Mir4l-gau Datig
Reds Attempt
Sixty-Ninth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
?anons Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
Win Preva' STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. " Phone NO 2-3241
als printed in The Michigan Daily ex press the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
rOBER 12. 1958
NIGHT EDITOR: THOMAS TURNER
No Savings, No Sense
In Union Bookstore Report
E UNION'S Fin~ance Committee decided
'hursday that a Union Bookstore is finan-
y infeasible at this time.
MIs decision cannot be subjectively called.
d" or "bad." The Union bookstore could
save the student a significant amount
ioney, and would run grave risks of losing
of the large investment necessary for such
are.
owever, the attitude and approach of the
m's Board of Directors, Financial Commit-
and Student Officers is extremely regret-
e.
pular support for the concept of a stu-
bookstore is lased primarily on the sup-
ion that the Ann. Arbor bookstores are
bing" the students and thus a student
:store could save students a substantial sum
>ooks.
books. This isn't so. The report presented
he Union Board, explaining the Finance
mittee's action, states "The seemingly'high
k-ups on used texts by local commercial
stores comes very close to actual obsolesc-
and overhead cost directly applicable to
service. Mark-ups on new textbooks seem
it standard over most of the country."
of. Wisler, chairman of the Finance Com-
ee, also notes the experience of the Michi-
State University student bookstore. It has
to continually reduce the amount of dis-
it given students until, finally, this year it
inated all discounts.
E MSU BOOKSTORE is currently granted
m exemption from the 3% state sales tax
all texts sold and presumably a Union
;store will be a similar exemption. Based
the Union's estimate that "The average
ent spends about $80 a year on books and
?ies; the Union could not hope to return
more than 4%o of this sum, primarily based on
an exemption from state sales tax.
In other words, a Union bookstore would
take business away from local bookstores-
stores which the Union admits serve the
campus exceptionally well and at reasonable
prices-and possibly force some of them out
of business in order to save students an esti-
mated $3.20 per year. And in order to save
this much the Union would have to sell such
items as mugs, pennants and possibly records-.
and these would be sold at prevailing prices,'
without the sales tax exemption..
The almost unfathomable aspect of this
situation is that repeated surveys. have re-
ported this same information to the Union's
Board. Quoting the recent report submitted to
the Board, "In spite of this report (one of the
previous ones, which presumably said about the
same thing) the Board of Directors still felt
-strongly that the bookstore should be under-
taken if at all financially feasible and on April
17, 1958, moved and passed: 'That: the Union
Board of Directors establish a Student Book-
store ... and place the projected budget before
the Finance Committee for study of the "eco-
nomic feasibility."
UNION OFFICIALS have repeatedly declined
to explain what "economically feasible"
means, but it appears to mean as soon as it'
can compete with local merchants, regardless
of whether or not it can give the students a,
significant discount.
Although it might drive admittedly fair
businessmen out of business and also reduce
the quality of book service in Ann Arbor, the
Union apparently feels that if it opens up a
bookstore it will contribute to the greater glory
of the Michigan Union.
-JAMES SEDER
By RALPH LANGER
Daily Staff Writer
RUSSIA HAS GONE from bul-
lets to butter in the battle for
world dominance. "We declare war
upon you ... in the peaceful field
of trade. We will win over the
United States. The threat to the
United Sttes is not the ICBM but
in the field of peaceful production.
We are reletless in this and it will
prove the superiority of our sys-
tem," declared Nikita Khrushchev
on October 19, 1957.
IN ASIA:
Chinese
Push Aid
By BARTON HUTHWAITE
Daily Staff Writer
COMMUNIST CHINA'S spectac-
ular bombardment of the Na-
tionalist held Quemoy and Matsu
islands has caught the attention
of the free world during the past
few months.
But another and potentially
more dangerous Red Chinese of-
fensive is being pushed in the
Far East by the Peiping regime.
The Communists are threatening
the very core of the uncommited
Far Eastern countries' economy--
trade.
