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VOL. LXXI, No. 32S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, AUGUST 12, 1961 FIVE CENTS
FOUR PAGES
TO KENNEDY:
Rusk Reports on Allied Unity
WASHINGTON () - Secrete
of State Dean Rusk reported
President John F. Kennedy on1
European conferences yesterd
and then told newsmen he h
found "a high degree of un
among the Western allies on t
Berlin problem."
Kennedy spent most of the d
conferring on Allied military a
diplomatic plans for meeting t
increasingly belligerent Sov
threat to West Berlin.
After receiving Rusk's report+
the secretary's week-long ta
with Western leaders in Euro
Kennedy arranged for a briefi
by a group of State Departme
experts inthe afternoon.
Officials said the briefing i;
cluded reports on Soviet Prem
Khrushchev's speech in Mosci
yesterday, in which Khrushch
said nothing will stop the Sov
from signing a peace treaty wi
East Germany, and East G
many's announcement that ta]
on the treaty already are und
way in Communist capitals.
Officials said they could fi
nothing new on the Berlin iss
in Khrushchev's talk, and the
was no official comment.
Announce Conference
The White House announc
that Kennedy will conferc
Monday with Llewellyn Thom
son, the United States ambasss
ior to Moscow who flew ba
from Europe last night with Rus
While there was no offici
word on what Rusk reportedt
Kennedy at their hour-long co
ference, the secretary stressed ti
Allied unity theme in talkingt
newsmen.
This, officials explained, mea
agreement on three basic points
1) That Soviet notes and t
harsh tones of Khrushchev
speeches virtually exclude the po
sibility of initiating talks with th
Soviets now on Germany and Be
lin.
2) That there should be talk
with Moscow at some point to fin
a peaceful way out of the presen
deadlock; and
3) That the West must build u
its forces in the heart of Europ
to the planned full strength of 3
combat-ready divisions before an
approach can be undertaken.
Cites Differences
When Rusk spoke about unity
he meant unity on these princi
ples, officials said. There wer
differences in details which th
Paris confrence between Rusk ani
foreign ministers Lord Home o
Britain and Maurice Couve d
Murville of France could no
eliminate.
The French and the British, a
one official who attended the Par
is conference put it, represent the
two poles, with the United States
somewhere in between.
However, this official stressed
that the two poles "are not too fa]
part."
He referred to the situation in
which President Charles de Gaulle
of France is the firmest among
the three Allies in maintaining
that there is no point in talking
to the Soviets unless they modify
their position. The British are les
rigid on the question of negotia-
tions.
Washington sources insist, how-
ever, that the difference is slight
and restricted to the circumstances
and timing 6f the negotiations,
rather than whether to negotiate
at all.
French Begin
Offense Action
Against Rebels
ALGIERS ()-French troops in
Algeria were authorized yesterday
to resume offensive action in areas
of Algeria threatened by the na-
tionalist rebels.
A government spokesman an-
nounced that the unilateral cease-
Yfire in effect since May 20 has
been modified. Under the new or-
der, French army commanders in
Algeria have more liberty of ac-
tion against the rebels.
The cease-fire that went into
effect before the first of two
fruitless negotiating sessions with
leaders of the Rebel National Lib-
eration Front. The French limit-
ed themselves to defensive action
against rebel attacks.
Jean Sicurani, official govern-
ment spokesman, told a news con-
ference:
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COMMENTS ON CONFERENCE - Secretary of State Dean
Rusk talks with newsmen after discussing the outcome of the
recent Western foreign ministers conference. He returned from
Paris yesterday.
NO EXCHANGE:
Senators
To Retain
Aid Loans
WASHINGTON (P) - President
John F. Kennedy's foreign aid
program survived a major hazard
last night when the Senate reject-
ed a move to den him long-range
authority to lend funds borrowed
from the Treasury.
An amendment which would
have forced annual congressional
appropriations for any lending
was beaten.
Approval of the amendment
would have destroyed the long-
range lending and Treasury-bor-
rowing principles which the ad-
ministration feels are vital to the
over-all success of its program.
