MEETING REVEALS
'U' WEAKNESS
See Page 4
Sixty-Eight Years of Editorial Freedom
:4I iIajj
as
PARTLY CLOUDY
VOL. LXIX, No. 148
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 29, 1959
FIVE CENTS
SIX I
Panama Receives
International Aid
nAmn.erican States Approve Action
To Halt Flow of Cubans to Country
PANAMA (A)-Two bearded officers of the Cuban revolutionary-
army sailed down the coast in a motor launch, yesterday to persuade a
band of invaders from Cuba to lay down their arms.
The officers represented only a small part of the response President
Ernesto De La Guardia's government received to an international
distress call.
The government of this strategic Caribbean nation flanking the
Panama Canal charges Panamanian revolutionaries are hiring soldiers
in Cuba and have already sent some of them here on an invasion to
Senate
GOP
Decides
in
Caucus
PROF. J. D. SINGER
on disarmament
1A
Singer Asks,
For Control
Of WeaNons
By KENNETH McELDOWNEY
World government is the only
way to total and enforceable dis-
armament, Prof. J. David Singer,
visiting professor of political sci-
cence said last night.
Speaking at a meeting of the
Young Democrats, he said, na-
tions must be concerned with
national security under the pres-
ent nation-state system.. The pur-
suit of one nation's security tends
to cause the insecurity of its op-
ponent, he added.
Thus, there must be some sort
of substitute for the present sys-
tem of national security, Prof.
Singer said. One substitute would
be not to, scrap weapons but to
transfer them to a world control
such as the United Nations. In or-
der for any disarmament system
to work each power involved must
be able to turn to an effective in-
ternational organ for protection,
he commented.
Should Have Protection
If a state is the victim of a vio-
lation of any armed reduction
agreement, it should be able to
expect some sort of protection
from an international control or-
gan, Prof. Singer added.
Such a system is needed, he
said, because no inspection sys-
tem can be 100 per cent effective.
Even atomic bomb tests can be
detected, with any sort of depend-
ability, only about 90 to 95 per
cent of the time.,
In reference to the question of
whether arms or tensions must be
reduced first, he suggested, there
can be no significant or 'perman-
ent tension reduction as long as
each state has the military capa-
bility to destroy its opponent.
Regular Meeting Held
After Prof. Singer's talk a reg-
ular business meeting with an-
nual elections for next year's of-
fices was held. Mary Ryan, '61N,
was elected chairman and Mike
Berliner, '60, was then elected to
the office of vice-chairman. Mary
Wheeler, '61, was elected secre-
tary and Patty Cousense'61, was
elected treasurer 'on the second
ballot.
In another election, Kenneth
McEldowney, '61, and Ronald Piv-
nick were elected to serve as
members of the State Central
Committee.
stopple De La Guardia's govern-
ment.
Vote To Halt Invasion
The organization of American
states, meeting in Washington,
voted to approve special action.
The United States is supplying.
Panama's 3,000-man National
Guard with small arms under the
United States mutual security
pact, which takes in OAS mem-
bers.
Sen. George Shathers (D-Fla.)
said in Washington that President
De La Guardia had told him in a
telephone conversation that the
situation in Panama was "enor-
mously serious."
Expresses Opinion
The President was said to have
expressed the opinion, however,
that his government, could hold
out if the fighting is restricted to
the mountains and jungles and,
does not break out.in the cities.
The two Cuban officers, Capt.
Armando Torres and Lt. Fernando
Ruiz; arrived here before dawn
and headed toward the rebels' last
reported position near Nombre De
Dios.
That isolated coastal town lies'
50 miles from the capital and only
20 miles from Colon, the Carib-
bean terminus of the Panama
Canal.
Torres and Ruiz went off alone
on their dangerous mission to meet
the invaders. They carried a Cuban
flag and planned to take it ashore.
They were authorized to offer to
spare ithe invaders their lives in
exchange for surrender.
The Panamanian government
said the invaders landed from
Cuba in a "first wave" of about
80 men.
