ATOMS FOR PEACE:
PHOENIX PROJECT
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Sixty-Eight Years of Editorial Freedom
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COOL, CLOUDY
VOL. LXIX, No. 12 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 1958 FIVE CENTS
SIX PAG
De Gaulle's
Popularity
Wins Vote
Experts Temporarily
See French Stability
By BARTON HUTHWAITE
Political observers temporarily
predicted Premier Charles de
Gaulle's resounding victory for a
strong French constitution in Sun-
day's referendum as a guarantee
',-that stability- will at last come to
a usually unstable France.
De Gaulle's personal prestige
and his middle-of-the-road Al-
gerian policy until after the ref er-
endum accounted for the landslide
(a margin of almost four to one
on continental France) approval
vote.
Observers believe de Gaulle will
probably become president of the
new Fifth French Republic. But
doubt was cast on France' future
when de Gatille vacates the post.
Will Work Now
"As long as de Gaulle remains
president, the new constitution
will probably work out the way it
was intended," Prof. Roy Pierce of
the 'political science department
commented yesterday.
"Quite likely the constitution
could evolve with time like the
constitution of the Third Repub-
lic," he said. France would then
be in the same predicament it was
faced with before de Gaulle came
to power, and has since 1870.
Gives Autonomy
The new French constitution
strengthens the powers of the
president and gives a degree. of
autonomy to the executive which
it has never had before, Prof.
Pierce said. .
Under the constitution; the pres-
ident will have increased powers
including the right to curb the
once-powerful National Assembly
(now called the parliament) whose
Prime Minister will now be' ap-
pointed by the President.
Only a formal vote of censure
by an absolute majority of the
Parliament can oust the Prime
Minister. ~
Must Resign Seat
Anyone who accepts the posi-
tion of Prime Minister or sits in
the president's cabinet now has
to resign his seat in the Parlia-
ment. "This is to minimize the
'race for portfolios,' as the French
call it," Prof. Pierce said.
Included in the 67-year-old de
Gaulle's powers, if and when he
becomes president, is an article
giving .im the right to dissolve
Parliamen.t and rule by decree dur-
ing "grave" emergencies.
Communists Protest
French Communists loudly pro-
tested against the adoption of the
new constitution saying de Gaulle
would seize. power and become a.
dictaor. But with the exception of
the emergency powers article; de
Gaulle is not put in the position
of a dictator under the constitu-
tion, according to Prof. Pierce
"Looking upon his past record,
de Gaulle has no intentions of
destroying the new republic," he
continued.
To Continue
Thor, Jupiter
In Production
WASHINGTON (M - The De-
fense Department said yesterday
' production is continuing on. both
the Thor and Jupiter intermediate
ballistic missiles.
There will be no decision about
concentrating on one of these
1,500-mile weapons until comple-
tion of "intensive studies," the de-
partment said.
The Pentagon statement replied
to inquiries about a New York
Times story that the long lasting
rivalry between the Army Jupiter
and Air Force Thor hf.d been end-
ed with a determination to mass
produce the Thor.
The defense statement said that
both missiles are being produced
at preseit to meet "early develop-
ment schedules," and that "no
decision has been made to stop
production of either."
Defense Secretary Neil McElroy
said last week that both weapons,,
intended for 1,500 mile ranges,
have extraordinary accuracy but
need more testing.
McElroy said also "I don't think
it makes any sense at all to con-
tinue production of both weapons
for much longer."
nintme
President Says 'U'
Condition Not Good
By JOAN KAATZ
"The University is not in the healthiest of states," University
President Harlan Hatcher said last night, discussing the effect of
budget cuts on the ability of the school to provide for its students'
proper education.
Addressing faculty members and their wives, President Hatcher
gave his annual "State of the University" speech in Rackham Am-
phitheatre. He described the situation: at the University in terms of
Future
of
School
Systen
In
Little
Rock
Undecided
C+> 4
MSU Fall
Enrollment
Decreases
The recession and a cut in Mich-
igan State University's budget
wee given as reasons for the de-
crease in enrollment at MSU, by
MSU's Vice-President Tom Hamil-
ton.
