WALLACE AND THE
'LITTLE PEOPLE'
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Seventy-Six-Years of Editorial Freedom
VOL. LXXVII, No. 13S
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, MAY 19, 1967
SEVEN CENTS
SIX PAG
Fiscal
Reform
Plani
Get
Senate
Approval
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*
*
*
*
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House Committee Passes Draft Bill
Calling 19-Year-Olds, Deferments
WASHINGTON (P)-The House!
Armed Services Committee ap-'
proved yesterday a bill to permit
drafting 19-year-olds first. But
four Democrats described its con-
tinuation of college deferments as
"unconscionable."
Rep. Floyd V. Hicks (D-Wash)
cast the only vote against the
bill, which was approved 35 to 1.
Chairman L. Mendel Rivers (D-
SC) forecast no difficulty in pass-
ing the bill next week.
But Hicks, and Reps. Otis G.
Pike (D-NY), Frank E. Evans (D-
Colo) and Robert L. Leggett (D-
Calif > filed minority views in
which they contended that "in
time of war student deferments
are unconscionable."
Continued Deferment
The bill would permit continued
the committee said some boards tical skills deferments, require
have individuals over 90 on them. prosecutions under the act to get
Hicks said he voted against the priority in court, make alien phys-
bill primarily because it makes no icians admitted for permanent res-
provisions for calling reservists idence liable up to the age of 35
to meet increased manpower needs. and revise the methods for deal-
"I'm getting letters," Hicks said, ing with conscientious objectors.
"from people whose sons are call- The latter change restores the
ed up in May and killed in Viet- policy, in effect before 1941, of in-
nam in October and they wonder ducting objectors first and letting
why no Reservists are being call- them make their fight to avoid
ed up." combat or service later.I
He lost on a voice vote an ef- The Senate gave overwhelming
fort to have reservists meet half approval to a four-year extension!
the manpower needs after 240,000 of the draft last week. The vote}
have been drafted in a year. The on the passage was 70-2.
administration expects some 340,- Several of President Johnson's
000 to be called this year. proposed alterations in the draft
Hicks said he probably would re- system would be possible under the
offer his amendment on the floor. Senate measure which would per-
The bill would establish a Na- mit the draft director to make
tional Manpower Resources Board various changes at the request of
to study graduate student and cri- the President.
-Daily-Thomas R. Copi
FORMER UNIVERSITY FACULTY MEMBER, H. Chandler Davis,.discusses the issues involved in the '54 dismissals in an interview
yesterday. Davis was- one of two fired.
LOOKIN BACK:
Forme r''Fca ity Meme
0 " 0
Comments on '54 Dis-missals
By PAT O'DONOHUE
First of a Series
"I made a mistake by not asking
for public hearings at the time,"
commented H. Chandler Davis,
former University faculty member
yesterday. "But there were many
people at the University who rep-
HUAC was holding hearings there
in order to investigate supposed
Communist activities in the state
of Michigan.
'They (HUAC) got my name as
the treasurer of a faculty-student
committee which had put out a
pamphlet against the HUAC com-
mittee. They then checked their
resented, to me, proponents of in-
tellectual freedom. And God help
me, I believed in them."
The time was the summer of
1954, as the nation was beginning
to react to the McCarthy era. The
University fired two professors,
Davis, an instructor in thedmath
department at that time, and Prof.
Mark Nickerson, of the Medical
School, far refusing to answer
questions posed by the House Un-
American Activities Committee
(HUAC).
The dismissals raised a storm of
controversy and several critics
contend that the act remains as
a black-mark on the University's
record.
The debate centered around
issues which have not yet been
resolved - academic freedom and
the freedom of association. It
came at a time when defending
anything related to Communism
or socialism was "imprudent at
best, and dangerous at worst."
And, the debate put the Univer-
sity right in the middle of the
controversy where to say any-
thing, one way or the other, was
sure to bring repercussions from1
one of the two sides. It was a
situation similar to the HUAC
subpoenas, and the University's
compliance with them, last fall.
At that time three University
faculty members were subpoenaed,
Davis, Nickerson and Prof. Cle-
ment Markert of thezoology de-
partment. ,.All three notified the
University of the subpoenas im-
mediately and -went to Lansing
to appear before the committee.