Constitutes Victory
While preservation of these
principles constituted a major
victory for the administration, it
did not insure that the chief exec-
utive will get the full, five-year,
$8.8-billion lending program he
has wanted.
Sen. H. Byrd (D-Va), a fre-
quent opponent of administration
bills, offered the amendment to
strike the lending authority from
the pending measure to provide
$4.3 billion for forign aid this+
year. This includes $1.1 billion to+
start the long-term, low-interest
loans to underdeveloped nations.
Efforts to trim both the dura-
tion of and funds for the loan
program are expected before the1
measure comes to a final vote in
the Senate. After that, it must
clear the House where opposition
may be stronger than in the Sen-
ate.
The Senate vote came after
seven hours of debate in which he1
lending program was condemned;
as dangerous fiscal and politicalt
folly and defended as an inescap-
able responsibility.,
Indicates Supportx
An administration spokesmant
indicated he would support an1
amendment under which congres-t
sional committees would be givent
a 30-day advance look at any pro-
posed loans of $10 million or more.
No veto power would be pro-
vided but the committees culdt
register dissent and exercise pres-
sure on the administration if they
opposed a loan.
Sen. W. J. Fulbright (D-Ark)
apparently administered the final1
blow to any hopes the Byrd forces
had of carrying their amendment
or making their margin of defeatr
very narrow. He did this when heo
said he would support such anr
amendment.Y
The final form of an amendment
to accomplish this has not been
worked out but it is expected to1
be ready for offering next week.b
Kennedy PleasedI
Salinger commented that for-
eign aid has been a bipartisan ef-
fort in the past, and said KennedyY
"vas happy that this continuedo
tonight." oC
"The President thinks, of course, li
that the defeat of the Byrd
amendment, coming as it does a
while the Alliance for Progress a
conference is under way in Puntad
del Este, Uruguay, is particularly t
significant," Salinger said. d
Asked if the President consid- f
ered the vote on the Byrd amend-
ment crucial, Salinger said: "this p1
certainly was a key vote. l
Further voting on the bill wasd
put over until Monday. Final ac- i
tion is expected the latter part of ri
next week. d
East
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Administration To Deny
Recognition to Mongolia
WASHINGTON W) - The United States announced yesterday,
it has decided against recognizing now the Asian Communist land
of Outer Mongolia.
President Kennedy and his aides were said to have ruled out
exchanging diplomats with Outer Mongolia after a careful study
started soon after the Kennedy administration took office. Outer
Mongolia, a sprawling desert and mountain land about one-sixth
Tribal War
Demolishes
Luntu Village
LAC MUKAMBA, The Congo (
- Bow and arrow warriors stood
guard here yesterday over the
charred ruins of a dozen African
villages devastated in a new and
savage outbreak of tribal fighting
Luntu tribesmen and invading
Baluba soldiers from South Kasai
met in battle around this old
Congo holiday resort as soon as
UN troops were withdrawn from
the area.
Claim Massacre
Yesterday, barely a hut remain-
ed undamaged. Rows of gutted
homes stretched out for mile after
mile. Luntu survivors claim hun-
dreds of men, women and chil-
dren were butchered in the three-
day massacre.
Lac Mukamba now is like a
town withstanding a siege. It is
cut off from the outside world by
broken bridges and great jungle
trees felled across narrow roads.
Only by helicopter is it possible to
reach here.
Soldiers Withdraw
The withdrawal of UN Ghanaian
soldiers from Lac Mukamba has
never been announced and no ex-
planation has been given. There is
no sign of King Algert Kajonji's
troops, for whom the UN with-
drawal was the signal to swarm
in from South Kasai in a bid to
recover territory they claim tra-
ditionally belongs to them. After
the battle the Balubas apparently
went back to their outposts across
the disputed and undefined fron-
tier.
Japan Rightists
Demonstrate
Against Visit
TOKYO M)-About 1,600 ban-
ner-waving ultrarightists, hun-
dreds of them clad in steel hel-
mets and leather boots, clashed
yesterday with police guarding the
Soviet embassy.
