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lucky. During those 18 years, Syrian
soldiers had fired on the kibbutz over
200 times — a cumulative barrage of
tens of thousands of bullets and shells
shot at farmers tilling the fields, at the
cow shed, the children's quarters and
the dining room. Yet no one on the
kibbutz was even seriously injured in
any of those attacks, let alone killed.
The shells had done some damage,
but the only really heavy destruction
came during the Six-Day War, when
all of Tel Katzir's children and many of
the adults spent six unbroken days
and nights in the underground bomb
shelters, while over 1,000 Syrian shells
leveled most of the buildings above.
"When they wanted to hit us hard
— during the war — they did," Regev
said. "I don't know the reason they
weren't more accurate before, but I've
heard the theory that the Syrians
wanted to make our lives miserable, to
stop us from farming, but not to kill
us because that would lead the [Israeli]
Army to retaliate heavily."
Eitan Sat at Gadot, located well
north of the Sea of Galilee, doesn't
buy that theory, and for good reason.
"Three of our members were killed
during that time," said Sat, 64. "Raya
Krolich [Goldschrnidt] was hit by a bul-
let in 1954 or '55 while she was running
to the clinic. Bazul — Bezalel Bobritz
— was ambushed by Syrian soldiers,
also in 1954, I think. One Shabbat he
was walking with his girlfriend just out-
side the kibbutz, and when the Syrians
came at him he tried to chase them off
with rocks, but they shot him. His girl-
friend managed to run away. Yunke-
Binyamin Krieger was killed by a shell
in 1957 or '58," recalled Sat.
Some other Israeli civilians were
killed by Syrian soldiers — members
of other kibbutzim, a water engineer, a
shepherd, hikers, and fishermen in
Lake Kinneret who got too close to
the eastern shore. Beyond these
deaths, many IDF soldiers were killed
in battle — including 41 at Corazin,
north of Lake Kinneret, in 1951 —
and seven Israeli policemen were killed
during Syria's takeover of Hamat
Gader the same year.
Yet Israel, for its part, also initiated
many lethal attacks against Syrian
troops on the Golan, although not
against Syrian villages over the border,
said Haifa University Prof Yoav
Gelber, a leading historian of Israel's
early years.
The "official" Israeli explanation at
that time was that Syria was always
the aggressor and Israel was merely
defending itself with "reprisal" actions.
A few years ago, however, Israeli

journalist Rami Tal caused a stir by
revealing that Moshe Dayan had
admitted to him in an interview that
Israel had frequently started the shoot-
ing to provoke the Syrians into shoot-
ing back, which Israel could then use
as an excuse to conquer strategic
points on their disputed border.
This is, of course, absolutely true,"
said Gelber.
Tel Katzir and Gadot are among the
kibbutzim and cooperative farms situ-
ated along the three small demilita-
rized zones that lay on the border
between Israel and Syria during those
18 years of fighting. In Syria's view,
those zones were no man's land," so
Israel was violating the cease-fire agree-
ment by farming the land or otherwise
taking possession of it. Israel, on the
other hand, interpreted the cease-fire
accord to mean that these were demili-
tarized zones where Israel was sover-

"In the mornings
we could smell
the coffee the
Syrian soldiers
were preparing. ),

— Tehiya Sokol

eign, so as long as it kept the IDF out
of the zone, it could do basically what-
ever it wanted there, Gelber said.
"No foreign entity supported
Israel's view. The UN and the U.S.
State Department supported Syria's
contention about the demilitarized
zones," noted Gelber.
Gideon Gazit, 67, remembers how
Syrian soldiers would open fire on Tel
Katzir farmers going out to work the
fields that lay within the demilitarized
zone. "Once I went to tell the tractor
driver something about where he
should plow, and the Syrians started
firing at us. We crouched down behind
the tractor, smoked cigarettes and wait-
ed for the shooting to stop," he said.
This was what Gazit called Syria's
"salami tactic" — laying down fire on
a section of field, thus keeping kibbutz
farmers away from it, which meant it
was under Syrian control, then doing
this again and again.
"After the cease-fire agreement in
1949, the Syrians were a little more
than a half-mile away from us. By the
Six-Day War, they had gotten within