities of the U.S. Na-
tional Student Association and ten
other student, business and po-
litical organizations.
In addition to the NSA, other
groups linked to the CIA included
The Pan American Foundation,
connected with the University of
Miami in Florida; The Interna-
tional Marketing Institute, a pri-
vate group that gives seminars at
the Harvard Business School; and
the American Society of African
Culture which provides works by
American Negro writers to African
universities.
And yesterday, Walter Reuther
of the United Auto Workers said
that the CIA's involvement with
the AFL-CIO is a lot bigger story
than the'disclosure of CIA sup-
port of student groups.
The President has'Bordered an
investigation into the threat this
collusion holds for "the integrity
and independence of the educa-
tional community." He has ap-
pointed a commission headed by
HEW Secretary John W. Gardner,
Attorney General Nicholas Katz-
enbach and CIA Director Richard
Helms to formulate new guide-
lines for governmental relations
with international programs of
American educational organiza-
tions.
Johnson was rumored to have
ordered an immedaite cutoff of
secret aid programs to student
groups, while Sen. Eugene McCar-
thy (D-Minn.) advocated the for-
mation of a Senate Select Com-
mittee to investigate the CIA's re-
lationships with all domestic foun-
dations.
THE CIA WAS created in 1947
under the direction of the Nation-
al Security Council to gather and
disseminate information and ad-
vise the council on "matters of
national security." But it ha a
history of poking its nose into
ordered an immediate cutoff of-
ing foreign policy for the U.S. on
its own.
One of the latest cases was the
claim by Singapore Prime Minis-
ter Lee Kuan Yew last August that
a CIA agent in 1960 had offered
him a $3 million bribe to conceal
a bungled espionage venture. The
charge was first denied and later
confirmed by the State Depart-
ment.
The press began recalling other
incidents similar to the Lee af-
fair: the abortive Bay of Pigs in-
vasion, stuffed ballot boxes in La-
os, attempted overthrow of Indo-
-nesia's Sukarno, doctored sugar
to be shipped by Cuba's Castro to
the Soviet Union, and the Domin,-
can Republic intervention in 1965:
THE CIA's involvement in aca-
demice ventures began coming to
light last year, at the instigation
of Ramparts Magazine. In the
May. 1966, issue, the liberal Cali-
forria-based magazine charged
that a Michigan State University
technical assistance program to
South Vietnam under the late Ngo
Dinh Diem had been infiltrated
and used by CIA agents for "coun-
ter - intelligence" purposes. Al-
though the accusations were de-
nied by MSU officials, other uni-
versities, including the Massachu-
setts Institute of Technology, has-
tily cancelled their research con-
tracts with the CIA.
The CIA's relationship with the
NSA in particular began in 1952.
The Soviet Union, immediately af-
ter World War II, had begun to
organ'ze and propagandize a world
student movement. The Russians
financed many congresses and in-
ternational student organizations
that brought youths from Com-
munist and underdeveloped coun-
tries together.
The NSA student leaders want-
ed to counter this trend by carry-
ing on international activities of
' their own. Yet the NSA was iden-
tified at home as being politically
oriented to the left. Major sources
of private funds of international
activities did not appear. So the
CIA stepped in with offers of as-
sistance. Secrecy was maintained
to prevent Communist charges
that the NSA was government
controlled. Only the two senior
officers of NSA plus top govern-
ment and CIA officials were privy
to the "supersecret".
The amount of assistance, put
at $200,000 in the earlier years,
tapered off to $50,000 towards the
end of the relationship. The 1965
NSA president, Philip Sherburne,
began the termination over basic
policy differences with the agen-
cy s Covert Action Division No. 5,
alleged to have been in charge of
the student program abroad. The
withdrawal was completed under
current President Eugene Groves
by the beginning of this year.
LIBERAL SENATORS have been
trying for a dozen years to set up
a supervisory committee to main-
tain some semblance of control
over the CIA's secret activities,
but effective opposition from Sen.
Richard Russel (D-Ga.), head of
the congressional CIA "watchdog"
subcommittee, has prevented any
such moves.
