THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
66—Friday, Sept. 28, 1973
Rosh Hashana Quiz
Critical Opinions Differ
Street Art Comes to Tel Aviv
Optimism
By EDITH ZARTEL
The older I grow . . . the
TEL AVIV — About four
more I am confirmed in my
years ago, after the elections,
optimism, in democracy.
the Tel Aviv municipality de-
Walt Whitman.
cided to put money and effort
into improving the looks of
Happy New Year to
the city.
Our Relatives and Friends
Gershon Yuval, an energet-
and warm individual who
El DELMAN BROS. ic
is in charge of the entire
project of urban face-lifting,
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shifted the organized effort
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into high gear. More than
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IL 100,000 ($25,000) was in-
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vested in acquiring equip-
ment and paints for the city's
Happy New Year
schools and youth clubs.
"At first," says Yuval,
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"many school principals ob-
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jected to the idea. They
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claimed that the children
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would soil their clothes, and
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that the matter would harm
school discipline. Later they
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themselves were convinced.
To date, 117 educational insti-
Greetings
New Year
tutions have turned to us for
guidance and paint.
£eo g(rtigAt
"The children went out
with their art teachers,
gitotography planned the art and executed
• Bar Mitzvas
it. We held contests for the
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• Portraits
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schools. In some spots the
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effect is gemlike; schools
352-7030 , have taken on a new look and
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0
new atmosphere. I know of
some art teachers who allow
the pupils to do with the wall
space whatever they like. A
child gets a new idea, and
out goes the whole class to
implement it.
"I don't hold this to be
great art. If we were preten-
tious about creating art and
would conduct a symposium
before every such project, we
wouldn't have got off the
ground. Thousands of kids
are taking part in this proj-
ect of beautifying the city,
and a child who paints his
own school will have another
attitude towards public prem-
ises. Parents have told us
that after their children had
worked at this in school, they
sculptures of famed Israel
artists, among them works of
Kashle, Yigal Tumarkin and
George Segal.
Artist Yigal Tumarkin is
the most critical objector to
the new art. "This is false
exotics," he claims. "They
are antiart manifestations
which I find repugnant." Tu-
markin says that slapping
paint around doesn't change
a city nor does it beautify it,
and he claims that Tel Aviv
has not yet found its charac-
ter as a Mediterranean city.
Tumarkin is not the sole
critic, but perhaps the se-
verest one. Other artists with
whom I have spoken also
view the mass popular paint-
ing the city as couterfeit folk-
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New Year Greetings
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to all our friends and associates
-
For a bright Veu, Year let L/TT lite for you
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Fanny Rosen
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(Copyright 1973, JTA, Inc.)
Why are there so many extra insertions of poetry in the
liturgical services of the High Holy Days or Rosh Hashana
and Yom Kippur?
The insertion of additional poetry into the liturgy of
Sabbaths and festivals in general is a question which has
not been fully answered. It seems that on special Sabbaths
and festivals in general, the cantors, who were at one time
the greatest of Jewish scholars and literary specialists, com-
posed special poems to inspire the congregation and to add
special interest to the prayers. Since these Sabbaths and fes-
tivals were days of rest on which no work was performed
there was time for the congregation to enjoy these addi-
tions. There are some who claim that the additional poetry
had a practical stimulus. There were times when hostile
governments forbade the people of Israel to engage in study
and sometimes even in certain prayers. The poetry was then
a ruse on the part of the rabbis who substituted this poet, "
for study and some prayers.
The poetry carries the theme of the day both in instruc-
tion as well as in emotional inspiration. There is yet another
general motive for these poetic insertions. The addition of
the poetry makes the service a special one. The rabbis
wanted to emphasize that the day was special and so they
made the service unusual by adding the. poetry. The High
Holy Days or Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur were days
when the rabbis wanted the people to be especially charged
emotionally. Adding the poetry made these days unusual
in the eyes and in the hearts of the worshippers.
Why are there three different kinds of notes blown
through the shofar on Rosh Hashana? _
A Very Healthy and Happy New Year
to the Jewish Community
AM.
