Sunday, March 2, 1969
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
Page Th ren
Sunday, March 2, 1969 THE MICHIGAN DAILY Page Thre'e
'URBAN SOLUTION'
GOP to push suburbia
WASHINGTON (,)--A visitor
to the Agriculture Department
last week when offered a job in
the Nixon Administration, told
a newsman he would rather
continue living in Iowa.
"This isn't for me," the man
said. "I'm a farmer, a small-
town boy. That's the only place
to live."
According to surveys, many
city dwellers share the Iowan's
farm view. And while Secretary
of Agriculture Clifford M. Hard-
in hasn't drawn the line as
firmly, he does believe rural
America has much to offer the
urban population tide of the
future.
After only six weeks in office,
it seems clear that Republican
leaders will push rural develop-
ment as an answer to the grow-
ing perplexities of the cities, and
that Hardin will be a top spokes-
4 man.
If the experts are correct,
Hardin told a group recently,
the United States will have an-
other 100 million or so people
30 years from now.
"Where are they going to live,"
Hardin asked. "Will they go into
the Chicagoes and New Yorks
and Los Angeleses in the same
percentages *and proportions and
ratios that they go now?
"Or indeed are we going to
develop new growth points
throughout America in our
smaller cities, in our county
seat towns, in new cities yet to
be started?"
If the population tide sweeps
toward the rural scene, Hardin
said, planning must begin now,
including "such mundane things
as sewer systems and water
systems and electric utilities" in
small towns and rural areas.
Hardin's view was shared by
his predecessor, Orville L. Free-
man, who hammered consistent-
ly for what he called rural-ur-
ban balance.
In his final annual report as
secretary, Freeman charged that
cities which had been intended
as centers of commerce, culture,
learning and enlightenment -
"the jewels of progress" -have
instead "become ugly and de-
pressing centers of rebellion."
And, Freeman added, rural
America, with only one-fourth
of the population, includes half
the nation's poor, half the sub-
standard housing, and half the
population receiving old-age and
child-care welfare assistance.
Hardin, in helping design the
Nixon administration's blueprint
for rural development may have
a built-in advantage of consid-
erable importance to whatever
congressional support is sought
for future programs.
Simply, this is a 'subtle, per-
haps subconscious a t t i t u d e
among even the old-time city
dwellers that, as the Iowan
said, they would actually prefer
living elsewhere.
The National Rural Electric
Cooperative Association, in a
survey published recently, con-
cluded that 82 per cent of the
1,400 persons interviewed (two-
thirds urban) would rather live
in small towns or other rural
areas.
But C. B. Ratchford, Univer-
sity of Missouri extension offi-
cial, told an outlook conference
here last month that "rural
fundamentalism" appears to be
increasing, that rural 'people
seem to be more conservative
toward a rising need for rapid
changes.
Rural institutions such as
local governments, schools and
churches, he said, simply have
not kept pace with the times.
Most rural people still firmly
believe, Ratchford said, that
they have better places in which
to live, enjoy less crime and
poverty, and have greater mor-
ality than others.
"Obviously, the facts do not
substantiate this p i c t u r e,'
Ratchford said, "and the real
danger of such a view is the
justification of t h e failure
to bring about institutional
change."
*,Berlin air routes threatened
BERLINMP) -Soviet and East
German maneuvers near the air
corridors to isolated West Berlin
could result in a confrontation
with the Western allies.
The key question is whether
the Russians and East Germans
plan aerial maneuvers as well as
ground exercises, and if so, to
what extent.r
The Soviet announcement said
only that maneuvers will take
place early in March in central
and western East Germany-
between West Berlin and t h e
West German border 110 miles
away.
Many believe the maneuvers
are another Communist attempt
to hinder access to West Ber-
lin, where the West Germans
will hold their presidential elec-
tion March 5.
The East Germans, with Sov-
iet backing, already have im-
posed new restrictions on sur-
face travel, barring West Ger-
man's presidential electors, their
aides and members of the West
German armed forces from trav-
eling through East Germany to
West Berlin. This means dele-
gates to the West German Fed-
eral Assembly will be flying
there.
If the Communists send up
aircraft in numbers in the rela-
tively narrow area, they could
not avoid flying over the Berlin
air corridors and possibly be-
low the 10,000-foot level where
Western planes fly.
At jet speeds this could pose
an acute safety problem for air-
liners. '
Even if the Soviets and East
Germans do nothing overt in
the air corridors, the announce-
ment that they plan large-scale,
high-speed air formations in the
area would pose a ticklish ques-
tion for the allies:
Should the air corridors be
shut down until the maneuvers
are finished, or should meas-
VOTER
REGISTRATION
INFORMATION
662-7394
MON.-TH U RS.
