Seventieth Year
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Ten Opinions Are Fr UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
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STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. *"Phone NO 2-3241
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
Y, JULY 8, 1960
Displaced De
May Be Deni
THERE ARE SIXTY eighth grade students
less than forty miles from Ann Arbor who
ae apparently being denied their right to
attend high school.
These students are residents of the Carver
school district in Royal Oak Township, a pain-
ful thorn in the sides of Detroit and its pros-
perous northern suburbs.
Carver high school students have previously
been attending Detroit's Northern High School
as tuition students, paid for by their home
school district. They have now been told to
find another school by Detroit's Board of Edu-
cation. This was necessary because of the re-
putedly overcrowded conditions at Northern,
board spokesmen said.
The students, whose own school district has
yet been unable to finance addition to its first
eight grades, took their problem to their neigh-
.ors, Ferndale and Oak Park. These suburbs
are in sound economical health and have good
school systems rated among the nation's best.
O AK PARK AND FERNDALE were not ob-
livious to the Carver cry for aid. Oak Park
suggested a meeting between the four school
districts involved, which State Superintendent
of Education Lynne Bartlett attended. Fern-
dale even conceded they were willing to enter
discussions (on a temporary basis) on their
14 year old policy against tuition students.
Yet both of these districts claimed that their
own overcrowded situations made the absorb-
tion of the sixty Carver students impossible.
They were willing to help, but refused to
accept the students into their classrooms. It
this claimed lack of space the only reason for
this refusal?
wT APPEARS THAT there are at least three
major reasons for their position: the actual
lack of space, a fear that the quality of the
educational system will be lowered, and the
brutal fact of racial prejudice.
Carver happens to be an all-Negro school
district in a community with comparatively
low social and economic levels. Absorbtion of
these students would no doubt lower the aca-
demic standards of the host district, even if
it is only a slight drop. One can also predict
sourly, but with much justification, that the
amount of violence and the number of fights
in this district would increase.
Let us examine one of the involved districts,
the Oak Park one, to see how it reacts to the
Carver school problem and motives for its
refusal.
MOST DEFENSIBLE, of course, is the plea
that the school is already overcrowded.
Although a new school (not quite as modern
as Ferndale's mammoth high school of 1958),
Oak Park High has already been forced into
half-day sessions because of the junior high
population. The upper grades attend classes
in the morning, and the younger group occu-
pies the building in the afternoon. Half-day
sessions have been in effect for a year and
may continue for another one. Full-day sched-
ules will probably return when an addition to
the former junior high school building is
completed.
Thus, the actual amount of room at Oak
Park High appears a lot less now than will
actually be the case in January or, at the
latest, September 1961.
The fear that academic quality will be
NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL BURNS
troit Students
ed Education
lowered is a real one. Like Ferndale, which
has a nationwide reputation for a sound edu-
cational system, Oak Park has been producing
graduates of superior quality. The district
has kept pace with the mushroom growth of
the community and has awarded high school
degrees to relatively well educated young men
and women. Two-thirds to three-fourths of
the graduates go on to college. The 1959 class
of 179, the district's third graduating group,
had 16 National Merit Scholarship winners,
finalists and runnersup.
No WONDER THAT the district officials
and the community find pride in their
school system. They do not want to see any
drop in the academic level if they can help it.
Thus they only see the admission of sixty
Carver district students as a harmful additive
to a strong educational element.
The problem of this discomfort and others
caused by social friction is over-shadowed in
this instance by the duty of the individual
citizen to help secure the right for all child-
ren of the state to have a free and equal edu-
cation.
The Carver students are not wanted because
their educational, social, and economic back-
ground Is poor. Yet the main reason for this
background is the very denial of the education
these people are supporting.
This reason was certainly not in evidence
as the Oak Park Board of Education acted.
Their problem of a crowded school is real,
and not an imaginative excuss created to
shadow baser motives. Yet these other reasons
exist, and the deepest one, the one least evi-
dent on the surface and hardest to destroy
is the ugly existence of racial prejudice.
