Ho ton, D ill Dunjee
(1926) "Wonderful
Ethiopian of the Ancient
OBhiac Empire."
Jac on, John (197) -
"Man, God, and Civilization."
James, George G.M. (1954)
- "Stolen Legacy."
King, Kenneth (1971) -
"Pan-Africanism and Ed
tion: A Study of R ce
Philanthropy and Education in
the Southern Sta of America
and East Africa."
Lane-Poole, Stanley (1886)
- "The Story of the Moors in
Spain."
Lewi , David Levering
(1987) - "The Race to
Fa hoda: European
Colonialism and African Re is
tance in the Scramble for
Africa."
Litwack, Leon (1979) -
"Been In The Stonn So Long:
The Aftermath Of Slavery."
Massey, Gerald (1974) -
"Book of the Beginnings: Con
taining an attempt to recover
and reconstitute the lost origins
of the myths and mysteries,
types, and symbols, religion and
language, with Egypt as the
mouthpiece and Africa as the
birthplace. "
Macritichie, David (1884)
- "Ancient and Modern
Britons: Volumes I and n."
Parker, Oeorge Wells (19� 7)
- "African Origin of Grecian
Civilization," Journal of Negro
istory.
Portland Public Schools -
African American Baseline Es
says.
Price, Richard (Ed.) (1973)
- "Maroon Societies: Rebel
Slave Communities in the
Americas."
Rodney, Walter (1974) -
"How Europe Undeveloped
Africa."
Rogers, JA. (1952) - "Na
ture Knows No Color Line: Re
search Into Negro Ancestry in
the White Race."
Saad, Ellias N. (1983) -
"The Social History ofTimbuc
too: The Role of Muslim
SchOlars and.Notables."
Serfontein, J.H.P. (1978)
"Brotherhood of Power: An
Epose of the Secret Afrikaner
Broderbond. "
Spivey, Donald (1978) -
"Schooling for the New
Slavery: Black Industrial
Education, 1868-1915."
Temple, Robert K.G. (1976)
- "The Sirius Mystery."
Unesco (1981) - "General
History of Africa (in eight
volumes)." .
Van Sertima, Ivan and
Rashidi, Runoko (1988) -
• "African Presence in Early
Asia."
Van Sertima, Ivan (1985)
"African Pre ence in Early
Europe."
Van Sertima, Ivan (1989)
"Egypt Revisited: Journal of
African Civilizations."
Van Sertima, Ivan and Larry
Williams (1989) - "Great
African Thinkers: Cheikh Anta
Diop."
VanSerti�Ivan(1976)
"They Came Before Colum
bus." ,
Williams, Chancellor
(1974) - "The Destruction of
Black Civilization. Great 15-
ues of a Race From 4,<XXl B.C.
k> 2,<XXl A.D."
Yvette, Samuel (1971) -
"The Choice: The Issue of
Black Survival in America. "
HILTON: JOGHEREDUCA170N
is desi�to dialo� wuhcol
kgeandworltlre.tJlkrs. Educa
tion is ongoing andcertainly not
limited to classroom study.
lA's talk. (714) 899-0650.
VIEWS, OPINIONS
Y and th
ic in America'
political le de hip i
perv ive hypocri y, malevolent
odor of hunger d hom I ness, of
greed and capit I gain , of the
ccumulation of great wealth t the
expe of the larger social elfare.
The New York Times recently
reported that the top one percent of
all American househoJds have a total
net ealth which i ignificanUy
luger that the bottom ninety percent
of all American households. Thus
the country lure toward cri is,
without a spiritual rudder, drifting
Second, the Bl c freedom
ovementm treclaim th in grity
d thec tivityofth ul" 0 our
people-their en e of inner
in grit pride in their ri e,
if poetry, m ic and dance, their
cultural ditio d orldvie.
One might call " oul" the creative
power of cultural memory. The
ch lenge of edu to and Ie ders .
to revive d enrich that cultural
memory and co cience,
Third, we m t return to the ide
that th only path toward political
and economic empowerment i
through "struggle." By" truggle," I
don't imply mean the organization
of prot t ctivities at treet corner,
or group of individ carrying
picket igns to prote t tod y'
inj tices.
Struggle i instead a tradition of
defiance to the dynamics of
oppres ion, a willin to acrifice
Ramona Africa suit
U
long-term program nd tegi
for tran form tion of every thin
which tan between 0 elve and
full human dignity. BI I e
m t be reminded that truggle i ot
a ingle act of prote t, but
commitment to live one' life in a
manner hich will accelerate the
interes of African-Ameri
other oppre d people, to motiv te
them to them to higher level of
engagement nd con tructive
ctivity.
To reclaim the pirit, the soul and
th tradition of truggle for the BI
Freedom Movement, leaders m t
perceive their wor an act of
courage. One can recall the courage
READERS
WRITE
Author Appr iat
Ea ter Story
Thi letter is to thank you and
your taff for the plendid way you
handled my tory in the Easter Edi
tion of the Michigan Citizm. The
full-page presentation w "lesus
DidNot Bear T� Cross Alone. " I'm
a pretty old journali t and I have not
seen anything like thi ince Ralpb
Matthe of the Afro American did
a mock on- the-spot coverage of
Easter and the Resurrection.