5:00 P.M.-8:00 P.M.
ures be taken to see that the
airliners get through, with
fighter escorts for example.
Since the Russian blockade in
1948-49 there has never been
any large-scale Communist in-
terference with Berlin's air
corridors. But Communist plan-
es are sighted regularly by Wes-
tern airline pilots.
High-ranking U.S. officials in
West Berlin do not think the
Soviets are planning anything
serious in connection with their
objections to the West Berlin
election. It is held in West Ber-
lin every five years, and every
time the Soviets and East Ger-
mans complain it is a "provo-
cation." One American officer
said: "So far it looks like 1965."
In April 1965, the Communists
held maneuvers in the same
area for a week. They halted
traffic periodically on West
Berlin access roads and Soviet
MIGs once buzzed the city dur-
ing a session of the West Ger-
man Parliament.
It stopped there, but the har-
assment caused the United
States, Britain and France to
prohibit future parliamentaryj
sessions in West Berlin. The
three allies administer the city
.} under postwar agreements.
Observers feel this could be
the purpose of the new maneu-
vers-harrassment stopping Just
short of confrontation to force
the allies to prohibit future
West German elections in West
Berlin.
The Michigan Daily, edited and man-
aged by students of the University of
Michigan. News phone: 764-0552. Second
Class postage paid at Ann Arbor, Michi-
gan, 420 Maynard St., Ann Arbor,
Michigan 48104. Published daily Tues-
day through Sunday morning Univer-
sity year. Subscription rates: $9 by
carrier, $10 by mall,
Peru crisis alarms. investors
By JOE Mc GOWAN JR. investment is largely in Peru's
LIMA, PERU (P) - Private electric companies and a Nestle's
American investment in Peru far Plant.
outshadows all other foreign in- Following close behind are the
vestment in this South American Italians in banking and other en-
country, touching almost all as- terprises, Germans in medicines
- - I
the
news today
by The Associated Press and College Press Service
CLAY L. SHAW WAS FOUND "NOT GUILTY" yester-
day of plotting to assassinate President John F. Kennedy.
The unanimous verdict of the 12-man jury in effect re-
jected Dist. Atty. Jim Garrison's contention that "the War-
ren Commission's report was fraudulent." The commission
concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone assassin
and there was no credible evidence of conspiracy.
Garrisons case charged that Shaw conspired with Oswald
and David W. Ferrie, both now dead, to kill Kennedy. But in
his final appeal to the jury for a verdict of guilty, Garrison
also called for a "conviction of the Warren Commission" and
"excessive government power."
* . 0
FORMER PRESIDENT DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER
remained very weak and in serious condition yesterday.
Though he is fighting pneumonia while still in the crit-
ical period following intestinal surgery last Sunday, Eisen-
hower's heart continued to function well.
* !
ANTI-AMERICAN DEMONSTRATORS IN PARIS
burned U.S. flags and pictures of President Nixon yester-
day.
The protesters chanted "Nixon murderer" and other
anti-American slogans. Official Communist banners called on
Nixon to "free Vietnam."
Nixon was in Paris yesterday conferring with French
President Charles de Gaulle. The talks were described as
"frank and cordial."
No new commitments emerged from the conference. But
Nixon's press aide, Ron Ziegler, insisted that a formal decis-
ion was not the purpose of the Nixon trip. Ziegler said the
President was "seeking to begin a process of communication,
not conclude agreements."
! "
A NEW IRAQI SPY TRIAL has resulted in the con-
demnation of seven men, two or three of them Jews, dip-
lomatic sources at the United Nations reported last
night.
The condemned men are scheduled for execution Tues-
day morning. They all had been convicted on charges of spy-
ing for "Israel, Zionism and imperialism."
A BLOODLESS COUP IN SYRIA yesterday ousted ex-
tremist Marxist leaders from the government.
Defense Minister Lt. Gen. Hafez Assad, who master-mind-
ed the coup, intends to form a moderate left-wing coalition
war cabinet, informed sources reported yesterday.
Other aims of his, according to these sources, is reconcil-
iation with political rivals in Iraq and closer cooperation with
all Arab states in their confrontation with Israel.
Monday's Israeli air raid against Syria is seen as the
immediate motivation for Assad to stage his coup. After the
raid Assad called a conference of senior military officers to
get their agreement on recalling to active duty Syrian of-
ficers who had been cashiered or pensioned off for political
reasons.
The ruling Marxists objected to the move.
THE BIG THREE POWERS in Berlin rejected yester-
day the Soviet Union's charge that there is West German
military activity in their sectors of the city.
The Communist Party newspaper Pravda charged the
Western powers with illegal use of the air routes to the city
for allegedly transporting military equipment produced In
West Berlin.