Jose D. Bazan, De La Guardia's
Minister of Government, told the
National Assembly here Monday,
however, that two of three more
boatloads of fighters are being
readied in Cuba,. boosting the
number of Cubans attempting to
invade the country to about 400.
He said 82 Cubans and 4 Pana-
manians landed on a deserted
East coast beach Saturday and
three of them drowned, including
the Panamanian chief. .
Indicating his information came
from three captured invaders,
Bazan said the main force occu-
pied and sacked Nombre De Dios
Monday.
Tol
Moneyless'
Payday Seen
By ,Williams
Legislators To Get
No Pay Tomorrow
LANSING (A)-Gov. G. Mennen
Williams said yesterday Michigan's
cash crisis will produce its\ first
Payless paydays tomorrow and
Friday, with others to follow.
The announcement came 90
minutes after majority Republican
Senators bound themselves in
caucus against providing any votes
for a State Treasury Relief Plan
and' proposed a substitute.
"The action of the Senate Re-
publicans caucus makes it clear
that they are determined to have
Payless paydays, and now they
have their wish," the Governor
said.
Condition Deteriorates
For three years the state's finan-
cial condition has been deterior-
ating-at a speeded pace in recent
months. Gov. Williams repeatedly
has said disaster was imminent.
Some Republicans agreed, but
many others pointed to State
'Treasury cash balances exceeding
160 million dollars and said it was
a "scandal" and "dishonest" to
talk about skipping payrolls.
State Treasurer Sanford A.
Brown said legal strings are tied
to the cash. All of it and revenues
in. sight for weeks either cannot
be touched or are legally restricted
to specified purposes, he said.
Can't Issue Checks
"The State cannot just continue
to issue checks until the money
runs out and the checks bounce,"
Gov. Williams said.
He said it was now up to admin-
istrative officials to "develop an
orderly program for the suspen-
sion of the state's essential obli-
gations until such time' as the
legislative branch provides the
money to meet them."
By an "accident of the calen-
dar," he said, the first to feel the
impact will be the lawmakers
themselves. A payroll of $48,000
is due them for the 144 legislators
and legislative staffs.
On Friday, the Governor said,
it will be necessary to hold, back
$12,000 due Supreme Court jus-
tices and $40000 for the State's
share of salaries for circuit court
judges.
eject
TO DETERMINE SUMMIT STRATEGY:
Herter Flies to Ministers' Meeting
PARIS (P)-Christian A. Herter
flew into Paris yesterday to help
tie up a Western package plan for
solving the Berlin crisis and the
problem of German reunification.
The new United States Secretary
of State and the Foreign Ministers
of Britain, France and West Ger-
many, opening consultations here
today, are pretty much agreed on
what to offer the Russians at the
Budget Cuts
Predicted
ByJohnson
WASHINGTON (-) - Senate
Democratic leader Lyndon B.
Johnson predicted yesterday that
Congress will cut President Dwight
D. Eisenhower's budget below the
77 billion dollars he asked-but
perhaps won't balance the budget.
The Texas Senator drew warm
applause when he spoke to the
47th annual meeting of the United
States Chamber of Commerce of
paring down the spending total
and said: "I believe in a balanced
budget."
Later, when questioned by re-
porters, Sen. Johnson said he was
not forecasting a balanced budget
for the next fiscal year.
To Appropriate Less
He explained:
"We may not raise all the money
the President wants us to raise,
but we'll appropriate less than he
asked us to spend."
President Eisenhower sent to
Congress last January a budget
to be balanced with an increase
in the tax on highway fuels and
higher postal rates. Neither of.
these boosts has gotten anywhere
in Congress so far.
Johnson, speaking to the 2,000
businessmen, said America must
dedicate itself to "the realization
that our free enterprise system is
locked in the struggle with an
enemy not within our own country
but without."
Need Business Spirit
He said the nation must borrow
the "can do" spirit of business
if it is to meet the Soviet economic
threat, which he said already has
shrunk United States exports.
