; THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
An Institute for Jewish Studies in Spain
Opens Doors Five Centuries After Explusion,
By SHIRA CASSEL
NEW YORK—After al-
most five centuries during
which Spain was a nation
cut off from the mainst-
ream of Jewish life. Dor
Hemshekh—Young Lead-
ership has been able to step
in and initiate the Young
Leadership Development In-
stitute and. Center for Jew-
ish Studies in Madri(L:et up
on the model of the Latin
COUNTRY
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American institutes which
have already been seen as
successful.
About 120 persons partici-
pated in the opening cere-
mony in Madrid, with Rabbi
Benito Garzon speaking of
the program's fundamentals
to the assembled commu-
nity and students. Offering
studies in contemporary
Jewry, the Jewish commu-
nity in Spain. Hebrew lan-
guage, community and or-
ganization and modern
Jewish history, the program
was outlined to the commu-
nity leaders, headed by
Philippe M. Halioua.
Twenty-five students are
registered for the full pro-
grams and 37 students for
various courses. Most popu-
lar is contemporary Jewry.
The Jewish population of
Spain is estimated at 5,000.
With its large Moorish
and Jewish populations,
Spain had been the only
multiracial and multi-reli-
gious country in Western
Europe. Much of the indi-
vidual development of Span-
ish civilization in religion,
literature, art and archi-
tecture during the later
Middle Ages was due to this
fact. But this gentle flower-
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The new Christians were
labled "Marranos"—pigs.
Yosef Kaplan of Hebrew
University stressed that the
Inquisition in Spain was not
set up in order to bring
about forced conversions. It
was an instrument to cor-
rect lapses within Christian-
ity, affecting only those who
had already converted.
By BEN GALLOB
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GREAT HUNGARIAN FOOD. r
Many Spanish Jews con-
verted because of social and
professional pressures.
They were forced to wear
"sanbenito" symbolic dress.
Until that time they were
totally integrated into Span-
ish society. Often such a
conversion split a family
into two camps.
(Copyright 1977, JTA, Inc.)
892-9001
TAKE 1-275 SOUTH TO EXIT 5— 7
TURN LEFT (EAST) TO
TELEGRAPH...EASY!
thought not.
quisition, to North Africa,
Italy, Turkey, Israel (then
Palestine), then in the 16th
and 17th Centuries to Hol-
land, Europe and the New
World. By the 18th Century
any Jew remaining in Spain
was totally assimilated.
In 1919 a Jewish mining
engineer accidentally dis,.
covered the existence in
neighboring Portugal of
some 10,000 families of Mar-
rano descent. For centuries
these people lived out-
wardly as Catholics, but
considered themselves a
group apart and secretly
practiced adaptations of
Jewish rites.
The Jewish community in
Spain of today is a new one.
Jews have "returned" there
during the stresses of World'-
War II and also as reaction
to the pressures and restric-
tions on Jews in Moslem
countries. Now, after the
death of Franco the political
and religious climate has
changed in Spain. There is a
more liberal atmosphere of
religious tolerance.
October of this year high-
lighted a Spanish—"Seph-
ardi"—happening. There is
a new Spanish community
and Israel's Chief Rabbi
Ovadia Yosef graced the
Center for Jewish Studies,
the Mercaz Lelimudeh
Yahadut, Madrid.
WANT A SKIMPY SANDWICH?
Friend of Jews
Named by Swiss
DON'T COME TO
OLD TIME DELI
GENEVA (JTA)—Pierre
Auber has been appointed to
the post of minister of foreign
affairs. He is a member of the
Swiss Socialist Party and is
president of the Swiss-Israel
Friendship Association.
A lawyer by profession,
Auber took an active intrest in
Israel and the Jews after he
learned about the Holocaust.
He was born in the town La
Chaux de Fond where there is
an active Jewish community,
and many of his childhood
friends were Jews. Auber also
studied Jewish history and
visited Israel several times.
Some members of his own
party opposed his
appointment, stating that his
ties with Israel disqualified
him from being in charge of
foreign relations for neutral
Switzerland. In spite of these
attacks Auber was elected by
a large majority.
27701 Orchard Lake Road
Near 12 Mile
OPEN 24 HOURS
4
The gloom among
supporters and officials of
Jewish day schools
stemming from some
recent Supreme Court
rulings barring government
funding for some religious
school activities may be
unjustified, in the opinion
of a legal expert.
Sidney Kwestel, president
of the National Jewish
Commission on Law and
Public Affairs (COLPA),
cited the Dec. 6 decision
invalidating a 1972 New
York State law authorizing
a one-time payment of
funds to religious schools in
New York as -limited." He
said it would not
necessarily have an
adverse impact on the
overall issue of such
government aid to such
schools.
The COLPA officials said
that while it is always
difficult to predict
constitutional law changes.
as developed by the
Supreme Court, he added
that the Dec. 6 decision
may well have support for
some types of funding for
religious schools.
Involved in the current
court considerations have
been four laws, three in
New York and one in
Pennsylvania. One is the
1970 New York Mandated
Services law which
provided for payments to
religio- us schools to
reimburse them for the
costs of certain record
keeping and test
administration required by
state law.
A second is a New York
supplemental law to
provide reimbursement to
such schools in the state
limited to the second
semester . of the 1971-72
school year. It was this
1972 law that the Supreme
Court--threw out on Dec. 6.
That law provided about
$11 million to the schools.
A third law was one
adopted by the
Pennsylvania legislature
which provided funds to
pay teachers in religious
schools for such services.
The fourth law is a new
version of the Mandated
Services Law designed to
meet Supreme Court
objections to the 1970 law
which the Supreme Court
ruled invalid because it
lacked safeguards to assure
its application did not
produce involvement with
religion.
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Day Schools' L osses in Court
Not Dreadful: Legal Expert
BUDDY'S PIZZA
♦
At the end of the 14th
Century, as part of the gen-
eral climate of Europe, the
Spanish, church began to
pressure the Jews to accept
baptism. It was a con-
frontation which revolved
on the crucial issue: Had
the Messiah come already
or not? Naturally, the Jews
In 1492 Jews poured out of
Spain, first to Portugal,
which later had its own In-
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Friday, December 30, 1977 27
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