N E
CAPE KENNEDY, Fla.-Ma
program manager for the Nato
ministration's Kennedy Space
"personal reasons."
NASA spokesmen said the
fective Mav 31 was not cnnnec
files and got practically nothing
additional on me, not because I
wasn't active in politics, but be-
cause they didn't have very good
information," Davis said in an
interview yesterday. .I
Regardless of the value of their
information, HUAC conducted
their investigation. Nickerson and
Markert refused to answer ques-
tions before the committee by in-
voking the Fifth Amendment.
Davis, however, invoked the First.
"HUAC was attempting to fore-
close questions of a certain type
at that time, thus depriving the;
pended ,them from the faculty.
"I had gone to the administra-
tion months ahead of time and
told them what was going to hap-
pen and they had told me what
would happen," said Davis when
asked if he had expected the sus-
pension. "The only thing that was
not expected in this procedure
was the creation of a special com-
mittee before the President recom-
mended that we be fired. And the
only reason that this happened
was the unexpectedly strong fac-
ulty and student opposition to fir-
ing us," he added.
The procedures had been estab-
lished u p o n recommendations
from the Faculty Senate, with
Hatcher's concurrence. several
months before, when HUAC an-
nounced its plans for an investi-
gation. Thus the administration
had to investigate the three cases
and decide whether the men
to the three that "your refusal to
' answer the questions directed to
you by a duly authorized commit-
tee of the Congress . . . seeking
to establish the facts about Com-
munist activities in this nation
raises serious questions as to your
relationship to the University and
to your colleagues, and places up-
on you the duty to go forward toI
explain your actions."
The letter stated that the sus-
pensions were "without prejudice
to the final decision in their
cases.,"
Hatcher had indicated in pre-
vious statements, and in a tele-
gram to the HUAC chairman at
the time, Rep. Harold Velde (R-
Il. that the University would
"cooperate with HUAC's investi-
gation to the fullest extent."
In response to the suspensions,
many petitions were signed and
circulated among students and
faculty in protest of Hatcher's act.
TOMORROW:
Protests and Responses
deferments of college undergrad- ~~ ~~ ~~~ ~~ ~
uates, making them subject to the
draft after graduation. The com- 1 0
mittee also approved continuation R anl s i n l esearch
of graduate deferments for the
present.Eeferment policy was writ-Ex enditures for Last YearI
ten into the bill,a contrast with
the Senate-passed measure which
gives the President broad author- By WALTER SHAPIRO the social sciences and the hu-
ity to revise policy. The University ranks sixth manities is the University of Wis-
The other major differences ainong the nation's educational consin. Other schools spending
from the Senate bill is a provision institutions in the amount of over $3 million in social sciences
permitting a congressional veto of money spent on research, accord- and humanities research are Co-
any effort to install a lottery sys- ing to a recent study conducted by lumbia, University of Illinois,
tem for selection of draftees. Industrial Research Magazine. Michigan State, University of
Of college deferments, the four The University, which spent Kansas, New York University,
dissenters said: $52,080,380 on research during the Massachusetts Institute of Tech-
"What we are in fact saying to 1965-66 academic year, was sur- nology (MIT), and Cornell.
this year's crop of high school passed only by the University of Engineering
graduates and to every graduating Chicago, the University of Cali- In engineering the University is
class for the next four years is fornia, Cornell University, Johns second only to MIT. Three other
'you may choose between going to . Hopkins, and Columbia University. schools each spend over $11 mil-
war or going to college'." Robert E. Burrough, director of lion yearly on engineering re-
News Conference research administration, noted search: the University of Illinois,
Pike told a news conference that that "the $52 million does not in- Illinois Institute of Technology,
an amendment will be offered on volve any lab managed for the and Pennsylvania State Univer-
the floor to leave existing language government or any other agency." sity.
on college deferment in the draft Government Role The University also ranked rela-
law. But he noted, "Student de- The article notes that the gov- tively high in the amount of re-
ferments are very politically pop- ernment provides 66 per cent of search funds committed to the
ular." the research money for the na- physical sciences, medical sciences,
Pike said he also would reoffer tion's universities. According to and the biological sciences.