The demonstrators were protest-
ing a visit to Japan next week
by Soviet Deputy Premier Anastas
I. Mikoyan.
Police, grouped in ranks five
deep, threw back two charges 200
yards from the embassy. The dem-
onstrators gave up and marched
off aftertruncheon-wielding po-
ice reinforcements rushed in.y
Officers counted one casualty
among their ranks but made no
arrests in the second organized
demonstration in three days pro-
testing Mikoyan's arrival Mon-
day. He is to open a Soviet trade
air.
Police appeared determined to
prevent a repetition of the mob
aw which blocked former Presi-
dent Dwight D. Eisenhower's vis-
t to Japan last year. But the'
ight-wingers appeared equally
etermined to even the score.
May Confer
about Cuba
MIAMI, Fla. (kP) - The Central
American republics will ask next
week for a foreign ministers' meet-
ing in September to consider sanc-
tions against Cuba, it was re-
ported yesterday.
A reliable source, who declined
to be identified, said a petition
for the foreign ministers' meeting
will be introduced at the Inter-
American Economic and Social
Conference of finance ministers
now underway in Punta del Este,
Uruguay.
Goes to Council
The case against Cuba, as set
forth in the petition, will be con-
sidered by the Council of the Or-
ganization of American States
which comprises 21 members, in-
cluding Cuba. The council must
approve a foreign ministers' meet-
ing by a majority vote. A date
for the council session most likely
will be set at Punta del Este, where
the OAS leaders are gathered.
The foreign ministers have the
power to vote sanctions ranging
from breaking off diplomatic re-
lations to armed intervention.
Use Influence
The thinking is that the OAS
members, especially the United
States, could make use of their in-
fluence with other nations to make
the embargo so effective that Fi-
del Castro would have no one to
deal with but the Communist na-
tions.
It is hoped that an embargo will
create an internal crisis which will
topple Castro. His regime might
be replaced by a provisional gov-
ernment under OAS supervision.
'FAIRY TALE':
Khrushchev Minimizes
Western War Threats
MOSCOW (P)--Premier Nikita Khrushchev declared yesterday
it is a fairy tale that the West will fight for West Berlin.
If war does come, he went on, "hundreds of millions" will die
in the resulting nuclear holocaust.
He reiterated that he is ready to negotiate on the problem of
Berlin, asserted "we will not be the first to push the button for a
rocket war," and added: "we believe common sense will win."
But Khrushchev declared nothing will stop the Soviet Union from
signing a peace treaty with East Germany. He even said Soviet
To Clamp
Control
rockets would destroy the Acropo-
lis in Athens if necessary to pro-
mote Soviet aims.
Won't Fight
"It is a fairy tale," he said,
"that they will fight for the free-
dom of the Germans in West Ger-
many if we sign a peace treaty.
"For 2,200,000 people (approxi-
mate population of West Berlin)
they want to declare war and hun-
dreds of millions of people will
perish. What man of common
sense can believe such nonsense?"
He said any Western war to
create one Germany out of two
Germanys is bound to fail. If
such a war is fought, he said, there
probably will be nothing left in
Germany to unite.
"But Chancellor Adenauer,"
Khrushchev said, "is stubbornly
pulling his Allies on the road of
threats
Prestige Drive
For the first time, Khrushchev
stated outright that his drive for a
peace treaty is firmly tied to the
question of Soviet prestige.
"The question of the fight for
a peace treaty with Germany is
not just literally for a peace trea-
ty," he said. ". . . This is a ques-
tion of a fight for recognition,
the recognition of our greatness.
Here is His Excellency, the work-
ing class of the Soviet Union,
which has organized a state with
which you imperialists and colon-
ial states have to reckon."
Khrushchev was speaking at a
friendship rally in the Kremlin
for Romanian Communist Party
Chief Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej.