THE OPINION AMONG many Oak Park
residents is that the admission of any
Negro, no matter what his personal qualities
and intelligence, would precipitate a "Negro
invasion" of the suburb and cause a sharp
decline in the comfortable upper middle class
real estate values.
The only solution that was raised at the
districts' meeting was summarized by Supt.
Bartlett who appointed a committee to study
the long-range future of Carver. He said, "Per-
haps the only solution will be to establish a
ninth grade" in Carver.
The speed with which tuition money could
be converted into new classrooms and quality
faculty gains for the sixty students will have
to be phenomenal if Carver is to be ready to
educate its own high school students two
months from now, If these facilities are not
ready by September, and this is very feasible,
the students are literally without means of
public education.
IN THESE CIRCUMSTANCES, one would
think that Oak Park, Ferndale, and Detroit
would each be able to find room for twenty
students apiece and instruct them without too
much permanent harm to the current educa-
tional level. Now is the time for them to dem-
onstrate their belief in education for all, a
credo they claim is being violently flaunted
in the South. Their "sacrifice" In admitting
these students would be a lesson in human
relations and human dignity that the young-
sters and adults in four communities would
be proud to have on their school record
--MICHAEL OLINICK
"I Want You To Have Complete Freedom To Marry
Anyone I Select for You"
t V
-, .
- y
-11-17
\ 6 ' ~ tJ~Nwaro4!o r
AT CINEMA GUILD:
One for the Boys
In the Backroom
THE CINEMA GUILD'S summer program outlining the history of
the American film since the 1920's has buckled on its six-guns and
gone West with "Destry Rides Again" (1939). This is the frst and
certainly the funniest of all Hollywood's Adult Westerns, and the trip
is well worth the trouble.
Even before the credits are finished, several thousand bullets have
been fred, horses have ridden in and out of the saloon, and the town
of Bottleneck has proved to be the lawless town par excellence.
Brian Donlevy is the villian, and a good one, but Frenchy (Marlene
Dietrich) is the power behind the
throne,
FROM THE SIRENS of "Blue
Angel" and "Morocco" emerges a
supremely charming and com-
pletely inimitable bad-woman with
a heart of gold. She coos and
rolls her eyes, cheats'at cards and
finally repents, and sings, superb-
ly.
To hear "Let's see what the
boys in the back room will have"
is worth twenty times the price of
admission, and to watch her run
down the bar in sequined-and-
boaed cowboy costume while she
does it is worth even more.
Dietrich is one of the great
wonders of the century, or any
century, and her sense of style is
beyond compare, let alone criti-
cism.
* * *
JIMMY STEWART is there too,
as the nice hero who cleans up
Bottleneck, looking younger than
this generation will remember
him, but acting the same way, in
fits and starts of boyish charm.
In the process of cleaning, he does
a little work on Frenchy's morals,
just in time to have her be shot.
in the ba'ck with a bullet meant
for him.
The plot abounds in those ab-
surdities that Hollywood has used
again and again, and with a few
that they have dropped. Practi-
cally everyone is caricatured with
a gusto that seldom misses its
mark.
There is the corrupt mayor and
the alocholic sheriff, the upstand-
ing pioneer family and the town
matrons that detest the saloon
girls. And there is a great fight
between Frenchy and the hotel
keeper's wife with hair-pulling,
kicking, and screaming in more
than satisfying degrees.
* * *
IN FACT, EVERYTHING comes
in splendid Western profusion and
we need but sit and watch to have
a wonderful time. And all with-
out thinking a creative Freudian
thought.
The fly in the ointment is theI
short, a dull essay in tall corn
and the TVA. It's a good idea to
go at 7:30 and Just avoid the
whole boring thing rather than
suffering through darkness and
light with the farm folk.