Michigan State's fall enrollment
this year was 20,549, 181 less than
for the fall semester last year. This
figure also includes almost 1,000
students who are enrolled in off-
campus extension courses for cred-
it.
This contrasts with the recent
announcement of the University
of an all-time record enrollment.
Enrollment here increased al-
most 300, to a total of 23,508.
According to Hamilton the drop
in MSU's enrollment was, "in ac-
cordance with our enrollment
plans." He continued, "being un-
able to take more students (be-
cause of the budget cut), our
selective admissions policies were
continued and higher academic
standards were demanded of stu-
dents who wished to continue in
the university."
Even though there is a more
favorable economic outlook, Ha-
milton said he believes that many
of the students' families continue
to be affected by the recession.
This is supported by the fact that
more than ever students at MSU
are seeking part-time jobs, loans
and other ways of assuming, at
least in part, the cost of a college
education.
Navy Plane
Lost at Sea
KEY WEST (AP--A twin-engine
submarine-hunter plane with 10
men aboard was reported missing
on a training flight from the Key
West Naval Air Station last night.
A Navy spokesman said the
plane left the air station at noon
and was last heard from at 3:30
p.m. when it reported operations
were normal.-
Cmdr. James F. Rumford, oper-
ations officer, said the plane would
have exhausted its fuel at 9 p.m.
Four other planes and six ships
began. a search tonight. Rumford
said about 20 more planes ,and1
more surface vessels would join the
search tomrorrow.-
"The plane has just disap-;
peared," Rumford said.
He said there was no indication
that the plane had gone down in;
the water or had crashed. The
fate of the crewmen was not7
known.-
The plane, a P2V sent here a7
few days ago for training in anti-a
submarine warfare, was on an
instrument-checking mission when,
it disappeared, the Navy said.
" enrollment adjustments, budget
changes, and the amount of cash
now available.'
Was 'Controlled'
Ulu until last year, enrollment
has grown in a controlled fashion,
President Hatcher said. The con-
trols were maintained by the in-
dividual units on campus.
"This was fortunate in view of
the budget reductions by the
legislature for the year 1957-58,"
Hatcher added.
This year budget needs to
maintain the educational stand-
ards of the University were out-
lined to the legislature, President
PRESIDENT HARLAN HATCHER
... gives annual address
Hatcher said. But under the pres-
ent conditions of reduced appro-
priations enrollment had to be
maintained at last year's level, he
explained.
Need Classrooms
President Hatcher added that
funds must be found to initiate
the construction of new class-
rooms, after the legislatures two
year cessation of all new con-
struction. '
The legislature counts the num-
ber of student heads and appro-
priates the necessary funds ac-
cording to this figure, he ex-
plained. "But this method has
only an indirect relationship to
the amount of funds needed,"
President Hatcher stressed.
The third factor affecting the
University's ability to provide ne-
cessary educational facilities is
that "cash simply hasn't been put
in the state funds, President
Hatcher said. The University has
not received its monthly allot-
ments since mid-August and the
September allotment was due a
few weeks ago, he explained.
Relying on Reserve
"As a result the University has
been relying on its reserve capi-
tal and on student fees for opera-
tions during the past month, he
said.
Following the speech, awards
for "distinguished faculty achieve-
ment" were presented by Erich
Walter, assistant to the president,
Prof. Robert C. Angell of the so-
ciology, department, Dean of the
literary college Roger Heyns,
Prof. Howard Y. McClusky of the
educational psychology depart-
merit, and Prof. Lars Thomassen
of the engineering college.
Court Says
Integration
To Prevail
WASHINGTON () - The Su-
preme Court told resisting south-
erners and all others yesterday
that "evasive schemes for segre-
gation" cannot nullify orders of
the court.
The unanimous opinion pointed
straight toward just such things
as the lease of Little Rock's four
high schools for private, segre-
gated operation.