Without such action, Sen. John-
son said, "we will be reduced to a
second-class status and rapidly
diminishing freedoms."
In speaking of a balanced bud-
get, Sen. Johnson said it involves
more than just making savings.
"It involves," he said, "bold and
imaginative action to increase the
wealth of America. It involves pru-
dent steps to release the full ca-
pacity of this country-and to
convert resources now wasted into
positive steps."
conference table in Geneva next
month.
But deep differences remain
about how to respond to Soviet
proposals in that East-West For-
eign Ministers Meeting, which
starts May 11.
Doesn't Comment
Britain's Foreign Secretary Sel-
wyn Lloyd is the champion of a
flexible approach. He arrived late
yesterday without comment for
waiting reporters. A British aide
explained: "There is nothing he
can add to what he has said al-
ready."
The West German motto is still
"no' concessions without counter-
concessions." Foreign Minister
Heinrich Von Brentano is armed
with a new warning from Chan-
cellor Konrad Adenauer to the
Western powers to stand firm and.
be, very cautious in dealing with
the Russians at Geneva.
Von Brentano had spent the past
two days conferring with Adenauer
at the 83-year-old Chancellor's
vacation retreat on Lake Como,
in North Italy. Von Brentano him-
self says "we should not fall into
the error of replacing hard real-
ities with wishful dreams."
Insists on Peace
French Foreign Minister Mau-
rice Couve De Murville insisted
before his National Assembly to-
day that the West should firmly
maintain its present positions in
tense Central Europe and work
'to Announce
SGC Posts
Appointments to Student Gov-
ernment Council standing com-
mittee chairmanships and other
posts will be announced at the
Council's meeting to beheld at
7:30 p.m. today in the Council
Room at the Student Activities
Bldg.
The Committee on Clarification
of the Council's Plan will meet to-
day at 1 p.m, in SAB.
Al Haber, '60, will present a
motion calling for the formation
of a Committee on Student Rights
as a portion of a scheduled dis-
cussion of academic freedom at
the University.
A discussion of the advisability
of Michigan's participation as a
member of the Rose Bowl pact,
and the uses of atomic energy will
be presented at the meeting.
A motion to re-establish the
Council's summer reading and dis-
cussion program will be introduced
by Roger Seasonwein, '61.
The proposed committee on stu-
dent rights would "serve as a
board of grievance to which stu-
dents may submit individual com-
plaints" of violations of their
rights of academic freedom, Haber
said.
for a way to live peacefully with
the Soviet Union.
"Months of hard negotiations
await us,'' he said.
De Murville told the Assenbly
he does not believe the Geneva
Conference will find a solution, but!
he hopes that it will open the way
to a summit meeting.
Senate Votes
To Override
Ike's Veto
WASHINGTON (p)-The Sen-
ate, with Democrats in the saddle,
voted yesterday to override Presi-
dent Dwight D. Eisenhower's veto
of a bill that would strip away Sec-
retary of Agriculture Ezra Taft
Benson's power over rural electri-
fication loans.
The 64-29 count - two votes
more than the required two-
thirds majority - was a stinging
rebuff to Pres. Eisenhower. Only
a few hours earlier, he had told
Republican Congressional leaders
he hoped his veto of Monday
would be sustained.
Fifty-eight Democrats and six
Republicans, all but one from
Midwest farm states, voted to
override. Siding with Pres. Eisen-
hower were 28 Republicans and
a single Democrat-Sen. Frank J.
Lausche of Ohio.
Secretary Comments
Asked for comment, the White
House Press Secretary, James C.
Hagerty, said: "There is another
House, isn't there?"
The House still must act, and
a two-thirds vote there will be
needed to pass the bill over Pres.
Eisenhower's veto. There was no
clear indication what the House
will do.
In more than six years in the
White House, Pres. Eisenhower,
never has seen any of his vetoes
overturned. In all, he has re-
jected 138 bills.
Overrides Veto
Last August, the Senate voted
to override Pres. Eisenhower's veto
of a bill involving wage rates at
a New Hampshire navy yard. But
the House sustained the veto by
53 votes.