--Michael Wentworth
LETTERS
to the
EDITOR
Pickets Welcome
To the Editor:
WE, AS MEMBERS of Osterweil
House, were shocked at the
article which appeared in Wed-
nesday's Daily concerning the
withdrawal of permission to hold
picketing meeting at Osterweil.
This article was given to The
Daily without the authorization
of a majority of the membership
of the house and contains several
inaccurate statements.
The picketers have been meet-
ing at Osterweil periodically since
last April. Throughout this period
there has been no substantive
damage done to the house. The
meetings have been held quietly in
the living room, so quietly that
several members, who now claim
to object, did not realize that a
meeting was' taking place. The
leadership of the picketing group
has continually emphasized that
the group is the guest of the
house and has behaved accord-
ingly.
The picketers are not a serious
inconvenience. They are a group
closely allied in their beliefs and
goals to the cooperative move-
ment. The Inter - Cooperative
Council operates on the principle
of open membership, believing
that all people can live and work
together. Our houses on campus
are a living example of these
igoals, which are similar to those
toward which the picketing group
is striving to achieve in the larger
society.
-Mary Louise Pekar, '62
President
-Amy Sue Miller, '61A&D
--Delores Zemis, '61
-Barbara Goldman,'60Ed.
New Books at Library
Wellman, Paul I.-Stuart Sym-
ington; N.Y., Doubleday & Co.,
1960.
NEED TO INFORM PUBLIC:
Scientists Warn of Crisis
By FRANK CAREY
Associated Press Science Writer
WASHINGTON - A group of
scientists charged yesterday
that most scientists are lax about
keeping the public informed on
important issues with which they
deal.
A special committee of the
American Association for the Ad-
vancement of Science said this
failure has contributed to an im-
pending crisis which "may dis-
rupt the history of mankind." The
Association is the world's largest
general organization of scientists.
In what was described as a
major policy statement-growing
out of more than five years' study
-the nine-man committee chal-
lenged the scientists to speak out
directly to the public.
* * *
THE GROUP SAID scientists
have "a serious and immediate
responsibility to mediate the ef-
CUBAN SITUATION:
U.S. Begins Move
To Stop Castro Regime
By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
STILL TRYING TO AVOID direct intervention, the United States
nevertheless has now taken the first direct step toward elimination
of the Castro regime in Cuba.
One step after another now will have to be taken to prevent the
strategic island, lying across the hemisphere's trade routes not far,
from the American shore, from becoming a Communist outpost.
There can be little doubt that the Communist sphere will respond
to Castro's sugar crisis by taking more and more of the product in
trade-at Communist rates of exchange. They may treat Castro well
i THEIR OPINION:
Smoke-Filled Classrooms
WHY DO WE HAVE to listen to lectures in
smoky classrooms?
This is a question often raised by perplexed
students always attentive to what their pro-
fessors lecture after careful preparations,
Tobacco was originally produced for the pur-
pose of relaxing strained feelings or stimulat-
ing nerves. Therefore, it is quite natural that
the more the world becomes tense and full of
complexity, the more people look for relaxa-
tion or stimulation.
In this respect, we are not hesitant to admit
the need for cigarettes.
However, we want to suggest that students
who have a strong weakness for smoking in
classrooms keep in mind some etiquette espec-
ially as smokers.
In no other country is a man or woman given
the right to disregard others by smoking at a
place where such a habit is not desired or is
prohibited.
UNFORTUNATELY, in our University, stu-
dents have formed a bad habit of smoking
in their classrooms in a recess. We do not
mean to ask them to stop it during that time
since they are entitled to it, but what we want
to suggest is "please not in the classroom."
A certain professor complains of his smoky
classroom whenever he enters it a bit behind
time, and even criticizes its atmosphere as that
of a local tea shop or cabaret where usually a
large numher nf nnn1 re nakdin in lg.-
Studying in a smoky classroom, it goes with-
out saying, is very harmful to one's health-
already recognized by students whose common
sense is highly developed, unlike children.
Students seated in the back rows of a class-
room are often hardly able to read small words
written on the blackboard because of smoke
hanging low.