an amendment, beaten 23 to 10 in Burrough approximately 78 per The University was seventh
committee, that would require cent of the University's research among the 12 universities which
draft boards to be representative funds come from the government. spent more than $7.5 million on
economically and sociologically of The areas of research in which research in the physical sciences
the community. the University ranks highest in during 1965-66. Among the 13 in-
The committee put some limits the amount of money spent are stitutions which spent over $7 mil-
on draft board service. Persons the social sciences, humanities, lion for medical research the Uni-
would be able to serve for 25 and engineering. versity ranked ninth. Among the
years or until they reach the age The only school which surpasses 15 schools whose reported research
of 75. the University in the amount of in biological sciences totalled $3
There are no limits now and ! funds committed to research in million or more, the University
was fifth.
Among the areas within the par-
~ ., ~ m~- A~,'~ -i U-u~xi~ Iticipating institutions in the study,
.z1Y' Y1- 1Y - *' - 7 1l 1 -T
Passes with
No Change
In Wording
Bill Sent to House;
Floor Cleared for
Appropriations Action
By WALLACE IMMEN
The state Senate approved Gov.
George Romney's income tax bill
yesterday, although its backers en-
countered more difficulties than
they had anticipated.
The bill was exactly the same
r the bill which emerged on the
floor from caucus yesterday, eX-
cept for the addition of a provision
claiming the legislature "will not
hinder attempts to bring the plan
to referendum."
The compromises made in cau-
cus had lowered the prime tax
rates below Romney's original re-
quest. T.e personal income tax
rate was cut down to 2% per cent
(against Romney's 3 per cent).
The corporate income levy was
shaved from 6 to 5/2 per cent.
When the Senate convened yes-
terday afternoon, majority leader
Emil Lockwood predicted a final
votes on the bill would be made
during the session. But he was
worried, and said it might have
to be debated until midnight be-
fore he could bring it to a favor-
able vote.
Democrats held fast to their
cynicism of the bill's effect on the
lower income brackets an. it ap-
peared as debate began that tht
six Democratic votes necessary for
passage would be lost.
A resolution declaring that a
income tax imposed by the state
must not exceed 5 per cent had
been introduced in the morning
session.
The vote came early, however,
and Lockwood had more than con-
vinced even more Democrats than
he had previously claimed.
The bill will now be sent to the
House, which must pass the pack-
age in similar form in order so it
may be sent to Romney and signed
into law.
Romney has already claimed
that the compromise package is
acceptable to him.
The Senate is now free to work
on its backlog of bills, all labeled
appropriations measures, because
time had run out on their calendar
for all but appropriations bills.
Their main concern will center
around the appropriations budget
which must be prepared by July L,
The main portion of the appropri-
ations is for higher education, It
is expected, however, that a nume-
ber of important miscellaneous
bills will be cleared up first. Bud-
get talks will begin in about tw
weeks.
The House will most likely delay
its second round on the fiscal
package until Monday, and its
leaders have indicated that they
want to make some adjustments
in the bill before it goes to the
governor.
It is estimated the package
would raise an additional $23S
million a year to add to the state's
budget. If the bill goes into effect,
the appropriations budget would
be increased by this amount.
electorate of the right to know. I should be recommended for rein-
pleaded the First Amendment on statement or dismissal.
the grounds that this type of Hatcher explained in a letter
activity was depriving me of my - -
constitutional rights as guaran-
Davis explained.
teed bynte Frst Amendment," AAUIP Ilep
The University, prior to the
hearings, had officially held that
orts Facult
,' u"llipumsitti"ll UN
a faculty member had an obhga- By JENNIFER ANNE RHEA
tion to tell the investigating com-
mittee (UC bu i lee In April the American Associa-
membershipAC) about his alleged Communistion of University Professors re-i
mebrhpiIteCmus ported in its annual survey on the j
party and about his political be- p"Ec nmit atusurve oe
liefs. This was in accord with a "Economic Status of the Profes-n
statement issued by the American Sion" that faculty compensation
Associationl of Universities (AAU) rose 6.8 per cent in 1966-67.