The Reds launched their eco-
nomie offensive during the early
years of the Communist Chinese
conquest of the mainland.' This
was at a time when they had ac-
cess to Western markets by virtue
of British recognition.
Red Chinese trade picked up
steadily following their first sig-
nificant barter trade agreement
with India during early 1951. This
initial success was followed later
that same year by a rice rubber
agreement with Ceylon.
BY LATE 1954, the Chinese
Communists were sending trade
delegations to many countries and
everywhere they went, they urged
trade, peace, economic develop-
ment and the reduction of inter-
national tensions-all in the same
breath.
Their total trade grew from
around $2.3 billion in 1952 to $317
billion in 1955.
One of the most important
weapons in Southeast Asia for
Communist China is prestige. Sev-
eral years ago, Peiping announced
a grant of $22.4 million to Cam-
bodia for two years. The money
was to be spent on materials for
the construction of textile mills,
cement, paper and plywood pants,
universities and power plants.
THIS GRANT was followed by
a trade and payment agreement
with Czechoslovakia by which
manufactured goods were to be
exchanged for Cambodian rubber
and leather goods.
Czechoslovakia also promised
scientific and technical equipment
and technicians in a similar agree-
ment.
The danger lies in the com-
modities Red China tries to barter
for with the underdeveloped coun-
tries. By entering the area of basic
national products, the Red Chinese
have a foothold on the nations'
still maturing economys.
This foothold may turn into a
vise-like grip if the still uncom-
mitted countries of the Far East
depend 'on the Peiping govern-
ment for the majority of their
basic trade.
Southern Time
INTEGRATION issue has reached the
int where a cooling off period is needed.
dynamiting of Clinton, Tennessee High
1, though not a community action, is a
istration of some segment of Southern
Little Rock situation, which has now
.e !a world scandal, has pointed up the
dity of attempting to force adamant peo-
act against their reason. Their reason, it
e, is molded by emotion, but this merely
forced integration all the more difficult.
Little Rock court cases go on and on:
Ltegerate; no, schools cannot be leased to
rivately, and so on. The courts have
sly expressed their opinions, but South-
, rather than listening, are locked away
pting to find the panacea which will keep
s white for years to come.
RECENT referendum in Little Rock in
vor of segregation appears to be typical of
ern opinion on the matter, white South-
inion, admittedly, but a majority opinion,'
heless. Gov. Orval Faubus has become a
he God of white supremists and a highly
ntial Southern leader.
Virginia, Norfolk is having integration
ms which have resulted in the locking of
hools. Virginians are obviously no happier
hose in Arkansas about integration.
Southern whites have been the dominant
group in the South for over 70 years. Only in
the last five years has the National Association
for the Advancement of Colored People gained
enough strength to fight for their desire, inte-
gration. TIe tables have been turned, but does
this spell success to the Southern racial prob-
lem?
IN ALL PROBABILITY, NO. The situation now
merely reverses the previous one. No opinions
have changed, except the Supreme Court's. The
problem is still there, but solution appears to
be no closer.
Two opposed camps are vying for the South;
neither will compromise, it seems, and, as a
result, the integration question has been em-,
phasized entirely out of proportion.
With Southern feeling now at high pitch,
the logical answer to the integration contro-
versy is time, a stay of the inevitable, 20 years,
if necessary. Time can work for, as well as
against, integration; if the time is used for
education of both sides, the problem can be.
solved peaceably. Integration is not worth
bloody riots and hatred which is now being
engendered in the South. If integration is the1
inevitable, it must be worked toward as peace-
fully as possible. Time and more time is' the
answer.