Last year, McCarthy and Sen.
J. W. Fulbright (D-Ark. tried un-
successfully to expand the sub-
committee to include several mem-
bers of the Senate Foreign Rela-
tions Committee.
"It would be more desirable,"
Russell said, "to abolish the CIA
and close it up, lock stock and bar-
rel, than to adopt any such the-
ory as that all the members of the
Congress of the United States are
entitled to know the details of all
the activiites of this far-flung
organization."
THE CIA, supposedly an infor-
mation-gathering and policy-exe-
cuting body, has behaved as though
it were a policy-making arm of
the government. The crux of the
furor against the CIA's entangle-
ment in the scholastic groups is
the agency's persistence in keeping
secret all of its operations, hid-
den even from its nominal over-
seers.
The extent of the activity in
which NSA leaders were involved
with the CIA may never be as-
certained. Ramparts asserts that
the agency had an active part in
the selection of personnel for
NSA's foreign activities.
Even if that were not the case,
the guilt-by-association has now
spun a web reaching back many
years to involve and discredit the
good intentions of many past NSA
rtelations jobs with the Govern-
Pt esidents now holding foreign
ment.
But the issue runs much deeper
than the duping of the student
organizations, which is after all
only one incident in a long his-
tory of such maneuverings.
Because the existing alterna-
tives have led to blatant blunders
in the past, Congress may soon be
locking to Sen. Russell's "more de-
sirable" solution to the problem
of CIA autonomv
A GROWING united front in defense of
the Cinema Guild's right to show
"Flaming Creatures" was broken Thurs-
day when the faculty of the Engineering
College passed a resolution charging that
"persons within the academic communi-
ty have indeed exceeded the bounds of
common decency and reason."
Though the statement spelled out plat-
itudes on constitutional rights, it urged
"the administration, faculty and students
to take appropriate action to regain some
acceptable point of equilibrium" in the
aftermath of Jack Smith's controversial
film.
IHE TERSE RESOLUTION begins by
warning that "freedom of inquiry"
must be "jealously guarded from attack
both from those outside the academic
community who might seek to restrict it
and from those inside who interpret such
freedom as license to go beyond the
bounds of common decency." Apparent-
ly, the engineering faculty have become
expert legal and film critics by insinuat-
ing that outside the academic community
the same judgment as theirs might be
"restrictive."
Furthermore, the resolution's conclu-
sion is "on the basis of available evi-
dence." Exactly what, one wonders, was
that available evidence? Certainly very
few of the faculty members could have
attended that first-and only-perform-
ance. And certainly, if even a few of them
were there, it would take superb powers
of prohpecy to determine the legality of
an hour film from the 10 minutes which
were shown.
THE ENGINEERING faculty, just like
the Ann Arbor police and other self-
appointed protectors of the public mor-
ality, have passed judgment through
hearsay. They have based their decision
on advertisements and on descriptions,
selectively overlooking such items as a
review in The Nation which applauded
"Flaming Creatures" as a fine creative
work.
Perhaps the film was neither fine nor
creative; however, neither the engineer-
ing facultynor anyone else on the cam-
pus was permitted to judge for them-
selves, and that is the injustice.,
THE CHORUS of disapproval which fol-
lowed the Cinema Guild seizure has
been answered in an attempt to restore
the "equilibrium." The engineering fac-
ulty's resolution should also restore the
realization that even enlightened mem-
bers of the University community are
willing to judge without evidence in their
attempt to "shield" us all from indecency.
-ROBERT KLIVANS
Letters:UCLA Professor Blasts Reagan
Russell's Kangaroo Court
WHAT HAD ONCE appeared to be a ser-
ious attempt to root out the facts be-
hind the effects of U.S. bombing in North
Vietnam appears to have degenerated
into a theatrical stunt.
The "International War Crimes Tribun-
al," allegedly organized by 94-year-old
Bertrand Russell in England reportedly
offered television cameramen passage in-
to North Vietnam-for a high fee.