Ironically, it too 'a graphic di -
play of thi kind to let me know what
I had done.
Thank you again. I will cherish
the great effort.
Very truly yours,
Mark Hyman
Look it up!
MoShoeShoe
Basufolann
South African
Idris Alooma-Sultan of Boranu
Mansa Kamkam Mussa
ShaJca-King of the Zulus
Hamrnibal-Ruler of Carthage
Memelek II-King of Kings of
Abyssinia
�natoal-Pharaoh of Egypt
Jaharqa-King of Nubia
Osei Juta-King of Asante
. Summi Al iber-King of Song hay
King of
Kings of Africa.
Look them up.
J. Brownl
Highland Park
We mu t re en e of
political d vision 'thin the
African-Amedcan oommunity, e
are to move forwant people.
And the place to begin is with three
imple yet vitally ntial elemen
which ve underscored 0 entire
hi tory in America.
First, BI c leaders must reel . m
and reemphasize the meaning of
"spirit" for our people. Evenacasual
reading of African-American history
Lester's World@1992KDGINc.
THE MODERN DAY DAVID & GOLIATH
( NO OSE SAID IT WOuLD �E EASY BUT Jt.:ST RE�EMBER HOW THE STOR Y ENDS.)
'Throughout the press in May 13, 1985 was the most
Pennsylvania, and perhaps premeditated police raid and destroy
throughout the U.S. press as well, the mission in U.S. history; a day
story of the Ramona Africa suit, or planned and prepared for months,
"the MOVE suit" as they often term even years, in advance by local, state
it, has garnered banner headlines. and federal officials sworn to one
Thi civil suit, initiated by unholy aiJD-the destruction of the
Ramona pro se (without a lawyer), is MOVE organization. .
a civil claim of a violation of ber civil Their "bad day" began when one
constitutional rights, stemming from determined, scarred, smouldering
the police bombing of MOVE Black woman dodged a hellfire of
beadquarteIS in West Philly, leaving cop bullets to escape the pans of
at least 11 MOVE men, women aDd govemment to inciDcrate ber and her
babies dead on May 13, 1985. family aliYe, and survived.
The suit claims the tate For thia sbe w dumped into
knowingly and intentionally used Pennaylvania' hellish prisons,
excessive and unlawful force against sentenced to 7 years in a prison
the occupants of 6612 Osage madhou e of loss, pain and
Avenue, and created a holocaust that alienation at Muncy's Women
night. Prison-for daring to not die.
Among prisoners, the articles Well, Mon'a back, y'all.
have stimulated comments, among Fueled by the generating
them the ever-present comment, influence of John Africa's teaching,
"She gonna get paid." This comment this MOVE oldier is marching bac
never ceases to irk me, for over and into �attle, to point out how corrupt,
above the fact that Ramona couldn't ho thoroughly decayed this system
care 1 about money ( with all is, using their own so-called "law."
MOVE people, the f; ct remains that LOllI Live lohnAfrical
this is a civil sui � eekiDg civil HER DARK, muscled arms are
damages, for an act that Ray Olarles· • mottled, seared and scarred in some
and Stevie Wonder both could places silent tam.ent to tbe Dam
clearly see was crilraiMl. of�, but ber eyes are clear and
calm, bel' fiDe mlDd harper ,tbaD the
hot shards of &I tbat II ttered the
back yard of , abarpe.r than the
pain that stabbed t ber heart, ben
sbe loo)md back, and throup the
Black cloud of moke, saw ber
people, ber brothers IDd s ters, the
children, hot ck by a rain of death,
CONTRARY TO P 1 bed
opinion, Ramona neaUy poiD
out, the May 13th bombing of
MOVE by police w , not even an
accident, ot a technical blooper,
nor, fonner Mayor Goode said, ".
bad day."
ON
DEATH
ROW
B,. 'DIll .J.Glue.
.. _ .... -- - - . --- - . ---- - ... - - . -- - .. - - ... - -
. - - _.-- - . -- . - - -- . -- .. -
... -- ._. . ... - .. - - .. - _. - - - . - - ... --
Minorities need to know 0
their place In America. 0
If R9dney Kine JU5t took hie
peatlne like plack5 did In the
good old· days, they would
o only have hit him half ae
o many tlme5 I
UMIA
ABU..JAMAL
b ck into the inferno of Osage,
forced back by a steady deadly rain
of automatic police weapons fire,
forced back into eternity.
And they talkin' bouta civil
suit-for damages!
To date, no official, former DA
Edward Rendell (who was himself
recently declared immune from suit),
former D.A. Ronald Castille, former
U.S. Attorney Edw. Dennis, nor
present DA Lynne Abraham, has
ever called any action by police or
any other official, "aiminal"-not
one charge. Not once. Nobody.
. Just maybe a civil violation, here
or there, and if "proven," will only
mean you, the taxpaying public, will
foot the bill, and P y bard-earned
bucks for political iDcompetence.
M I look around this dungeon on
Pennsylvania'S Death Row, Isee not
one soul ho dared premeditate
mass murder like police and poli tical
offldals did on May 13, 1985, and
until I do--don't tell me about a
crimiDaljUiticesystem, 'cause there
ain't. no "j tice" in it-it' just a
crlmiDalsystem.