-ROBERT JUNKER
Iron CuranCountries Lure Students
THIS past summer in London,
students from 23 countries met
to hear the President o fthe Union
Generale des Etudiants Musulmans
Algeriens describe the troubles be-
setting Algerian students today
His Union had been dissolved
by the French a year before, so
Alt Chaalal was speaking at a
conference called by the Tunisian
and Moroccan Unions. He de-
scribed, naturally, French military
and police action against Algerian
students, and the conference'
* *'
THE UNITED STATES National
Student Union said they could
take two Algerians through their
Foreign Student Leadership Pro-
OFFEE . . BLACK By Richard Taub,
gan Tradtion
IN THE MIDDLE EAST:
Russia Works with Egypt's Needs
CT. IS the Michigan tradition? Other
hools seem to have clear cut traditions --
rd, Dartmouth, Ohio State - but when
kes a sharp look at the University there
eem to be any definitive answers.
ehow through the haze floats Michigras
-Hop, Fielding Yost and football. But
hose seem to be fading. For the mid-
ner, of course, the University does stand
ne rather high degree of academic ex-
e. The Easterner, however, isn't quite
hether the University is in East Lansing
n Arbor, and whether it's Oosterbaan's
or Daugherty's.
ehow the traditionally high academic
I Stdrga' t ''I
standards of the University have never re-
ceived the recognition they have deserved. But
there is hope, the national picture of the Uni-
versity may be -changing. At least, an article
in Sports Illustrated last week may be'the sign
of a new trend.
Ostensibly' the article is on the State game
-but it really doesn't discuss the game in de-
tail:
"13jICHIGAN is a giant among colleges with
an enrollment of 21,450 and academic
standards which are the highest in the Big
Ten...
"At Michigan, Coach Bennie Oosterbaan re-
fuses to enter the madcap recruiting hassle
which rages these days for football players.
Tradition and the evident advantages one finds.
in Ann Arbor, he patiently explains, will have
to do."
After the game was over the article says,
"Bennie Oosterbaan smiled, and his players
shook each other's hands. -It was really very
quiet. Tradition is like that you -know."
Well, if one is going to maintain the curious
relataionship between near-professional ath'-
letics and institutions of higher education that
we have at the University, 'that's really as good
a reputation as one could possibly get.
ONE UNIVERSITY sacred cow, the pep rally,
took a real beating last week. The "send-
off" pep rally turned out to be a real .flop with
By SELMA SAWAYA
Daily Staff Writer
PART of the reason underlying
the failure of United States
economic policy in the Middle
East is the failure of its relations
with Egypt, easily the strongest
Arab country in that troubled
area.
And where the United States
has failed, the Soviet Union has
tried to make friends and with
their trade programs and long-
term, low-interest loans, all keyed
to Egypt's national development
projects.
One of the projects includes
capitalizing on the oil industry-
and the Soviets have already
helped their Egyptian friends by
selling them the latest model oil
rigs (made in Russia, of course.)
A Soviet satellite: Czechoslovakia,
has been building munitions fac-
tories in Egypt, all on the same
long-term payment plan.,
These and other projects ap-
parently please the Egyptians be-
cause they were not originally
proposed by the Russians - they
were the choice of tise Egyptian
government itself, selected be-
cause they will fit in with the
planned development of the coun-
try.
S* S
MOHAMED. EL-AFANDI, .a
graduate student in education
and a native of Egypt, stressed
the point that his' country is not
getting any aid from Russia in
the "charity" sense - "'We are
only receiving help in doing some-
thing we want to do. We don't
take, we borrow. And we trade,
item for item, when we have goods
they want and they have what we
need. The only outright 'gift' we
ever accepted from them was the
medicine desperately needed at
the time the French, British and
Israeli forces were attacking us.
This, too, was only after we asked
the United States and they re-
fused.
The Russian maneuver of trad-
ing with many of these Middle
Eastern countries offers the
Egyptians, for example, a market
for their chief cash crop, cotton.
the recipient of its gifts to feel
dependent, to feel beholden; we
will not accept charity from the
United States, U.S.S.R. or any
other country. I think Russia is
more than willing to conduct a
business deal.
"The same thing is true of the
Russian-trained technicians who
are helping build up our indus-
tries - when the United States
offered to send technicians, it was
on the condition that the West-
erners would supervise everything.'