If this bad tendency continues, it will be
impossible to improve conditions for studies
however strongly we may press the school
authorities for the improvement. Such being
the case, we sincerely hope that smokers will
be discreet enough to stop reckless smoking
in classrooms.
ON THE OTHER HAND, there are two rea-
sons for students indulging in reckless
puffing in their classrooms. One is that sev-
eral professors come to their classrooms two
or three minutes behind time, irritating their
nerves. The other is that they take to smoking
in order to divert themselves from constant
strains resulting from studying their difficult
lessons day after day.
According to the latest theory concerning
the effects of cigarettes on cancer, it is said
their relations have become closer, as evi-
denced by an increase in deaths over those
by tuberculosis which once used to show the
highest rate of death in Japan. It is also said
that smoking in an irritated state of feeling
t i. n Q ..r n--a v- an nr s a. no*..nn.a jli . ar
now for political purposes, but
they'll have him hooked just the
same.
THE UNITED STATES appar-
ently has considered this prospect,
along with the outlook that the
hook will be further set if eco-
nomic sanctions are now set up by
Joint action with other American
states, as against the prospect
that Castro can be forced out be-
fore the Soviet Union can move in.
Certainly now the Cubans are
going to have a chance to judge
whether they profit more from
the revolution, which has helped a
great many of them in short term
ways but which heads faster and
faster for economic collapse, or
from regular relations with the
United States.
As Castro confiscates more and
more foreign business without
hope of paying for it, his odor
will become worse and worse for
the other Latin American states
who need a stable atmosphere in
which to set up various inter-
American development programs
now being established.
THESE GOVERNMENTS are al-
ready backing the United States
privately -especially thoseswho
will help fill Cuba's shoes as sugar
suppliers. The question is whether
they will risk the old cry of "im-
perialist collaboration" in con-
certed action against Castro in
public.
Time after time the American
states have considered gingerly
the establishment of an interna-
tional police force to handle in-
flammable situations.
The idea is being kicked around
again, especially in connection
with reports that the Soviet
Union issending armst in Castrn
DELEGATIONS-
May Contest
Credentials
WASHINGTON -Delegate con-
tests are shaping up for the
Democratic national convention.
They involve charges of party dis-
loyalty and violation of a good
faith rule.
As yet, not a single contest is
in the offing for the Republican
convention, .
The Democratic National Com-
mittee's credential committee will
hold the first hearings on dele-
gate challenges. Its decisions are
than passed on by the convention
credentials committee and the
convention itself,
Democratic National Chairman
Paul M. Butler says his commit-
tee's credentials, or contest, group
will challenge Southern delegates
known to have publicly supported
President Eisenhower in 1952 or
1956.
THESE DELEGATES, Butler
adds, probably will be asked to
sign a "simple statement, not a
loyalty oath.' This statement will
say they come to the convention
in good faith and will support the
convention nominees and plat-
form, and favor Presidential elec-
tors pledged to the national ticket.
Refusal to sign such a state-
ment, it is assumed, would lead
to recommendations that balking
delegates be denied seats in the
fects of scientific progress on hu-
man welfare," as regards such
issues as:
The control of nuclear energy;
disarmament; population control;I
the use of scientific research in
international military and politi-
cal rivalry; the biological effectsI
of food additives; and the social
consequences of automation.
On such issues, the report said,
the task of scientists is not to
recommend specific courses of ac-
tion but "to provide for the gen-
eral public the facts and estimates
of the effects of alternative poli-
cies which the citizen must have
if he is to participate intelligently
in the solution of these problems."
* *
THE COMMITTEE'S report,
published in "Science," official
publication of the Association,
proposed a four-point program
for scientists to follow on key
issues :
1) Stimulation of discussion
within the scientific community,
to identify issues precisely and
"serve as a guide for the develop-
ment of a specific program."
2) Preparation of a detailed re-
port on prime issues, including
the relevant data, a discussion of
assumptions and sources of error
and a description of the expected
consequences of alternative courses
of action.