Both the National Broadcasting Com-
pany and Columbia Broadcasting System
flatly refused to pay for the "privilege"
of accompanying the investigating com-
mittee now cellecting evidence of "war
crimes" in the North. The evidence is to'
be used in a "Trial of President Johnson,"
later this year.
FACT that this trial has no offi-
cial sanction makes the whole event
appear to be a stunt planned for the
pockets of promoters.
Certainly American networks are anx-
ious to get cameras into North Vietnam,
but it is a good sign that a desire for
profit has not outweighed their sense of
responsibility as reporters of news.
The first investigation team left dur-
ing Christmas and returned to Europe
several weeks ago. The second team left
for Hanoi about Jan. 10 and some of its
members are still there. A third group
will leave for North Vietnam shortly.
But the fact that three investigation
teams for the committee have been al-
lowed such free access to the North and
are able to wield influence to get Ameri-
cans into the country smacks of inside
dealings with the North Vietnamese gov-
ernment.
Admittedly, when the teams complete
their tours and return to England, they
will bring back information important to
American interests, A fair-minded ap-
praisal of our current policy depends on
accurate information on the effect of
bombings. Unfortunately, however, the
Russell committee seems bent on using
this data'to find President Johnson guilty
in the trial with as much fanfare as pos-
sible.
AN INVESTIGATION of this consequence
demands official sanction to insure
objectivity. In previous instances, United
Nations observers have performed the
function of visiting countries to deter-
mine whether flagrant violations of in-
ternational law were being perpetrated.
Why doesn't the Russell group present
its case before an international body of
this type instead of a kangaroo court?
-WALLACE IMMEN
To the Editor:
IN THE BELIEF that the views
of a former resident of Ann Ar-
bor and U. of M. staff member
(1948-1962) (now a resident of the
Golden State and a registered Re-
publican) may be of interest to
your readers, I have prepared the
following remarks:
The University of California
with nine campuses has become
the largest university in the coun-
try. Of these campuses, the Berke-
ley campus is the oldest and most
distinguished; some say it is the
best university in the land. It has
also been afflicted by demonstra-
tions and unscheduled student ac-
tivities that were exaggerated as
riots.
In any event, the new Reagan
regime promised to "clean up"
the Berkeley mess and take care
of the assorted beatniks, sexniks,
Vietniks and no-good-niks. How
this was to be accomplished was
not explained before the Novem-
ber election. The new regime also
called for economy in government,
which was to amount to a 10-per-
cent-across-the-board cut in budg-
et.
MEANWHILE the university pri-
or to the election, had carried on
with its appointed task of educat-
ing the youth entrusted to its
care, carrying on research, adult
education programs, etc. The press,
which gleefully reported the do-
ings of Mario Savio and his news-
worthy associates, buried onaback
pages or never mentioned at all
the efforts of hundreds of our
students who gave up holidays and
free time to teach reading, writ-
ing and arithmetic to the little
Negro children in the ghetto.
Press photographers who hap-
pily recorded for posterity each
filthy beatnik had no film to waste
on neat young men and women
with little bucketsecollecting nick-
els and dimes to send little under-
privileged street urchins to sum-
mer camps, where they could fill
their lungs with fresh air instead
of Los Angeles smog.
THERE WAS an ever-increasing
horde of these young men and
women who needed education,
much of it of an advanced tech-
nical character. The campuses at
Berkeley and Los Angeles were
jammed to capacity with 27,500
students each, and the new cam-
puses at San Diego, Santa Cruz
and Irvine were to be expanded as
rapidly as possible to take care of
university enrollment upwards of
100,000 in a very few years.
The state contribution to the
budget for 1966-67 had been $243
million. The university regents, a
group of dedicated, generally con-
servative folks of independent
means had asked for $273 million
in view of the accelerating de-
mand on university services. In
late 1966, state officials had sug-
gested that this be trimmed to
$260 million; the regents are re-
ported to have agreed that by
slowing down expansion this could
be accomplished without harm.
