SOVIET PLOT
IN UNITED STATES
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HUMID, BREEZY
High-88
Low-70
Light winds with warm
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Seventy Years of Editorial Freedom
VOL. LXXI, No. 5S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, JULY 1, 1961 FIVE CENTS
FOUR PAGES
-AP Wirephoto
MORE SOCIAL SECURITY-President John F. Kennedy looks up from his desk after signing legis-
lation which provides for increased social security benefits and lowers the retirement age to 62.
Visible behind the President are Rep. Thomas O'Brien (D-Ill), Vice-President Lyndon Johnson,
Rep. John Byrnes (R-Wis), Secretary of Welfare Abraham Ribicoff and Assistant Secretary of
Welfare Prof. Wilbur Cohen of the University's social work school.
Kennedy Accepts Measures
In Housing, Social Security
WASHINGTON () - President John F. Kennedy signed yester-
day a multibillion-dollar housing measure intended primarily to
make home ownership easier for families wth annual incomes of
$4,000 to $6,000.
There was widely varied provisions in the bill signed into law
before a handful of Congressmen and other officials but the
legislation strongly reflects a basic Kennedy thesis. That is that
'past housing laws have helped
F: New Satellite
Fails Orbit
By The Associated Press
WALLOPS ISLAND, Va. - The
United States yesterday failed in
an attempt to loft a "beer can
satellite" into orbit for the most
intensive study yet of tiny space
bullets that could imperil man-
ned space flights.
The third stage of a four-stage
Scout launching rocket failed to
ignite after the 62-foot, 36,000-
pound rocket had made what ap-
peared to be a perfect takeoff on
its seaside launching pad.
Soon after the failure, space
agency spokesmen sazd a new at-
tempt probably would be made
in a month.
The setback-a $1.2 million loss
-came less than three minutes
after launching.
The unignited third and fourth
stages, with the satellite attached
to the latter, soared to an alti-
ture of only 107 miles before
plunging downward and hitting
the Atlantic Ocean 325 miles down
range (14) minutes and 24 sec-
onds after the takeoff.
Wrapped around the scout was
cylindrical satellite six feet long
and two feet in diameter.
The Navy announced that two
of the three satellites shot aloft
together this week apparently fail-
ed to separate, but the third is
working perfectly.
The three were fired into orbit
Wednesday night in a single
rocket from Cape Canaveral, Fla.
The two that stayed together
are working at reduced efficiency,
the Navy said.
One of diem is the 55-pound
sphere called Greb, designed to
measure x-ray radiation from the
sun. The Navy said the Greb was
rotating more slowly than was
intended and will be able to send
only about half the amount of
data originally expected.
Asks Sharing
Of Teachers
America must share its educa-
tional wealth as it has shared its
mineral wealth with the world, R.
Sargent Shriver, Jr., head of the
Peace Corps, said Thursday.
Noting the need for qualified
teachers in the United States,
Shriver said, "We must now regard
the lesser developed nations of the
world as 'here at home.' That time
has come in history."
He told the Student National
Education Association convention
that he found the leaders of these
tle relatively well-to-do through
home loans and the poor through
low-rent housing projects but
have done little for those in the
lower-middle income brackets -
whom he called yesterday the
"forgotten families."
The President also signed the
1961 social security act into law
yesterday. Men may retire at 62,
and more Americans may join.
And, for some, checks may be
fatter.
In all, 4,420,000 persons are ex-
pected to benefit from the law,
which will add $825 million to the
total social security cost in the
first year.
The first checks showing in-
creased benefits will reach the
homes of social security recipients
in early September.
Signing the bill, Kennedy said
the act's provisions will make the
social securny system "a more
effective instrument for the well-
being of our people."
He wasted little time in signing
it. The bill, ons of his key legis-
lative proposals, was passed by
Congress Thursday.
Holds Talk
With Zorin
WASHINGTON (R) - President
John F. Kennedy sought personally
yesterday to give lagging United
States-Soviet disarmament talks
a forward push by calling in the
chief Soviet disarmament nego-
tiator.
In a half-hour chat with Valer-
ian A.- orin, Kennedy stressed
the importance the United States
attaches to getting a disarma-
ment accord.
The White House meeting cli-
maxed two weeks of talks between
John J. McCloy, the United States
disarmament chief, and Zorin,
Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister
and Ambassador to the United
Nations. Little progress has been
made in the discussions.
Presidential press secretary
Pierre Salinger announced the
negotiations will recess here and
be resumed in Moscow July 17.
The United States-Soviet dis-
cussions are aimed at setting up
a multi-nation general disarma-
ment conference. But it appears
doubtful now tha any such con-
ference could be started by the
target date of July 31.
* McCloy and Zorn have argued
over makeup of the general con-
ference. The Russians want 15
nations, split five-five-five among
Communist, neutral and Western
countries.