Reads Opinion
Chief Justice Earl Warren read
the 17-page opinion word for
word in a quiet proceeding, while
in Little Rock the lease plan
blessed by Gov. Orval Faubus was
still in doubt.
Warren didn't name Faubus or
any other state official, and he
didn't define what was meant by
evasive tactics.
But the opinion did assert:
"The constitutional rights of
children not to be discriminated
against in school admission on
grounds of race or color . . . can
neither be nullified openly and
directly by state legislators or
state executive or judicila offi-
cers, nor nullified indirectly by
them through evasive schemes
for segregation whether attempt-
ed ingeniously or ingenuously ...
Segregation Illegal
"State support of segregated
schools through any arrangement,
management, funds, or property
cannot be equated with the (14th)
amendment's command that no
state shal deny to any person
within its jurisdiction the equal
protection 1of the laws."
On the surface, yesterday's
opinion ruled out every form of
resistance - direct and indirect
-but no one believed that Fau-;
bus and others of like mind had;
any intention of giving up.
The opinion was unanimous, as
have been all of those since the
court first ruled in 1954 that
forced segregation is unconstitu-
tional. The opinion stressed the,
thesis that the 1954 opinion "is
the supreme law of the land."
Quotes Predecessors
And in declaring that state of-
ficials cannot nullify it, Warren
quoted from two of his predeces-
sors, Chief Justice John Marshall
who served in 1801-35 and
Charles Evans Hughes, Chief Jus-
tice in 1930-41.
The quotations:
Marshall: It is emphatically the
province and the duty of the ju-
dicial department to say what the
law is ...
"If the legislatures of the sev-
eral states, at will, annul the
judgments of the courts of the
United States, and destroy the
rights acquired under those judg-
ments, the constitution becomes
a solemn mockery."
Hughes: If a governor can nul-
lify a federal court order "it is,
manifest that the fiat of a state
governor, and not the constitu-
tion of the United States, would,
be the supreme law of the land;;
that the restrictions of the feder-
al constitution upon the exercise
of state power would be but im-
potent phrases."
Today's session was called to
deliver an opinion supporting the
court's Sept. 12 decision calling
for integration to proceed im-
mediately at Little Rock's Central
High School. It has not proceeded,
however, because of resistance by
state authorities.
Police Empty
Music School
Eviction of approximately fifty
music students from the School
of Music by the police Sunday
afternoon was justified, according
to Assistant Dean James B. Wall-
ace of the music school.
Dean Wallace said that the
Back-To-Work Movement,
Of UAW Gains Momentum.
DETROIT (IP)-A back-to-work movement in the auto industry-
picked up momentum last night, returning thousands of striking
factory employes to the job in response to orders from the United Auto
Workers International.
An estimated 40,000 General Motors and Chrysler workers, accord-
ing to company headquarters and one-the-spot reports, had come back
or voted to return since the weekend.
This left about 16,000 still idle in General Motors and Chrysler
strikes and another 23,000 at Ford because of parts shortages or model
NEIL lcELROY
... no war now
No Asia War
-McElroy
HONOLULU (AP)-Defense secre-
tary' Neil McElroy declared today
he believes the Chinese Commun-
ists are not anxious to start a real
war.
He told newsmen the Warsaw
talks between United States and
Red China ambassadors induced
him to believe the Chinese Reds
are unwilling to start V general
conflict.
"The Chinese Nationalists are
showing commendable restraint,"
he said. "It is paying off in get-
ting more supplies to Quemoy."
Red Chinese
Down Plane
TAIPEI P) - A Chinese Na-
tionalist transport plane crashed at
sea after being hit by Communist
antiaircraft fire during a Quemoy
supply run, Air Force headquarters
said yesterday.
The type of plane was not iden-
tified, but normally C-46 trans-
ports carrying 13 mein have been
used in the operations to air drop
supplies to the blockaded offshore
islands.