a year earlier, in 1953, "a state- However, the AAUP noted that
ment which the American Civil the increase "represents a con-
Liberties Union (ACLU) properly siderable drop from last year's
thought worth attacking . it record figure of 7.3 per cent," and
proscribed the relationship be- that the inc'ease "will not suffice
tween universities and HUAC," 'for the achievement of the
said Davis.s H doubling goal"-the 1957 recom-
Within hours after the hearings, mendation of President Dwight:
in which the three refused to co- Eisenhower's Committee on Edu-
operate with HUAC, University cation Beyond the High School
President Harlan Hatcher sus- ! that faculty incomes be doubled'
within a decade.
The 1966-67 year. is the third
time in the ten year selected per-
iod that the growth rate has come
M jwithin half a percent of the 7.2
per cent annual figure necessary
to attain the doubling goal. How-
ever, the report states that "with
the exception of last year, not
since 1959-60 has the rate of
growth in compensation reached
ts current level."
Slowdown
However, the slowdown in the
j Gen. John G. Shingkle, Apollo growth rate, in comparison with
j Ge. Jon G Shigkl. Apllo last year, was enough to cause a
nal Aeronautics and Space Ad- reduction in the percentage growth
Center, resigned yesterday for rate of compensation in every area
except that for the heterogeneous
group termed "the lecturers."
resignation, which becomes ef- The report notes, though, that it
eter with the Anaoln 1 fire but it alwavs "misleading" to make
lays and percentages: professors,
$1,024, up 6.9 per cent; associate
professors, $746, up 6.7 per cent;
assistant professors, $598, up 6.5
per cent; instructors, $438, up 6
per cent; and lecturers, $1617, up
20.1 per cent.
In addition to rising compen-
sation, a general leveling trend
continued to eliminate the dif-
ferences in remuneration levels
among various types of institu-
tions.
"Average compensations of full
professors drop steadily from $19,
700 in the private universities to
$13,000 in the church-related lib-
eral arts colleges," stated the re-
port. "But, relative rates of in-j
crease vary in precisely the op-
posite direction . . . . At the pres-
ent rates of increase, then, the
public universities will catch up
to their private counterparts in
about a decade, while in less than
twenty years even the church-
related liberal arts colleges will
outpay the private universities."
The AAUP report continued its
study of average salaries by sur-
veying those increases for indivi-
duals already on the faculty. In
this analysis it is noted that the
report generally understates the
corresponding economic gains of
such faculty members.
However, all that this situation
confirms is that "promotion tends
to raise the income of the in-
dividual somewhat more rapidly
than the rate of rise of the insti-
tution's scale of remuneration."
The University ranked 21st on
the list for the institutions with
average salaries of $10,000 and
above for full-time faculty mem-
bers. Its average figure was $13,236.
The average can be depressed
by the "expansion of the institu-
tion which brings new faculty
members in from the outside,
either predominantly at the lower
ranks or at the minimum salaries
for their ranks."
}physical sciences r e c e i v e the
greatest share of research funds.
They are followed by the medical
sciences, engineering, agriculture,
biological sciences and the social
sciences and humanities.
The magazine estimated that at
least $2.1 billion was spent last
year in university-research re-
lated research, with an additional
$600 million going for 19 univer-
sity - administrated federal con-
tract research centers. For ex-
ample, the University of Chicago
operates the Argonne Laboratory,
the University of California man-
ages Los Alamos, and Johns Hop-
kins directs several research in-
stallations for the Navy.
HEW To Finance State
Study of Students' Race
By DAVID DUBOFF Eighty to 85 per cent of the
students enrolled in Michigan's in-
The Michigan Civil Rights Com- stitutions of higher education re-
mission received a $9500 grant turned the questionnaire. Mezei
from the U.S. Department of said.
Health, Education and Welfare The primary purpose of the
yesterday which will make it pos-
sible for the commission to pro- k study is to determine the future
ces daa o te rcia bckgoun Imakeup of the labor force, Mezei
cess data on the racial background indicated. He said that as a civil
of students at the state's colleges rights agency the commission is
and universities, 'interested in determining the
Processing of the data has been areas in which there will be too
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