Mir4l-gau Datig Reds Attempt Sixty-Ninth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ?anons Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Win Preva' STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. " Phone NO 2-3241 als printed in The Michigan Daily ex press the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. rOBER 12. 1958 NIGHT EDITOR: THOMAS TURNER No Savings, No Sense In Union Bookstore Report E UNION'S Fin~ance Committee decided 'hursday that a Union Bookstore is finan- y infeasible at this time. MIs decision cannot be subjectively called. d" or "bad." The Union bookstore could save the student a significant amount ioney, and would run grave risks of losing of the large investment necessary for such are. owever, the attitude and approach of the m's Board of Directors, Financial Commit- and Student Officers is extremely regret- e. pular support for the concept of a stu- bookstore is lased primarily on the sup- ion that the Ann. Arbor bookstores are bing" the students and thus a student :store could save students a substantial sum >ooks. books. This isn't so. The report presented he Union Board, explaining the Finance mittee's action, states "The seemingly'high k-ups on used texts by local commercial stores comes very close to actual obsolesc- and overhead cost directly applicable to service. Mark-ups on new textbooks seem it standard over most of the country." of. Wisler, chairman of the Finance Com- ee, also notes the experience of the Michi- State University student bookstore. It has to continually reduce the amount of dis- it given students until, finally, this year it inated all discounts. E MSU BOOKSTORE is currently granted m exemption from the 3% state sales tax all texts sold and presumably a Union ;store will be a similar exemption. Based the Union's estimate that "The average ent spends about $80 a year on books and ?ies; the Union could not hope to return more than 4%o of this sum, primarily based on an exemption from state sales tax. In other words, a Union bookstore would take business away from local bookstores- stores which the Union admits serve the campus exceptionally well and at reasonable prices-and possibly force some of them out of business in order to save students an esti- mated $3.20 per year. And in order to save this much the Union would have to sell such items as mugs, pennants and possibly records-. and these would be sold at prevailing prices,' without the sales tax exemption.. The almost unfathomable aspect of this situation is that repeated surveys. have re- ported this same information to the Union's Board. Quoting the recent report submitted to the Board, "In spite of this report (one of the previous ones, which presumably said about the same thing) the Board of Directors still felt -strongly that the bookstore should be under- taken if at all financially feasible and on April 17, 1958, moved and passed: 'That: the Union Board of Directors establish a Student Book- store ... and place the projected budget before the Finance Committee for study of the "eco- nomic feasibility." UNION OFFICIALS have repeatedly declined to explain what "economically feasible" means, but it appears to mean as soon as it' can compete with local merchants, regardless of whether or not it can give the students a, significant discount. Although it might drive admittedly fair businessmen out of business and also reduce the quality of book service in Ann Arbor, the Union apparently feels that if it opens up a bookstore it will contribute to the greater glory of the Michigan Union. -JAMES SEDER By RALPH LANGER Daily Staff Writer RUSSIA HAS GONE from bul- lets to butter in the battle for world dominance. "We declare war upon you ... in the peaceful field of trade. We will win over the United States. The threat to the United Sttes is not the ICBM but in the field of peaceful production. We are reletless in this and it will prove the superiority of our sys- tem," declared Nikita Khrushchev on October 19, 1957. IN ASIA: Chinese Push Aid By BARTON HUTHWAITE Daily Staff Writer COMMUNIST CHINA'S spectac- ular bombardment of the Na- tionalist held Quemoy and Matsu islands has caught the attention of the free world during the past few months. But another and potentially more dangerous Red Chinese of- fensive is being pushed in the Far East by the Peiping regime. The Communists are threatening the very core of the uncommited Far Eastern countries' economy-- trade. The Reds launched their eco- nomie offensive during the early years of the Communist Chinese conquest of the mainland.' This was at a time when they had ac- cess to Western markets by virtue of British recognition. Red Chinese trade picked up steadily following their first sig- nificant barter trade agreement with India during early 1951. This initial success was followed later that same year by a rice rubber agreement with Ceylon. BY LATE 1954, the Chinese Communists were sending trade delegations to many countries and everywhere they went, they urged trade, peace, economic develop- ment and the reduction of inter- national tensions-all in the same breath. Their total trade grew from around $2.3 billion in 1952 to $317 billion in 1955. One of the most important weapons in Southeast Asia for Communist China is prestige. Sev- eral years ago, Peiping announced a grant of $22.4 million to Cam- bodia for two years. The money was to be spent on materials for the construction of textile mills, cement, paper and plywood pants, universities and power plants. THIS GRANT was followed by a trade and payment agreement with Czechoslovakia by which manufactured goods were to be exchanged for Cambodian rubber and leather goods. Czechoslovakia also promised scientific and technical equipment and technicians in a similar agree- ment. The danger lies in the com- modities Red China