The announcement said only
that the plane crashed during the
night and that air-sea operations
were in progress.
Chinese Deny
Peace Talks.
UNITED NATIONS (A)-A Na-
tionalist Chinese source denied
there had been any talks between
the Nationalists and the Chinese
Communists.
A highly placed Asian diplomat
told reporters Friday night such
talks had gone on in Hong Kong
concurrently with the Geneva dis-
cussions between Chinese Com-
munist and United States ambas-
sadors. He said they broke off
early this year.
The Nationalist source com-
mented, "This is a downright un-
truth deliberately spread to sow
suspicion."
changeover shutdowns. Ford al-
ready had agreed on a contract
with the UAW.
UAW President Walter Reuther
ordered the work return, declaring
continued strikes would hamper
the current General Motors and
Chrysler contract negotiations.
In some instances, however,
wildcat strikers rebelled.
One of these was at General
Motors transmission plant at Ypsi-
lanti, where Local 375 strikers
voted today to stay out. About
3,900 men have been idle for a
week in a seniority dispute.
A mass meeting of local 375
occasionally booed UAW Vice-
President Leonard Woodcock's
pleas to return to work. The vote
to stay on strike was announced
as 862 to 544.
Woodcock, head of the UAW's
General Motors Department and a
chief contract negotiator, told the
meeting strikes at this time took
the full effect from the union's
10 a.m. Thursday general strike
deadline at General Motors.
However, after the vote Wood-
cock said the local's decision was
not so much an example of dis-
agreement with the International
as it was a "reflection against
management."
"They've been asking for this a
long time and now they're going,
to get it," he said.
,,
k
Rush Signu
Men interested in fraternity
rushing may sign up from 9 to
12 a.m. and from 1 to 4 p.m.
today through Friday accord-'
ing to the Interfraternity
Council rushing committee.
Howard Nack, '60, commit-
tee ch'airman, said the sign-up'
began Monday in the IFC of-
fice, Student Activities. Build-
ing, and will end next Monday.
S idewinders
Down Plane
--Red China
Meeting Set
By Council
A mass meeting for all students
interested in serving on Student
Government Council committees
will be held at 7:30 p.m. today in
the Student Activities Building.
Places on the, public relations,
education and student welfare,
national and international , and
student activities committees are
open to all interested students,
according to SGC Personnel Di-
rector Karol Buckner, '60.
Positions are also open on the
Council office staff.
"This is not a tryout program
as we have had in previous years,"
Miss Buckner said. "Students will
be put on a committee as soon as
they sign up." -
Deadline
Today is the last day students
will have to pick up their sea-
son's tickets if they have not
already done so according to
Don Weir, ticket manager.
Board Says
Corporation
Has Leases
Attorneys Instruct
Teachers To Avoid
Segregated Schools
TOKYO (M)-Red China claims
one of its warplanes has been
knocked down by an American
'Sidewinder' missile fired from a
Nationalist China plane.
A Peiping radio broadcast
heard here yesterday said the ac-
tion occurred last Wednesday. It
was the first time the Commu-,
nists have charged the National-
ists were using the United States
Navy-made air-to-air guided mis-
sile.
There has been speculation that
the Nationalists were using Side-
winders, but Nationalist Air Force-
officials have denied the reports.
Quoting the New China News
Agency, Radio Peiping said Na-
tionalist forces launched five
Sidewinder guided missiles above
the area of Wenchow, Juian and
Yotsing in Chekiang Province.
Peiping said parts of missiles
were found near Wenchow, in-
cluding the nose which receives
infra-red rays that help guide the
missile to its target. The missile
parts have been put on exhibi-
tion in Peiping.
Tension Marks
School, Closing,
For Norfoll
RICHMOND (P) -- Restless stu-
dents, police patrols, cancelled
football games and closed door
emergency sessions of city and
state officials marked a tense be-
ginning yesterday to a period of
closing for six Norfolk schools.
The six, three senior high and
three junior high facilities with an
enrollment of 10,000, were ordered
shut down Saturday by Gov. J.