Western diplomats expressed yesterday concern over
the mounting Berlin tension, but still believe the Soviet
Union does not want a major confrontation with the allies.
LAUNCH-TIME FOR APOLLO 9 is set at 11 a.m. to-
morrow.
The three astronauts whose colds had forced a three-day
postponement of the mission were all reported to be "much
improved" by Dr. Charles A. Perry, chief astronaut physic-
ian. Though another physical examination is scheduled for
late this afternoon, Dr. Perry feels the astronauts Would be
well enough to rocket into space on schedule.
During the 10-day earth-orbital mission, the astronauts
- Air Force Col. David R. Scott, James A. McDivitt and
Russell L. Schweickart - will test the lunar excursion mod-
ule. LEM is the vehicle designed to ferry two men from the
Apollo capsule in orbit of the moon to the moon's surface.
Once in space the astronauts are to link the Apollo com-
mand module to the LEM and operate the combined vehicles
for several days.
e . e
DEMOCRATIC PARTY LIBERALS agreed yesterday to
push for reforms in their party's presidential nominating
procedure.
Sen. Harold E. Hughes of Iowa called past party conven-
tions "largely the private domain of the rich, the white and
the party regular." He urged reforms in selection of dele-
gates to future conventions that would allow for representa-
tion for racial minorities, the poor and the young.
Student Organizations-Fraternities-Sororities
Michigras-SC Candidates
AT LAST! A SERVICE PROVIDED JUST FOR YOU
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Including evenings and weekends
pects of Peruvian life.j
Because of the deteriorating re-
lations between Washington and
Lima, attention has been focused
on this huge American commer-
cial involvement and how it will
be affected if relations are strain-
ed further or severed.
This,. of course, would depend
upon the Peruvian government,
which to date has insisted that its
dispute with international Pe-
troleum Company is a unique sit-
uation and that all other foreign
investment is welcomed and will
be protected., -I
The total of foreign investment
in Peru to date is calculated at
something more than $605 mil-
lion.This figure, however, is "book
value," a value placed after book
depreciation of plant a n d ma-
chinery. *Actual sale value of the
American property here would be
much, much higher than the $605
million figure.
By comparison, the 'No. 2 group
of foreign investors would prob-
ably be the Swiss, with a b o o k
value of about $50 million. Their
and auto assembly, and Japanese
in light industry and auto assem-
bly.
International Petroleum, a sub-
sidiary of Standard Oil of N e w
Jersey, has placed a value on its
expropriated refinery at Talara, in
northern Peru, and its adjoining
oH field, at about $120 million. In
addition, it has considerable oth-
er property in Peru, including
storage depots and retail outlets.
These are now being adminis-
tered by the Peruvian government
under an embargo proceeding
separate from the expropriation.
Book value of American invest-
ment in Peru breaks down as fol-
lows: Mining $340 million, petro-
leum $38 million, manufacturing
$98 million, public utilities $22
million, trade $54 million and oth-
ers $53 million.
About $130 million of the min-
ing investment is in the extreme
south at Toquepala, near the Chil-
ean border. There, American min-
ing firms have one of the world's
largest copper operations.
Another $50 million to $60 mil-
lion is invested at Marcona, about
250 miles south of Lima, near the
coast. The remainder is at Cerro
de Pasco, 180 miles northeast of
Lima.
The major part of the petroleum
operation is along the coast in the
extreme north, near the Ecuador-
ean border, although some oil
operation-primarily exploration-
is going on the in Amazon jungle
area east of the Andes.
Manufacturing is almost all
centered in the greater Lima area,
rs is the trading.
One of the larger companies is
W. R. Grace, which has shipping,
sugar fields and mills, a large
chemical plant, and fishmeal
plants along the coast,
Kaiser industries has a phos-
phate plant in extreme northwest
Peru, and Sinclair Oil has a re-
finery near Pucallpa, 480 miles
northeast of Lima.
Several companies have ply-
wood operations along the Ama-
zon river in the interior but these
are small investments, averaging
about $100,000.
Thirteen foreign companies have
automobile assembly plants in the
Lima area, including three Japan-
ese, Fiat, Volkswagen, General
Motors, Ford, Chrysler and Amer-
ican Motors.
A number of other factors would
raise American investment s1till
further. They include private in-
dividual ownership operations in
restaurants, accounting firms and
farms. Most of the large Amer-
ican advertising agencies 'are
operating in Lima and there are
First National City Bank, Manu-
facturers Hanover and Bank of
America operations.
"I ENJOYED 'GREETINGS':
young,
performers." 'V
PuieKael.
Th e orker
Greetings
AxIGA Man
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