3) Translation of this scientific
report into complete, but less tech-
nical, forms suitable for distri-
bution to the public "through all
available channels."
4) Development of liaison be-
tween scientists and the public on
a local level.
KNOWN AS "THE AAAS Com-
mittee on Science in the Promo-
tion of Human Welfare," the
group said:
"With each advantage in our
knowledge of nature, science adds
to the already ,*immense power
that the social order exerts over
human welfare. With each incre-
ment in power, the problem of di-
recting its use toward beneficial
ends becomes more complex, the
consequences of failure more dis-
astrous, and the time for decision
more brief . ..
.there is an impending
crisis in the relationships between
science and American society ...
At a time when decisive economic,
political and social processes have
become profoundly dependent on
science, . . . . (science) .. . . has
failed to obtain its appropriate
place in the management of pub-
lic affairs.
"IN THE LAST few years," the
report said, "the disparity between
scientific progress and the reso-
lution of social issues which it has
evoked has become even greater.
What was once merely a minor
gap now threatens to become a
major discontinuity which may
disrupt the history of man.",
Members of the committee are
Barry Commnner Washingtnn
INTERPRETING THE NEWS
Russian Volunteers
U istlie Poneering
By WILLIAM L. RYAN
Associated Press News Analyst
HE MOVIE SCREEN in Moscow depicts old soldiers as deliriously
happy about the prospect of fading away.
A documentary shows a general, several lesser officers and men
from the ranks, first fighting in Berlin, then 15 years later in civilan
clothing, happily kissing one another.
They have been demobilized. Many will go to farms and factories
in remote areas Nikita Khrushchev wants to develop in a hurry. His
success with the old soldiers and their civilian compatriots in the so-
called virgin lands may determine Khrushchev's future.
The documentaries show officers, soldiers and civilians all enthus-
iastic for the tasks ahead. It is Khrushchev's propaganda to break
down real-life resistance to the idea of pioneering new areas.
* * *
KHRUSHCHEV HAS DEMOBILIZED about 250,000 officers from
the top-heavy armed forces. From them he hopes to select men to
supply leadership in remote and often forbidding areas far from Mos-
cow. He wants to use young demobilized soldiers, now being shipped
out in trainloads, as "model workers" for newly opened areas. He
wants other young Russians to supply the brains and brawn to trans-
form a wilderness.
Western observers in Moscow report a marked lack of enthusiasm
for leaving the comforts of the privileged officers class to pioneer a
wilderness.
Even Khrushchev has admitted that the pioneering spirit fades
when the men see what they are up against.
He complained recently: "Tens of thousands of young people go
to the virgin lands' singing , . , with enthusiasm . . . but when they
sort things out they begin justly to criticize."
* * *
THAT WAS PUTTING IT mildly. The pioneers are appalled at
the barracks life offered them, the lack of privacy, the impossibility of
normal family life, the lack of sufficient goods and provisions, the
dearth of diversions, the drudgery and dreadful dullness day after day.
Some live in barracks-like quarters. Some in trailers, tents-even dug-
outs. The government tries to induce girls to go to the underdeveloped
areas, but few respond.
Westerners in Moscow who have traveled in virgin lands areas
report deep resentment among the "volunteers." There have been in-
stances of labor trouble-even a strike-arising from the living con-
ditions. Often, young city people regard such assignments as punish-
ment.
Khrushchev has fired some high Communist figures for failure.in
the program. He hopes to ease the desperate problems of housing and
storage facilities in the area within two years.
But, say Westerners in Moscow, two years could be costly. Few of
those in the areas are bona fide settlers. For the rest, disillusionment
comes swiftly.
THE VIRGIN LANDS PROGRAM is an important part of Khru-
shchev's over-all agricultural plan. And he has other worries. In the
Kazakh Republic last year millions of acres of- grain were lost, mostly
because of blundering and mismanagement. Khrushchev punished
I
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