Lindsay Almond while he con-
siders possible ways of restoring
their operation on a segregated
basis.
Almond acted within the au-
thority of the state's massive re-
sistance to racial integration sta-
tutes. The shutdown came after
the city school board enrolled 17
Negro children in compliance with.
a federal court order.
No major disturbances were re-
ported at any of the schools al-
though police already on duty at
vital points kept students from
gathering on Granby High School
grounds during the afternoon.
City fathers, school trustees and
legislators representing the city
huddled for 90 minutes behind
closed doors. They broke up with-
out comment.
LITTLE ROCK (1) - School
officials in Little Rock, in the grip
of complete confusion, refused to
say last night whether the high
schools would open this morning
or remain deserted.
T. J. Raney, president 'of the
corporation that leased the pros
perties today, said attorneys have
given him no advice as to what
to do in the light of the restrain-.
ing order issued by federal judges
in Omaha yesterday.
The order instructed all per.
sons connected with the private
school plan not to take "further
action to transfer possession, con-
trol or operation, directly or ino
directly," of the Little Rock
schools.
Superintendent Sas Yes
Superintendent of Schools Vir-
gil Blossom told reporters the
school board will comply with the
order.
But Raney said, "I don't have
any idea what will be done."
He made the statement at 10:20
p.m. (EST) after hours of fever-
ish conferences.
Asked whether a statement
would be issued during the night,
Raney said, "I can't tell you. I
can't go beyond what I have said
-that the attorneys have not
given me any advice."
Students Seek Answer
Meanwhile, nearly 3,700 highe
school students and their parents
-assured earlier that the schools
would open this morning - were
besieging newspaper offices and
other communications m e d i 4,
asking for definite word.
It was a situation without
precedent anywhere since the
passion-filled struggle over inte-
grating the schools began, over
four years ago.
Nobody knew what to do.
Now Leased
The school board, having leased
the buildings to. the Little Rock
private school corporation yester-
day, presumably' has no further
control over them. Hence, Blos-
som's' statement that it -would
comply with the court order does
not necessarily bind the officers
of the corporation.
Federal marshals tried and
failed to serve a copy of the court
order on Gov. Orval E. Faubus.
Guards at the gates of his pri-
vate residence refused to - permit
the marshals to enter. Later,
United States Marshal R. Beal
Kidd said Faubus telephoned him.
While this was happening, tw
attorneys advised Little Rock
high, school' teachers not to vio-
late the court order - in short,
not to appear in the classrooms
today.
Nixon Defends
Eastern Policy
INDIANAPOLIS OP)-Vice-Pres'
ident Richard M. Nixon' strongly
defended the administration's
policy in the Formosa crisis in a
speech opening a campaign tour
last night.
"The whole free world's position
in Asia is at stake," Nixon told a
rally attended by about 4,500 per-
sons in the state fairgrounds coli-
seum.
He said giving Quemoy, Matsu
and Formosa to the Communists
would not solve the problem be-
cause the Communists "want ns
out of the Far East."
Nixon said the only way to deal
with 'the Communists is froma
position of strength and that the
United States is stronger militarily
tban ever before.
World News, Roundup
By The Associated Press
OTTAWA-Canada has asked the United States to release atomic
weapons to the Canadian armed forces.
The request was announced today by Maj. Gen. Jean Allard, Vice
Chief of the Army General Staff.
Gen. Allard told a news conference also that the army has ordered
a small number of American Lacrosse ground-to-ground guided mis-
siles.
Red, with Bubbles
. *
* 2*
WASHINGTON-Chairman Oren Harris (D-Ark.) said yesterday
Republican criticism of a House Investigating Committee's handling of
a Pittsburgh television hearing "was obviously politically inspired."
The criticism was made Saturday by Republican National Chair-
man Meade Alcorn who said "the sudden shutdown of the Harris com-
mittee hearing after prominent Democrats became involved is a candid
confession of the partisan, political mission of the inquiry."
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