This time, Democratic leaders
- with big majorities in both
House and Senate - were making
a concerted effort to slap down
Pres. Eisenhower's veto.
Republicans accused the Demo-
crats of political motives and said
their action was aimed at making
Sec. Benson a whipping boy.
Sen. George Aiken (R-Vt.), a
senior member of the Senate Agri-
culture Committee, said a vote to
override "will be interpreted by
the country simply as malice to-,
ward the secretary."
Group .To Support
Substfitute Solution
Brown Says State To Skip Payment
For Poor Relief Unless Action Soon
LANSING WA - Majority Republican senators yesterday
balked at passing the Veterans Trust Fund Bill.
The surprise caucus action apparently meant the State's
long threatened financial collapse wlil come tomorrow.
The caucus decided to back a substitute solution to the
State's cash emergency that could not possibly be enacted be-
fore May 11. Sen. Frank Beadle (R-St. Clair) Republicar
majority leader said the new proopsal was the "final answer'
of the caucus.,
State Treasurer Sanford A. Brown has said the State wil
have to skip a four million dollar payment to counties fo
poor relief on Thursday unless
lawmakers agreed quickly to
cashing Trust Fund securities. Colorado 'U
Does Not Comment
He would not comment imme-t r f
diately on the new development.
Brown also has said tomorrow's
Veterans'
Fund
Bil
World News Roundup,
By The Associated Press
PARIS-The Parliament-including the new Senate-of President
de Gaulle's Fifth Republic met yesterday in the old familiar baiting
arena and political graveyard of premiers.
It plainly showed the taming influence worked by the new con-
stitution that shears parliamentary powers and shores up the executive.
* * * *
LONDON-The amount of radioactive Strontium 90 measured in
British rainfall has about doubled since last summer, Prime Minister
Macmillan said yesterday. He{'
Legislative payroll would have to
be held up and also the regular
May 7 payroll 'for the bulk of the
State's 32,000 employes, including
those at prisons, mental hospitals
and state colleges.
Gov. G. Mennen Williams called
the Republican action "a rather
amazing detour" but would say no
more until he went over the de-
tails.
To Call Cabinet
The Governor said he would
probably call his cabinet into
emergency session without delay.
Sen. Beadle unfolded the new
Republican plan. He said basical-
ly it will call for an indirect in-
crease in the state sales tax from
three to four cents on the dollar,
coupled with the Trust Fuid Plan
the Republican majority decided
to reject as a separate bill.
Proceeds from the additional
tax would be earmarked at the
rate of four million dollars a
month for replacing the body of
Trust Fund securities.
To Go to Fund
After this was accomplished,
Sen. Beadle said, the additional
tax receipts would go into the
State's general fund as an answer
to the State's long range need for
new revenues.
Earlier in the session, Demo-
crats in the Senate and in the
House stood to a man against a
different proposal for increasing
the sales tax.,
ISA Ballots
Due at Center
International Students' Asso-
ciation ballots are due at the In-
ternational Center today, accord-
ing to Robert Arnove, '59, ISA
president.
All ISA members who did not
receive a ballot through the mail
are asked to pick one up at the
Center.
Ballot counting will be done to-
morrow and candidates will be
announced during the Center's
tea from 4:30 to 6 p.m. tomorrow.
Each candidate is asked to have
a representative at, the counting.
Candidates are M. A. Hyder
Shah, Grad., from Pakistan and
George Haniotis, Grad., from
Greece for president. Amilcar Go-
mez, '61E, is running for vice-
president with Shah and Barbara
Ann Miller, '61, is a candidate for
the same position on a ballot with
Haniotis.
Meetings Set
For Dearborn
The first of three sets of meet-
ings to explain the Dearborn Cen-
ter to prospective students will be
held tomorrow.
The meetings, which will be
identical, will be held at 4 and
7:30 p.m. in Aud. A, Angell Hall.