tries to barter for with the underdeveloped coun- tries. By entering the area of basic national products, the Red Chinese have a foothold on the nations' still maturing economys. This foothold may turn into a vise-like grip if the still uncom- mitted countries of the Far East depend 'on the Peiping govern- ment for the majority of their basic trade. Southern Time INTEGRATION issue has reached the int where a cooling off period is needed. dynamiting of Clinton, Tennessee High 1, though not a community action, is a istration of some segment of Southern Little Rock situation, which has now .e !a world scandal, has pointed up the dity of attempting to force adamant peo- act against their reason. Their reason, it e, is molded by emotion, but this merely forced integration all the more difficult. Little Rock court cases go on and on: Ltegerate; no, schools cannot be leased to rivately, and so on. The courts have sly expressed their opinions, but South- , rather than listening, are locked away pting to find the panacea which will keep s white for years to come. RECENT referendum in Little Rock in vor of segregation appears to be typical of ern opinion on the matter, white South- inion, admittedly, but a majority opinion,' heless. Gov. Orval Faubus has become a he God of white supremists and a highly ntial Southern leader. Virginia, Norfolk is having integration ms which have resulted in the locking of hools. Virginians are obviously no happier hose in Arkansas about integration. Southern whites have been the dominant group in the South for over 70 years. Only in the last five years has the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People gained enough strength to fight for their desire, inte- gration. TIe tables have been turned, but does this spell success to the Southern racial prob- lem? IN ALL PROBABILITY, NO. The situation now merely reverses the previous one. No opinions have changed, except the Supreme Court's. The problem is still there, but solution appears to be no closer. Two opposed camps are vying for the South; neither will compromise, it seems, and, as a result, the integration question has been em-, phasized entirely out of proportion. With Southern feeling now at high pitch, the logical answer to the integration contro- versy is time, a stay of the inevitable, 20 years, if necessary. Time can work for, as well as against, integration; if the time is used for education of both sides, the problem can be. solved peaceably. Integration is not worth bloody riots and hatred which is now being engendered in the South. If integration is the1 inevitable, it must be worked toward as peace- fully as possible. Time and more time is' the answer. -ROBERT JUNKER Iron CuranCountries Lure Students THIS past summer in London, students from 23 countries met to hear the President o fthe Union Generale des Etudiants Musulmans Algeriens describe the troubles be- setting Algerian students today His Union had been dissolved by the French a year before, so Alt Chaalal was speaking at a conference called by the Tunisian and Moroccan Unions. He de- scribed, naturally, French military and police action against Algerian students, and the conference' * *' THE UNITED STATES National Student Union said they could take two Algerians through their Foreign Student Leadership Pro- OFFEE . . BLACK By Richard Taub, gan Tradtion IN THE MIDDLE EAST: Russia Works with Egypt's Needs CT. IS the Michigan tradition? Other hools seem to have clear cut traditions -- rd, Dartmouth, Ohio State - but when kes a sharp look at the University there eem to be any definitive answers. ehow through the haze floats Michigras -Hop, Fielding Yost and football. But hose seem to be fading. For the mid- ner, of course, the University does stand ne rather high degree of academic ex- e. The Easterner, however, isn't quite hether the University is in East Lansing n Arbor, and whether it's Oosterbaan's or Daugherty's. ehow the traditionally high academic I Stdrga' t ''I standards of the University have never re- ceived the recognition they have deserved. But there is hope, the national picture of the Uni- versity may be -changing. At least, an article in Sports Illustrated last week may be'the sign of a new trend. Ostensibly' the article is on the State game -but it really doesn't discuss the game in de- tail: "13jICHIGAN is a giant among colleges with an enrollment of 21,450 and academic standards which are the highest in the Big Ten... "At Michigan, Coach Bennie Oosterbaan re- fuses to enter the madcap recruiting hassle which rages these days for football players. Tradition and the evident advantages one finds. in Ann Arbor, he patiently explains, will have to do." After the game was over the article says, "Bennie Oosterbaan smiled, and his players shook each other's hands. -It was really very quiet. Tradition is like that you -know." Well, if one is going to maintain the curious relataionship between near-professional ath'- letics and institutions of higher education that we have at the University, 'that's really as good a reputation as one could possibly get. ONE UNIVERSITY sacred cow, the pep rally, took a real beating last week. The "send- off" pep rally turned out to be a real .flop with By SELMA SAWAYA Daily Staff Writer PART of the reason underlying the failure of United States economic policy in the Middle East is the failure of its relations with Egypt, easily the strongest Arab country in that troubled area. And where the United States has failed, the Soviet Union has tried to make friends and with their trade programs and long- term, low-interest loans, all keyed to Egypt's national development projects. One of the projects includes capitalizing on the oil industry- and the Soviets have already helped their Egyptian friends by selling them the latest model oil rigs (made in Russia, of