The Soviets have called also for
merging the Geneva nuclear test
ban talks into the general con-
ference.'
May Bolster
U.S. Forces
For Berlin
Study Adding Division
To European Troops
WASHINGTON Wi) - The
United States may send some ad-
ditional military forces to Europe
later this summer in preparation
for a possible showdown with
Russia over West Berlin.
This is reported to be one of
the measures under consideration
in the administration for dealing
with the Berlin crisis. Officialst
expect tenson over Berlin to be-
come acute toward the end of
the year.
The United States has five di-
visions in Germany as part of the1
Western European defense force
of the North Atlantic Treaty Or-
ganization (NATO). President1
John F. Kennedy wants to in-;
crease the conventional, non-
nuclear ability of this force to1
meet any Communist attack and
has urged the European allies to
build up their own strength for
that purpose.
Favor Reinforcement
Military authorities are reported
to favor the dispatch of at least1
one more United States division
to Europe. This would not only
bolster NATO defensive power but
in their view would also provide
evidence for Khrushchev of the
determination of the United States
to fulfill its commitments to pro-
tect West Berlin.
A whole range of possible ac-
tions was discussed with President
Kennedy Thursday by his top
military and diplomatic officials
during a two-hour and 40-minute
meeting of the National Security
Council.
Available information yesterday
was that the President did not
immediately make any firm de-
cisions on steps to be taken in
preparation for dealing with the
Berlin situation. These are ex-
pected, however, in the next two
or three weeks.
Renew Studies
The National Security Council
session resulted mainly in the
assignment of specific aspects of
the Berlin problem for further
study and concrete planning by
various administration leaders in
the State and Defense Depart-
ments and other government
agencies.
The President and the Council
did hear a report from former
Secretary of State Dean Acheson,
who had been assigned by Ken-
nedy to study the Berlin problem
and coordinate recommendations
for dealing with it.
Acheson's report apparently
completed the first phase of ad-
ministration work on the problem.
The second phase of detailed
planning is now underway. This
is due to continue through next
week with another security coun-
cil meeting expected week after
next.
Top officials said the President
is being guided in this - planning
by Unted States allies to meet
further Soviet threats and pres-
sures and possible aggressive ac-
tions in Berlin; the other is to
keep open the possibility of a
negotiated end to the crisis.
NEW YORK (AP)-The largest of
striking seamen's unions reached
tentative accord with ship owners
yesterday.
The breakthrough in a compli-
cated deadlock could open the way
for quick settlement of a two-week
national maritime strike.
There were a number of tick-
lish odds and ends to be cleared
up, however, before the entire
group of five striking unions could
be brought into line. Thus there
was no clear present indication of
a return to sea of 'some 150 or
more American ships, stranded in
30 port cities coast-to-coast.
The7National Maritime Union,
with 37,000 members, accepted a
wage increase of slightly better
than 10 per cent, spread over four
years. In return, the NMU shelved
for the first time being the crucial
issue of its right to organize run-
away ships-American-owned ves-
sels operated underforeign flags.
There was no immediate esti-
mate of the cost of the settlement
terms, presuming they eventually
apply to all of more than, 80,000
striking seamen. But it would run
into the millions annually and,
since most American merchant
ships receive govenrment subsi-
dies, could cost the taxpayer in
the end a pretty penny.
The NMU made the settlement
contingent on acceptance of the
terms by two other striking un-
ions, with which it is closely
aligned, the Masters, Mates and
Pilots Union, and the American
Radio Association.
In addition, a government pan-
el of fact-finders sought to bring
about agreement between ship
operators and the other two mari-
time unions involved, the Inter-
national Seafarers Union and the
Marine Engineers Union. These
two have banded together more or
less independently of the other
group.
Over-all, the unions represent
more than 80,000 seamen who man
nearly 1,000 American vessels.
However, about 800 of the ships
have been riding out the strike at
sea, subject to immobilization only
if they put into port..
The unions struck June 15. The
noticeable effect on the general
LeMay Given
Air Command
WASHINGTON (YP)-Gen. Curtis
E. LeMay was sworn in yester-
day as Air Force Chief of Staff
in a White House ceremony at-
tended by President John F. Ken-
nedy and much military brass.
LeMay, 54, takes over command
of the Air Force, effective today,1
succeeding Gen. Thomas D. White,
60, who is retiring.
public was light. However, many
facets of the economy were hard-
hit, including Texas oil refineries
that were forced to close.
The unions insisted that the
problem of the runaway ships was
the chief issue. They wanted con-
cessions by the owners of their
right to organize crews aboard
such ships, where the wage scale
and other conditions are below
that of American merchant mar-
iners.
