16

Friday, June 22, 1919

Caricatures

for your party

By

SAM FIELD

Call

399-1320

THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

Exhibit Features
Judean Antiques

WASHINGTON — The
Smithsonian Institution is
currently circulating "The-
First 4,000 Years: The
Ratner Collection of
Judean Antiques" as part
of its traveling exhibition
service.
The exhibition shows the
development of the peoples
and cultures in the Holy
Land through their objects
of daily life and works of art.
It covers the years 3500
BCE-500CE.

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Volume's Focus: Accounting for Genocide

By ALLEN A. WARSEN

-

"The appalling number of
Jews murdered — by 1945,
two out of every three Jews
living in Europe in 1932
were dead — has diverted
attention from the fact that
in almost half (nine of 22) of
the states and regions occu-
pied by or allied to Ger-
many, fewer than half of the
Jews counted there were
killed. The explication and
testing of this hypothesis re-
lating Jewish victimization
to national response are the
principal focus of this book."
Thus writes Helen Fein,
in the prologue to her
monumental "Accounting
for Genocide" (The Free
Press, a division of Macmil-
lan).
The author's approach to
her study of genocide is his-
torical sociology, not con-
ventional history. Among
others, she utilizes the writ-
ings of Emanuel
Ringelblum, Chaim Kap-
lan, Mary Berg and Adam
Czerniakow, and cites the
last unforgettable utter-
ance of the martyred great
Jewish historian, Simon
Dubnow, before his murder
in Latvia in 1941, "Yiddin:
fahrschreit! fahrschreit!"
("Jews: record! record!").
Dubnow was the first
Jewish historian who in-
troduced the socio-
historical method in writ-
ing Jewish history.
Dr. Fein begins her study
by comparing the status of
the Armenians in Turkey
prior to their annihilation
in 1915 to that of the Jews in
Germany preceding the
Holocaust. She affirms that
both the Armenians and the
Jews were considered aliens
and pariahs by their respec-
tive countries' dominant
groups. •
Both were stigmatized as
strangers "not because they
were alien, but because the
dominant group was
alienated from them by a
traditional antipathy,
Jew-hatred, or hatred of the
infidel." And both Arme-
nians and Jews were vic-
tims of genocide.
The term "genocide," the
author says, was coined by
Raphael Lemkin in 1944 "to
denote the attempt to de-
stroy a nation or an ethnic
group by depriving them of
the ability to live and proc-

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reate or by killing them di-
rectly." Genocide,
moreover, includes the
practice of destroying a
group's culture "by the de-
cimation of their intellec-
tual leaders, prohibition of
free cultural institutions
and media."
Dr. Fein impressively,
describes the annihila-
tion of European Jewry
but finds it difficult to
comprehend the reluc-
tance of historians,
sociologists and an-
thropologists to discuss
the Holocaust in their
works on the Second
World War. She theorizes
that perhaps the reason
for their attitude is the
influence the writings of
the German anti-Nazi his-
torian, Golo Mann, has
exerted on them.
For instance, Mann ad-
mits in his famous book
"The History of Germany
since 1789" that "the worst
crimes were committed by
units of the SS and SD," yet
he stresses, "Let us not de-
scribe and list those things.
But let us not think either
that inhuman cruelty is a
specifically German char-
acteristic . . . . The historian
also does not like to speak of
them. These are deeds and
figures which the imagina-
tion cannot grasp, which the
mind refuses to believe,
however clearly they can be
proved by reason."
Dr. Fein comments,
"Such suppression among
historians has facilitated

New Enrollment
Highest Ever
at Kfar Silver

NEW YORK — The
largest enrollment in the
24-year history of Kfar
Silver, the Zionist Organ-
ization of America's aca-
demic and vocational com-
plex in Israel, was an-
nounced recently by Dr.
Murray Rockowitz, upon
the launching of ZOA's new
Semester in Israel program.
Dr. Rockowitz, national
chairman of ZOA's Israel
Projects, confirmed that de-
spite record numbers of Is-
raeli, Latin American and
Iranian students, there is
still room on the campus for
American students during
the 1979-1980 school year.
For applications contact:
Zionist Organization of
America, Department for
High School Education in
Israel, 4 East 34th Street,
New York, N.Y. 10016.

New Approach'
to Halakha Seen

PHILADELPHIA —
Rabbi Ira Eisenstein told an
overflow audience at the
19th annual convention of
the Jewish Reconstruc-
tionist Foundation and Re-
constructionist Federation
of Congregations that "we
cannot separate the prob-
lem of Jewish law from the
general problem of moder-
nizing Judaism as a whole
. . . This means a new ap-
proach to the entire ques-
tion of Halakha."

the recent emergence of a
revisionist school of
pseudoscholarship alleging
the charge of the mass mur-
der of five or six million
European Jews during
World War II is fiction."

Dr. Fein applies her
socio-historical methodol-
ogy with great skill and
erudition to the study of the
countries that were within
and outside the German or-
bit, including the Jewish
communities. Regarding
the American Jewish com-
munity, she observes,
"While the American
Jewish Congress sponsored
rallies and public protests
in the 1930s, the American
Jewish Committee opposed
any open condemnation of
German policy and made no
effort to lobby to change the
immigration quotas limit-
ing the admission of Jewish
refugees; nor did it press the
Roosevelt Administration
to condemn discrimination
and (by 1935) the legal dis-
establishment of German
Jews as citizens."

Engrossing is the
author's description of
the great humanitarian,
Raoul Wallenberg. She
relates, "The most in-
genious and dedicated
exploiter of life-saving
through documentation
was Raoul Wallenberg, a
Swedish Legation at-
tache in Budapest work-
ing with the WRB (War
Refugee Board). Wallen-
berg extended Swedish
diplomatic protection to
20,000 Hungarian Jews
and leased apartment
houses for them in
Budapest._ .

"Although he lacked
arms and had no special dip-
lomatic sanctions to inveigh
against Germany to uphold
the authority behind such
recertification, he defended
the status he had bestowed
upon his clients to the point
of physically interposing his
own body when the German
police came to the quarter to
round up Jews for deporta-
tion, following (by auto) six
of his 'clients' on a train
heading to Auschwitz and Ait
intercepting the train be- lir
fore it reached the border.
(Little is known 'of the ex- -
tent of his ingenuity as Wal-
lenberg disappeared while
in Soviet custody in
January 1945.)"

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