UNIVERSAL GENEVE
Awe 1894
Treatment For
Eyes Developed
A novel methodology that may
eventually be used for treating
glaucoma, a leading cause of
blindness, has been developed by
scientists at the Weizmann In-
stitute. The treatment, described
in the March issue of Ophthal-
mology, is expected to alleviate
the condition through a simple
procedure based on an enzyme
that does the work of a surgical
knife.
The scientists, Professor Arieh
Yaron and eye surgeon Dr. Ja-
cob Dan, did the research with-
in the framework of the
Institute's Department of Mem-
brane Research and Biophysics,
where they conducted successful
tests on laboratory animals.
Glaucoma afflicts an estimat-
ed 2 percent of the world's adult
population and is particularly
prevalent among the elderly. The
condition occurs when the flow
of eye fluid known as aqueous
humor is obstructed, causing an
increase in intraocular pressure.
The excessive pressure may
damage the intraocular portion
of the optic nerve, leading to im-
paired vision and, if untreated,
to blindness.
There is no known cure for
glaucoma, but various treat-
ments may alleviate the in-
traocular pressure by either
reducing the inflow or increas-
ing the outflow of aqueous hu-
mor in the eye. However, the
standard procedures — which in-
clude drugs as the first choice,
followed by laser treatment and
finally conventional surgery —
all have major shortcomings.
Drugs are problematic because
many patients do not adhere to
the regimen which calls for a
number of different types of med-
ication, taken several times a
day. Laser treatment is not com-
pletely safe of effective, and it
lowers pressure for only limited
periods.
The surgical procedure in-
volves creating a perforation in
the eye through the sclera, the
hard coat of the eye, so as to form
a type of "window" covered by a
thin "flap" through which the
aqueous humor can escape.
Surgery entails many complica-
tions, such as cataract formation,
scarring that accompanies sur-
gical failure, bleeding, infection
and sudden visual loss. More-
over, even when successful, the
intraocular pressure may in-
crease again after a few years,
and success rates are particu-
larly low for repeat operations.
The new technique developed
by Professor Yaron and Dr. Dan
is based on the application of a
specific enzyme called collage-
nase to a small, well-defined area
of the sclera by means of a spe-
EYES page 46
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