The NMU's tentative agreement
refers the issue to a government
fact-finding group for study and
eventual recommendations. About
450 American ships operate under
foreign flags, with the federal gov-
ernment retaining a measure of
control over them in the case of
national emergency.
Ships owner
right by fore
not affected t
hit the Atlant
coasts.
Labor Secre
berg made a v
off the. mariti
deadlock was
three-man pr
ing board, whc
was to prepar
for a Taft-Ha
to end the str
Instead, th
centrated onc
tion of nego
ceeded in gett
gether Wedne
48 hours later
Cole was abl
tentative pact
Kuwait Prepares D
Against Expected A
KUWAIT - Tough Bedouin tribesmen were
government last night and armored cars of1
were posted at the northern border after report
Iraqi tanks are massing across the border.
"We are ready to meet any aggression," As
State Talate Hussein told newsmen after a
security headquarters in Naift
Committee
Turns
Down
Cuba Prisoner.
MARITIME STRIKE:
Unions Reach Tentative
palace. So far there has been no
fighting, but officials here said
Iraqi forces near the border had
been strengthened during the past
few days.
Volunteers in long desert robes,
some with their own weapons,
have been flocking to the city all
day, ready to fight if necessary
against Iraqi Premier Abdel Kar-
im Kassem's claim to this oil-rich
sheikdom.
Hussein said they have all been
given rifles, forming a sort of
National Guard to back up Ku-
wait's small but well-equipped
regular army.
In Washington, State Depart-
ment spokesman said yesterday
Iraq informed the United States
two days ago that "only peace-
ful means" would be used in try-
ing to annex the rich oil-produc-
ing sheikdom of Kuwait.
"We trust that this is the of-
ficial policy of the government
of Iraq," press officer Lincoln
White said.
The Secretary of State added
that John Richmond, British po-
litical agent in Kuwait who had
been the sheik's chief adviser un-
til Kuwait became independent
last week, once more assured the
government that Britain is ready
to send military aid if needed.
But Hussein did not know
whether the sheik had asked Brit-
ish aid.
May Prosecute Official
For Leaking Berln Plan
WASHINGTON (MP)-The White House left open the possibility
yesterday that an FBI investigation of a security leak could lead to
the prosecution of a high Pentagon official.
Pierre Salinger, White House press secretary, said that if FBI
agents discover who leaked secret plans about Berlin to the press, it
will be up to the Justice Depart-
ment to decide whether to prose- 'SARDINES TO .Bt
cute.
At the same time, Salinger ac-
knowledged that the plans were B erlin S
ilitaryones. Presumably, suchS
contingency plans would be known
only in the highest echelons of BERLIN (R) -Premier Khrush-
the Pentagon. chev says the new crisis over Berlin
Newsmen asked Salinger if the will not bring another blockade,
FBI investigation had started be- but the West Berlin Senate is tak-
cause of the publication in News- ing notchances.
week magazine of an article about Scattered throughout the city,
mobilization plans to meet the are huge storage halls and silos
threat over Berlin. which cannot be approached by
the public. There and in secret,
"It would be inaccurate to say unmarked buildings everywhere
the investigation is aimed at any over West Berlin's 431 square miles
one publication or any one re- are stored Senate reserves of flour,
porter," Salinger replied. corn, dehydrated milk and pota-
Salinger would not say that toes, and sugar.
President John F. Kennedy him- "Everything," said an official
self had ordered the FBI inves- "from sardines to bobby pins."
tigation. The press secretary said Everything is there to keep the
"a number of people were involv- great city and its 2.2 million in-
ed" in launching it. habitants alive in a new emer-
"It was ordered following the gency.
receipt of information that this The quantities are top secret,
secret information had gotten but one official said:
away from the Pentagon," he "I can tell you they will last a
said. year to 18 months. And this time
they are supplies not for simple
Salinger said the FBI was asked nourishment of a beleaguered city.
to find out who gave out the They approach all the needs of a
Salaz.l
U.S. iA
In Ah
LISBON, P
Antonio Sala
day the Unit
Communist s
by lining up
ion on the is
The United
Soviet and
in United Nat
tugal's Africa
avowed aim
votes, in deli
America vers
mier told th
in a speech b
Portugal and
sions.
This movel
he said, was
tain African
rence in their
rorists in An
lent black up
In this wa
United Stat
Communisti
and expansio
The United
its North Atl
zation allies
Nations Sec
General Asse
resolutions d
halt alleged
against Afric
In New D
Nehru of Indi
ed Nationsv
tions against
the "tremend
ing all over tl
gola situation
rican territor
most beyond1
Nehru ann
introduced in
merge into I
enclaves, ad
li-both of w
Portugal's ru
claimed indep
tories have a
porate them,
Portugal hf
a UN inves
where Portug
tive terrorists
for months. S
is in force.