THE ESTEEM in which higher
education is held by the "creative
society" is shown by the fact that'
they demanded a state contribu-
tion of $192 million instead of
$243 million or $260 million pre-
pared by the state agency.
By the impeccable logic of the
creative society this is only a 10
per sent cut! Why? Well you
grab some money from the re-
gents contingency fund and
charge the students higher fees-
say $450 on top of an incidental
fee of some $200 a year.
While state agencies which re-
ceived a 10per cent cut were per-
mitted to trim their services, the
university and the state college
system with their huge bites were
expected to expand their services
and handle more students than be-
fore.
In the legislature power is so
evenly divided between opposing
parties that the veto by the gov-
ernor could not be overridden.
Hence, U-C must face the con-
tingency that the "creative socie-
ty" budget of $192 million may
be rammed through.
THE BATTLE CRY of the new
regime is: "Let the beneficiary pay
for his education. All deserving.
hardship cases can be taken care
of by loans and scholarships."
Unfortunately, the beneficiary
often is unable to pay because he
does not have the earning capacity
until after he gets his education.
This often requires graduate work
after four years of college. In
theory he can borrow the cash
for four to eight years of educa-
tion. But did you ever try to bor-
row money from a bank with no
collateral?
As for scholarships, they never
will suffice to take care of all de-
serving candidates. The adminis-
tration of such a system would be
costly, cumbersome and cursed
with red tape.
HEAVILY increased fees will not
hurt the kids from Bel Air or
Pacific Palisades, nor those from
depressed areas where few get to
college. Those who will be hurt are
from families with moderate in-
comes who can barely make ends
meet at the present time-many of
them are Negroes or Mexicans who
have worked their way up out of
their respective ghettoes.
California has always prided it-
self on its low-cost public higher
education. The regents have al-
ways supported this principle.
Bonds for higher education drew a
heavier "yes" vote than did the
"creative society!"
Highly sophisticated industries,
often working on huge govern-
ment contracts have benefitted
from a large supply of skilled
workers. Does cutting down the
source irprove the position of
these industries?
NOW CALIFORNIA fiscal com-
plications are used as an oppor-
tunity to take it out on the stu-
dents. There is no economic cris-
is in the Golden State and at-
tempts to compare it to the Mich-
igan problems of some year's back
are exercises in sophistry and ob-
fuscation. The state can, well afford
to take as good care of the edu-
cation of its youth as it did in
the days before the "creative so-
ciety."
Just come out and examine for
yourself the vulgar display of pri-
vate opulence-if you can see it
through the smog. Ubiquitous, ar-
rogant, exhibition of garish luxury
casts a curious light on the pre-
tense that California cannot pay
the cost of educating. those on
whom its prosperity so largely de-
pends.
DURING THE REGIME of Clark
Kerr the administrative structure
of the University was revamped;.
two brand new campuses intend-
ed to accommodate 55,000 stu-
dents were established, and sev-
eral older ones were greatly ex-
panded. The student body enroll-
ment essentially doubled, and the
university achieved enviable dis-
tinction.
The detestable purge of this con-
scientious, able, hardworking man
who bitterly opposed running the
university as a police state was a
tragedy. In fact, the faculty voted
not merely to deplore this action
but to condemn it.
SOME REGARD the distin-
guished architect of the "creative
society" as a bungler and inept
administrator. I do not agree. I
believe he knows exactly what he
wants to accomplish and how to
do it-with speed, dispatch and
consummate skill.
--Prof. Lawrence H. Aller
University of California at
Los Angeles
q
LETTERS
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U A il
.-W
'I<<
-1
I
Bravo for PTP.
SEVERAL WEEKS AGO, subscribers to
the .Profestsional Theatre Program's
Play of the Month series received an an-
nouncement: PTP was changing its plans,
submitting "Half a Sixpence" for "Lion
in Winter," and "Marat/de Sade" for "Aft-
er the Fall."
The Daily is a member or the Associated Press and
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Published at 420 Maynard St., Ann Arbor, Mich.,
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Average press run-10,000.
Second class postage paid at Ann Arbor. Michigan.