Khrushchev ridiculed those who
regard the Soviet Union as a
backward, weak country. He said
American imperialism -- wealthy
fat and strong"-had become ac-
customed to regarding Russia that
way.
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rgentina Sets
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d Over Aid Plan
. PUNTA DEL ESTE, Uruguay (eP)
t -Argentina yesterday shattered
hopes of an early compromise in
s the major dispute blocking the
launching of President John F.
e Kennedy's giant Alliance-for-Pro-
s gress program.
Argentina, one of the hemis-
phere's largest and most influen-
r tial nations, warned it would re-
fuse to sign a conference declara-
tion-the act of Punta del Este-if
the other countries insisted on
creating a "wise-man" task force
to oversee development projects in
the Americas.
rA top Argentine delegate said,
while committee meetings were
held in secret at the Inter-Ameri-
can Economic and Social confer-
ence, that his delegation would not,
agree to any form of expert com-
mittee to screen development pro-
jects.
The larger nations at the con-
ference, including Argentina, Bra-
zil, Chile, Mexico and Peru, object
that the coordinating of projects
by a team of seven "wise men," as
originally proposed here, would
jeopardize their sovereign right to
chart their own economic develop-
ment.
Argentina holds that planning
for development should be left
entirely to individual nations, and
screening of projects should by
the agencies lending United States
or other foreign aid in the $20
billion outlay proposed for the next .
ten years.
Integrationists
Test Houston
HOUSTON (T) -- A group of
Negro and white Freedom Riders
from California - the first to
test integration in Houston -
were arrested at the city's Union
Train Station yesterday and
charged with unlawful assembly.
There was no violence.
The 11 freedom riders - seven
of them white - were joined by
seven Htohid.n Nepyo'n All wereV
' the size of the United States but
with only about one million in-
hagitants, lies between Red China
and Communist Russia.
Pressure Mounts
A principal reason for rejecting
recognition ,was the Communist'
mounting pressure on Berlin and
elsewhere around the world.
Some United States allies, par-
ticularly Nationalist China, and
some Senators were staunchly op-
posed to recognizing the Com-
munist regime.
The State Department, in an-
nouncing the decision, said:
"The United States government
for a considerable period of time
has been exploring the question
of establishing relations with Out-
er Mongolia and has held a series
of discussions with other govern-
ments on this matter.
Suspend Exploration
"We believe that in view of the
existing world situation it is in
the best interest of the United
States to suspend further explora-
tion of that matter at this time."
The Outer Mongolian issue is
complicated by a tussle in the
United Nations. The Soviets have
blocked UN admission of an Af-
rican country, Mauritania, unless
Outer Mongolia is allowed to be-1
come a UN member too.
Leaders Call
Parliament
Over Issue
Bolz Threatens Draft
Of Separate Treaty
With Soviet Union
BERLIN (P)-East Germany's
Communist leaders threatened
harsh measures yesterday that
may seal off the West Berlin es-
cape route and make life even
more difficult for the millions un-
der Red rule.
They also reported diplomatic
moves under way in the Commu-
nist camp to boost the status of
their regime.
A stiffening East German atti-
tude was reflected in announce-
ments on prospective refugee con-
trols and moves toward drafting a
peace treaty for Germany along
the lines Soviet Prmier Khrush-
chev has demanded.
The announcements were made
by Foreign Minister Lothar Bolz
and Deputy Premier Willy Stoph
to East Germany's Parliament,
which unanimously approved the
party line, as expected, at a spe-
cial meeting in East Berlin.
Call Session
The parliament session was
called to hear about refugee coun-
termeasures as the total of those
fleeing from East Germany to
West Berlin passed the 150,000
mark. At this time last year, 115,-
000 refugees had checked into
West Berlin reception centers.
Thousands more arrived in the
West without registering and they
all helped contribute to the de-
cline in skilled manpower avail-
able to the East German Reds.
Although no details were given,
notice of a tightening up was
posted by Stoph in a speech to the
East German Parliament.