But the Russians sent the techni-
cians we asked for, and whom we
need. They were perfectly will-
ing to let the Egyptians supervise,
and they would just advise."
* 4; 4
There is no basis, EI-Afandi
says, to the Western fear that the
Middle East, particularly Egypt,
will become Communist in gov-
ernment. "Communism is very far
from Egypt; it will never come to
any of our countries. In fact,
there is a law which =forbids Com-
munism; 'violators are punished by
a jail sentence. The people them-
selves have no interest in this
form of government; it is against
their religion. This factor is very
important: that Communism is
not accepted by the people."
Soviet relations with Egypt did
not include educational or cultur-
al exchanges until last year, El-
Afandi said. "Before that time all
ject, provided the two spoke fluent
English.
Meanwhile, the Soviet Union
and East Germany extended offers
to take thousands and hundreds,
respectively. The command of the
language made no difference, the
Communist, countries said, they
would allow the students six
months to learn.
The offer of East Germany was
accepted, University representative
Ahmed Bel Khodja, Grad., ex-
plained, only on the condition the
students return to North Africa
each summer of their five-year
period of study. The Tunisian
Student Union, to which BelKhod-
ja belongs, and the Moroccan Stu-
dent Union represent and advise
the disbanded Algerian group.
The Russian offer was turned
down, Bel Khodja said, but it was
difficult for the Algerians to do so,
because no comparable offer
seemed forthcoming from the
West.
* * *
AND THE ALGERIAN case is
not isolated, for Ghanan, Af-
ghani, Indian, Egyptian and In-.
donesian students among others
have also heard overtures from the
Iron Curtain universities.
Bel Khodja said he realizes, and
indicated that the Algerians and
others in question do too, that it
is easier for a community country
than a demogracy to divert funds
from some other portion of its
economy to provide scholarships,
But what he cannot understand,
he continues, is why the Americans
who felt such sympathy for the
Hungarians don't feel sorrier for
the Algerians.
And it remains equally incom-
prehensible, he said, why the
United States doesn't realize it is
to its advantage to have some of
the-many students now going be-
hind the Iron Country from un-
committed areas come to this'
country instead.
The answer is not yet coming
from American universities, foun-
dations or government.
inCongress
W E SHOULD NOT have to de-
bate foreign aid and reciprocal
'tradans inne and cnntrnversail
TO ATTACK:
W est Must
Respond
(EDITOR'S NOTE: The following
are excerpts, from Friday night's
speech by Britain's former Foreign
Minister, The Right Honorable An-
thony Nutting.)
FTHE WEST is to survive, it
must make an economic and
political counterattack on the So-
viet Union.
Towering above the military
might of the 'Soviet Union is a
new and growing commercial,
technical and scientific power
the greatest Soviet threat by far
is economic.
From the nuclear stalemate, it
appears that they (the Soviets)
have reached the conclusion that
war is no longer a lucrative means
of conquest. I don't suggest that
we relax our military, guard, but
that we take positive action in
the economic and political
spheres.
Under Stalin, the East-West
struggle, though dangerous, was
comparatively simple b e c a u s e
Stalin never believed in subtle
methods. Faced with this, the
job of the West was comparative-
ly simple - all it required was
military preparedness.
* * *
WE ARE now dealing with
something far more insidious -
.something far more dangerous, a
iuch more clever man. He
(Khrushchev) is out to destroy
the West, not by aggression but
by winning the uncommitted
world.
A great and revolutionary event
is taking place for - the United
State- the anning of+ +n 1t
Editorial Staff
RICHARD TAUB, Editor
KRAT r I
DirectorC
Ty WEICIR
City Editor
_._._ .,
DAVID TAERR
Associate Editor
'R...........Personnel Director
HBY.......Associate Editorial Director
ENSON...........Associate City Editor
RSKLNE....Assoclate Personnel Director
........................Sports Editor
.................Associate Sports Editor
"""..............Asociate Sportfs Editor
iD..................Chief Photographer
n114_c1 Cf.