But report
ville in the ne
a great swath
has been tur
battlefield.
Exchange
Says Swap
Pact Incompatible
d and operated out- With 'Honot
ign countries were
by the strike, which Committee Claims
ic, Gulf and Pacific
tary Arthur J. Gold- As Own Negotiators
ain attempt to head
me strike. Then the KEY WEST, Fla. (P)-The dis-
turned over to a banded Tractors - For - Freedom
esidential fact-find- Committee told Fidel Castro yes-
ose ostensible duty it teday it would not give him "$28
e the legal grounds million or $28" in exchange for
rtley law injunction prisoners from the April 17 in-
ike. vasion of Cuba.
e fact-finders con- The answer was given to Cas-
obtaining a resump- tro's prisoner-representatives in
tiations. They suc- the committee's announcement it
ing the two sides to- would not re-form to resume ne-
sday and less than gotiations.
Chairman David L. John Hooker Jr., the commit-
e to announce the tee's executive secretary, said he
with the NMU. told the prisoners in a private con-
ference yesterday it was his "sad
duty" to inform them of the com-
mittee's decision.
'efense Blame:Indemnification'
Failure of the negotiations was
due to Castro's insistence that
Ut ekthe trade be considered "indemnif-
ication" for damages caused dur-
egiven arms by the ing the invasion, the committee
itn rmy told the prisoners through Hooker.
K uwait's tiny army "By thus changing the course
s were received that the negotiations by injecting
the concept of indemnity, Dr.
sistant Secretary of Castro sought to give the impres-
long conference at sion that the humanitarian in-
tent of private citizens was proof
of guilt," it said.
"This made acceptance of Dr.
Castro's terms incompatible with
7S jj our national honor and with our
I s erole as private citizens."
Refuse 'Honorably'
rica Vote Hooker told the prisoners that
"in the name of honor the com-
mittee finds it cannot send Dr.
ortugal (P)-Premier Castro tractors, money, or credit
zar charged yester- for indemnity. Nt $28 million or
ed States has served $28."
ubversion in Africa "It is painfully obvious that the
with the Soviet Un- prisoners, who so greatly desire
sue of Angola. Itheir liberty, cannot act as ngo-
States supported the tiators in their own behalf, and
African-Asian blocs it is to their credit that they
ions debates on Por- have not tried," Hooker declared.
n colony "with the He said the committee felt it
of collecting secure "could serve no purpose by re-
berations concerning forming because we believe it im-
us Russia," the pre- possible to make an exchange with
e National Assembly Dr. Castro."
roadcast throughout Women Cry
to overseas posses- About 300 relatives and wives of
the prisoners, mostly women, had
by the United States, been waiting for Hooker's an-
interpreted by cer- nouncement, praying and crying.
nations as concur- Police, sheriff's deputies and
open support of ter- immigration officials stood by.
gola, scene of a vio- The prisoners have been admit-
rising. ted to the United States on tem-
ay, he asserted, the porary parole.
es has served the Government officials in Wash-
policy of subversion ington have said they are free to
n in Africa. go wherever they want. Castro had
[States has split with given them 15 days in which to
antic Treaty Organi- complete their assigned mission of
in both the United explaining his position to the
urity Council and American public. He also had giv-
embly by voting for en them permission for two one-
demanding Portugal week extensions of the deadline.
repressive measures Immigration officials did not
ans in Angola. comment immediately on whether
elhi, Prime Minister the prisoners' parole would be re-
a suggested the Unit- voked in the light of yesterday's
vote economic sanc- developments.
Portugal because of The prisoners themselves gave
ous revulsion of feel- no immediate indication of what
;he world" to the An- they would do next.
. Events in the Af- They face prospects of return-
ry are "horrible al- ing to Cuba and possible lengthy
belief," he said. imprisonment in Castro's jails.
ounced a bill will be When he griginally proposed the
n the parliament to exchange of 500 bulldozers for the
ndia two Portuguese 1,197 prisoners, Castro said that if
Ira and Nagar Have- he did not receive what he de-
hich revolted against manded, the prisoners would be
le in 1954 and pro- put to work.
pendence. Both terri-
sked India to incor-T x s La s
Nehru said. Taxes
as refused to permit
tigation in Angola, On Phone Calls
guese troops and na-
s have been battling Temporary taxes on telephone
Strict news censorship calls, liquor, tobacco and corpora-
s reaching Leopold- tion franchises expired last mid-
ighboring Congo said night at a $50 million less to the
ighborthrngngoadstate treasury.
. n northern Angola Little of the money of the ex-
rned ito a desolate pired "nuisance taxes" is expected
to wind up in the pocketbooks of
the consumer, however. Spokes-
men of the affected industries
GCCLLCZhave indicated they will retain the
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