Take Action
"The government," he said,
"considers it necessary to take
further measures against trade in
human beings, the luring of peo-
ple away, and sabotage in the
(East) German Democratic Re-
public and especially in its capi-
tal, in order to preserve the sys-
tem and guarantee the planned
building of socialism, as well as to
protect the peaceful work and life
of our citizens."
He asked the people of East
Germany to understand "if they
have to put up with certain in-
conveniences rather than sit idly
by while such things go "
Stoph did not specify what the
inconveniences would be. But he
said his regime had been too gen-
erous with its travel regulations,
thus hinting that passes migh
soon be necessary for East Ger-
mans to travel to Berlin. These
ivould no doubt go only to the
politically reliable.
Urges Germans
He urged East Germans to stay
away from Berlin voluntarily,
warning them of the "fate of
those misled people who fell into
the nets of the headhunters, and
showed that th road into the mili-
taristic West zone city was the
road to their own misfortune."
Bolz announced that Commu-
nist countries will hold a foreign
ministers meeting in the late fall
to work on a separate peace trea-
ty with the East German regime.
The announcement failed to im-
press Westerners, who have long
assumed that the text of such a
reatyhas already been drafted.
Khrushchev says he has fixed a
date for the signature, sometime
before the end of the year.
As the Communists see it, such
a treaty would give the East Ger-
man regime new power to act in
the divided city.
Moscow still recognizes its re-
sponsibilities in maintaining free
access to West Berlin under agree-
ments with the Western powers,
although the Communists talk
about them as little as possible
Brandt Warns
Aid to Impacted Areas Bill
Wins Approval of Senate
WASHINGTON R)-A Senate committee yesterday rammed
through swift approval of a bill to continue aid to school districts
where federal activities have boomed populations.
The move symbolized the death of administration hopes for any
general aid-to-education legislation at this session of Congress.
Dispensing with hearings, the Senate Labor and Welfare Com-
mittee voted 11 to 1 for a measure, introduced Thursday, to extend for
one year the impacted areas program which has been costing about
$312 million a year.
The program expired June 30 and to hasten its revival the Sen-
ate bill is to be sent to the House and acted on there under a sus-
pension of the rules. This means it
would go to no committees.
Sen. Jacob Javits (R-NY) cast
yesterday's lone vote against the
impacted areas bill. He explained
Sm s this was not because he opposes
this aid but to emphasize his
belief "that the administration
Sherman Titov told a conference leadership on federal aid to edu-
spaceship could have carried two cation has collapsed and is now
bombs." yielding its whole position for this
ay and Monday spent more than session of Congress by accepting
he earth, was the central figure a separate bill for impacted
areas."
PEACEFUL PURPOSES:
Titov Says Vostok Not Built fc
MOSCOW (IP) - Cosmonaut C
of newsmen and diplomats today his
men but "is not fitted out to carry
The spaceman, who last SundE
25 hours making 17 trips around t
of the conference even though some of the scientists who had a
major hand in sending him aloft spoke before him.
The 26-year-old pilot was remarkably at ease. All questions had
to be written out in advance, and the answers were prepared partly
by the scientists and in part ad-libbed by Titov himself. One ques-
tion brought a quick silence to the hall had to do with whether the
spaceship could carry a bomb.
"You said that you could land the spaceship Vostok II on any
point on the earth," said the written question by an American cor-
respondent. "Does this mean that you could have carried a bomb
to any point?"
"What can I say to this?" Titov replied gravely. "It has been
stated repeatedly by the Soviet government that Soviet space expedi-
tions serve peaceful purposes exclusively. I think this is common
knowledge by now and there should really be no need to repeat this.
Measures Shelved
Up until a few days ago, ad-
ministration forces had hoped to
salvage some part of $6.1 billion
in general and special aid meas-
ures now shelved in the House
Rules Committee, over the issue of
aid for parochial schools.
A single 8-7 vote in the rules
committee bottled up these three
major bills approved by the House
Labor and Education Committee:
The Senate-passed $2.5-billion
program for general aid, includ-
ing teachers' pay at the states'
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