course.) A Soviet satellite: Czechoslovakia, has been building munitions fac- tories in Egypt, all on the same long-term payment plan., These and other projects ap- parently please the Egyptians be- cause they were not originally proposed by the Russians - they were the choice of tise Egyptian government itself, selected be- cause they will fit in with the planned development of the coun- try. S* S MOHAMED. EL-AFANDI, .a graduate student in education and a native of Egypt, stressed the point that his' country is not getting any aid from Russia in the "charity" sense - "'We are only receiving help in doing some- thing we want to do. We don't take, we borrow. And we trade, item for item, when we have goods they want and they have what we need. The only outright 'gift' we ever accepted from them was the medicine desperately needed at the time the French, British and Israeli forces were attacking us. This, too, was only after we asked the United States and they re- fused. The Russian maneuver of trad- ing with many of these Middle Eastern countries offers the Egyptians, for example, a market for their chief cash crop, cotton. the recipient of its gifts to feel dependent, to feel beholden; we will not accept charity from the United States, U.S.S.R. or any other country. I think Russia is more than willing to conduct a business deal. "The same thing is true of the Russian-trained technicians who are helping build up our indus- tries - when the United States offered to send technicians, it was on the condition that the West- erners would supervise everything.' But the Russians sent the techni- cians we asked for, and whom we need. They were perfectly will- ing to let the Egyptians supervise, and they would just advise." * 4; 4 There is no basis, EI-Afandi says, to the Western fear that the Middle East, particularly Egypt, will become Communist in gov- ernment. "Communism is very far from Egypt; it will never come to any of our countries. In fact, there is a law which =forbids Com- munism; 'violators are punished by a jail sentence. The people them- selves have no interest in this form of government; it is against their religion. This factor is very important: that Communism is not accepted by the people." Soviet relations with Egypt did not include educational or cultur- al exchanges until last year, El- Afandi said. "Before that time all ject, provided the two spoke fluent English. Meanwhile, the Soviet Union and East Germany extended offers to take thousands and hundreds, respectively. The command of the language made no difference, the Communist, countries said, they would allow the students six months to learn. The offer of East Germany was accepted, University representative Ahmed Bel Khodja, Grad., ex- plained, only on the condition the students return to North Africa each summer of their five-year period of study. The Tunisian Student Union, to which BelKhod- ja belongs, and the Moroccan Stu- dent Union represent and advise the disbanded Algerian group. The Russian offer was turned down, Bel Khodja said, but it was difficult for the Algerians to do so, because no comparable offer seemed forthcoming from the West. * * * AND THE ALGERIAN case is not isolated, for Ghanan, Af- ghani, Indian, Egyptian and In-. donesian students among others have also heard overtures from the Iron Curtain universities. Bel Khodja said he realizes, and indicated that the Algerians and others in question do too, that it is easier for a community country than a demogracy to divert funds from some other portion of its economy to provide scholarships, But what he cannot understand, he continues, is why the Americans who felt such sympathy for the Hungarians don't feel sorrier for the Algerians. And it remains equally incom- prehensible, he said, why the United States doesn't realize it is to its advantage to have some of the-many students now going be- hind the Iron Country from un- committed areas come to this' country instead. The answer is not yet coming from American universities, foun- dations or government. inCongress W E SHOULD NOT have to de- bate foreign aid and reciprocal 'tradans inne and cnntrnversail TO ATTACK: W est Must Respond (EDITOR'S NOTE: The following are excerpts, from Friday night's speech by Britain's former Foreign Minister, The Right Honorable An- thony Nutting.) FTHE WEST is to survive, it must make an economic and political counterattack on the So- viet Union. Towering above the military might of the 'Soviet Union is a new and growing commercial, technical and scientific power the greatest Soviet threat by far is economic. From the nuclear stalemate, it appears that they (the Soviets) have reached the conclusion that war is no longer a lucrative means of conquest. I don't suggest that we relax our military, guard, but that we take positive action in the economic and political spheres. Under Stalin, the East-West struggle, though dangerous, was comparatively simple b e c a u s e Stalin never believed in subtle methods. Faced with this, the job of the West was comparative- ly simple - all it required was military preparedness. * * * WE ARE now dealing with something far more insidious - .something far more dangerous, a iuch more clever man. He (Khrushchev) is out to destroy the West, not by aggression but by winning the uncommitted world. A great and revolutionary event is taking place for - the United State- the anning of+ +n 1t Editorial Staff RICHARD TAUB, Editor KRAT r I DirectorC Ty WEICIR City Editor _._._ ., DAVID TAERR Associate Editor 'R...........Personnel Director HBY.......Associate Editorial Director ENSON...........Associate City Editor RSKLNE....Assoclate Personnel Director ........................Sports Editor .................Associate Sports Editor """..............Asociate Sportfs Editor iD..................Chief Photographer n114_c1 Cf.