420 Maynard St., Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48104.
Editorial Staff
MARK R. KILLINGSWORTH, Editor
BRUCE WASSERSTEIN, Executive Editor
CLARENCE 7FANTO HARVEY WASSERMAN
Managing Editor Editorial Director
JOHN MEREDIITH....... Associate Managing Editor
LEONARD PRATT ........Associate Managing Editor
CHARLOTTE WOLTER ... Associate Editorial Director
ROBERT CARNEY ...... Associate Editorial Director
BABETTE COHN .................. Personnel Director
ROBERT MOORE.................. Magazine Editor
CHARLES VETZNER..................Sports Editor
JAMES TINDALL...........Associate Sports Editor
JAMES LaSOvAGE............Associate Sports Editor
GIL SAMBERG..............Associate Sports Editor
'rTOAR _ CI (OPT ........Photowravhv Eidtor
Not even an Ann Arbor audience, ac-
customed as it is to the regular superla-
tive fare provided by PTP's theatrical
entrepreneurs, can fail to take apprecia-
tive note of the coup involved in bringing
"Marat/de Sade" here.
"Marat/de Sade" (actually, "The Per-
secution and Assassination of Marat as
Performed by the Inmates of the Asylum
Charenton under the Direction of the
Marquis de Sade") is unique-the kind of
theatre event which occurs once every
decade. It has prompted rare excitement
throughout the theatre world.
The play isn't making any other Mich-
igan appearance on its national tour. The
PTP is presenting it next Monday and
Tuesday. Capturing "Marat" for Ann Ar-
bor is thus a fine accomplishment for a
program whose great accomplishments
are usually taken for granted.
-MARK R. KILLINGSWORTH
Editor
Donner Honor
'H E UNIVERSITY'S Annual Business
Leadership Award will be given to
FrTehiti e Gnonner h nord chnirman nd
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"Only four weeks ? ? . .. It took ME four years
to get a credibility gap this wide . ."
"... Let's re-shoot that last scene . . ."
. .........::...................*.... **.**....**.
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U.S. Shoul Follow Kosygin Formul1a
HAROLD WILSON, speaking of
his talks with Alexei Kosygin,
has just said that last weekend
peace in Vietnam "was almost in
our grasp . . . One simple act of
trust could have achieved it."
What might such an act of
trust have been? Presumably it
would have been a statement or
an action by Hanoi which signi-
fied that it would halt the flow
of men and materials to the
South. That would have been ac-
companied by an American order
halting the bombing of North Viet-
nam.
by a reduction of Hanoi of its
military action on the ground.
Thus, military reciprocity is not
now a workable formula for pro-
ducing the negotiations which, the
President has so often insisted, is
the immediate objective of our
military actions. The question then
arises whether military reciprocity
is the only, the best or even the
most practical and realistic for-
mula to use in these preliminary
discussions.
I THINK it is not. I believe that
true reciprocity can be had only
Today
ra i (
1021 OI TOW
rnd
T omorrow
By WALTER LIPPMANN
world last week that if there were
a cease-fire in the air over North
Vietnam "the way would be clear-
ed to the negotiating table . . . to
seek a way to a political settle-
ment of the Vietnam problem."
THEEEFORE, in my view, we
should take Kosygin at his word
and should reply that we will sus-
pend the bombing on the under-
standing that the Soviet Union in-
tends to promote a conference.
This would be not only promis-
ing, but widely acceptable at home
and abroad. It would also be a
very strong position forthe gov-
ernment to take. It rests on the
assumption that, unless the con-
trary is proved, Kosygin is not de-
ceiving us when in effect he prom-
ises a conference if the bombing
in the North is suspended.
er and tougher than in fact It Is.
For it is almost impossible to de-
fine nilitary reciprocity when you
have to compare guerrilla forces
and highly organized professional
forces.
One of the essential character-
istics of this war is that the great
majority of the fighting forces on
the other side can disappear and
reappear without our being able to
keep close watch on them. What
could be watched, what can be
kept track of is bombing and gun-
fire: a violation of a cease-fire