They will be directed primarily
DeniesQuot
By RUTHANN RECHT
Prof. Edward Rozek at the Uni
versity of Colorado said he wa
misquoted in an assertion tha
another professor had been firei
last year for "anti-communism.
"The sociology department had
fired Prof. William Peterson and
then reinstated him through th
wishes of the University," Garet
Ray, editor of the Colorado Dail:
told The Daily yesterday. "But
Prof. Peterson refused to rejoin
the faculty," he remarked. Instead
he accepted a position at the Uni
versity of California in Berkely.
"Unofficial sources revealed
that Prof. Peterson was going to
be fired for other reasons than
"anti-Communism," Ray saic
These reasons have not been re
vealed, but we have heard tha
other faculty members in the so
ciology department disliked him,
he remarked.
Everything Confused
"Everything is still mixed ur
No one knows why it came up
now. after a year's lapse," Ray
pointed out.
Rozek told the Colorado Daily
that he was misquoted in new
stories; that he had said the fac
ulty member was not fired but
dropped from his department and
later reinstated. "I did not say h
was fired by the University, no
did I say "a more importantana
respected university later hired
him."
"However, many other facult:
members who were present at th
discussion where Rozek allegedly
made the statement said tha
they heard Rozek make the state
ment," Ray said.
Asks Identification
Robert Dunham, assistant di
rector of the university news serv
ice, asked at the meeting that Ro
zek identify the faculty member
Rozek declined to do so, the Col
orado Daily noted.
"The newspaper article was es
sentially correct," Dunham said
"I believe he did say the faculty
member was fired."
Prof. Howard Higman of the so
ciology department also said the
newspaper reports of Rozek'
charge were accurate.
Denies Charge
Eugene Wilson, Dean of Facul
ties, denied that a faculty mem-
ber had been fired for anti-Com
munism. President Quigg Newton
concurred \vith Wilson's state
ment, adding that he felt ther
was some misunderstanding. "Ro-
zek is one of our best men," he
said.
"Dean Wilson will return to the
University from a trip later thi
week," Ray said. "We hope he wil
give us the truth at that time.'
POSts Open
Petitioning is now open for
stated this was probably due to
Soviet nuclear tests.
* * *
WASHINGTON-The chairmen
of the Republican and Democratic
National Committees joined yes-
terday in calling on businessmen
to plunge into politics and to
urge their employes to wade in too.
Sen. Thruston B. Morton, Re-
publican chairman, told the an-
nual meeting of the United States
Chamber of Commerce: "you owe
it to yourselves and the nation to
at least get your feet wet."
MONROVIA, Liberia - Former
United States Atty. Gen. Herbert
Brownell has arrived in Liberia
to serve as legal adviser to two
Belgian diamond buyers arrested
on charges of smuggling.
* * *
MOSCOW-Seven United States'
veterans arrived in Moscow yes-
terday for a Russian-American
reunion of soldiers who met at the
Elbe River in 1945 in the World
War II drive that split Germany.
HENLE, HABER, BENTWICH:
Debate Worth, ofSG at South Quad
By JUDITH DONER
"Soap boxes are so little in the American tradition that we pack
our soap in cardboard cartons," Prof. Paul Henle of the philosophy
department claimed to an audience assembled at South Quadrangle
to debate the question "Should Student Government Council be
abolished?"
The philosophy professor was replying to members of the audience
and more specifically to debater Michael Bentwich, Grad., who felt
that the soap-box tradition of Hyde Park, England should replace
student government on the University campus.
Upholds SGC
Bentwich, who began by declaring that he was not an anarchist
and had purposely declined to wear his turtle-neck sweater to the
Inter-house Council-sponsored debate, insisted that "if the campus
were behind the issues at hand, all 24,000 students would stand on the
diagonal and shout their opinions."
Al Haber, '60, officially designated to uphold student government,
held that "we should not be concerned with past activities of student
government, but with its present and future potential in considering
whether it shnul dnntinut n exigt.
Magazine
A special issue of The Michi-
gan Daily Magazine this Sun-
day will be devoted to literature
and the arts.