By RABBI SAMUEL J. FOX
One note for Rosh Hashana is specifically mentioned in
the Bible (Leviticus 23:24 and Numbers 29:1). That note is
called "teruah." The rabbis are in dispute or in doubt as to
the exact form of this note. Some claim that it is a note
which resembles the groaning or sobbing of one who is ill or
in some difficulty. Others claim it resembles the sounds of
a person in tears who shrieks in short staccato yelps. There-
fore, in order to be sure that the right note is blown, both
notes are blown. One finds oneself in fright and trepidation
over the possible consequences of judgment and sobs and
then shrieks in despair. The Kabalists maintain that there
is no doubt or dispute about these two notes. They rather
claim that there are two kinds of judgment being handed
down from heaven on this day of judgment.
There is the phase of soft tender judgment which is
symbolized by the soft sobbing note we call "shevarim."
Then there is the phase of stern harsh judgment which is
symbolized by the excited choppy notes called "teruah."
Not really knowing which type of judgment will eventually
ensue, we blow both these notes to make ourselves aware
of the two possibilities. The third note is called "tekoah"
which is a straightforward shrill blast. The Talmud deduces
from verses in scripture that the basic note of "teruah"
should be introduced and then followed by this straightfor-
ward blast of "tekoah." Some explain that this third straight
sounding even note is blown both before and after the bro-
ken note to indicate that the trials and tribulations of judg-
ment are just an intermediary state of affairs.
The individual is composed and even in his life. The
appearance of doubt, suspicion and sin is an unnatural inter-
ruption in his life. Eventually things do straighten out after
the crisis and his path is smooth again. Thus the straight-
forward sounding note before the broken one indicates his
original basic nature of, goodness, while the straight note
which follows indicates the eventual resolution of all the
problems and difficulties.
came home and painted lore, a sign of provincialism
things up a bit there, as and ostentation.
The Tel Aviv municipality
well."
The special department for people are obviously full of
urban appearance improve- good intent and desire to im-
ment is associated with a prove the quality of life in
consulting committee of arch- the city. They are putting in
itects and artists. This com- much time and money. The
mittee is not called upon to city is cleaner, there are
sit down and delve into the more playgrounds, more
matter, since Yuval keeps green spots, more benches,
his department going at a and more places for outdoor
fast clip and looks for on- entertainment.
But this tremendous proj-
the-spot results.
His energy is reflected in ect of beautifying the city
the city's walls and streets. should have been done in con-
He believes that Tel Aviv sultation with artists, even if
heads the world list of cities this would have prolonged the
in the matter of painting project, so that efforts would
school buildings, youth clubs bear quality fruit and endow
the city with truly new val-
and the like.
ues. —Davar.
Painting the buildings and
walls along the seashore Sanctified by Labor
promenade and painting the
A man can quickly die if
wall surrounding the zoo are
also Yuval's projects. With- he has nothing to do.
Rabbi Simeon ben Eleazar
out going through the fanfare
of bids, these vast spaces said: "Even Adam did not
were assigned to graphic art- taste food until he had done
ist Don Reisinger and to arch- work; as it is said, 'The Lord
itect Ruth Taumann, respec- God took the man, and put
tively; to do with them as him into the Garden of Eden
to till it and keep it' (Gen.
they pleased.
Along with this flow of 2:15), after which He said,
street art, the municipality, 'Of every tree of the garden
aided by the Tel Aviv Fund thou mayest eat.' "
Rabbi Tarfon said: "Even
for the Encouragement of
Art, has been setting up sta- the Holy One, blessed be He,
tues and monuments in public did not cause his Spirit to
areas, in parks, near public alight upon Israel until they
buildings or in the city had done work; as it is said,
squares. In recent months, `Let them make for me a
the city acquired several sanctuary, and then I will
dwell among them' (Exod.
We should not tempt even 25:8)." Abot d'R. Nathan.
an honest man to sin, much
There is nothing perfectly
less a thief, for the Sages
say this is like putting fire secure but poverty—Henry
next to tow.—Tanhuma Buber Wadsworth Longfellow.
—