Michigan _Delegations Join National Eternal Light Vigil;
Starts in Washington Sunday in Plea for USSR Jewry
Ecumenical
Complications
Detailed Story About
Four-Day Convocation
on Pages 9 and 48
THE JEWISH NE S
National Eternal
Light Vigil
CD
Education
for Adults
I=2
r-r
A Weekly Review
Page 4
Editorials
N
of Jewish Events
NAICHiG.g
Michigan's Only English-Jewish Newspaper--Incorporating The Detroit Jewish Chronicle
VOLUME XLV I I I—NO. 4
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Shortcomings
in the USSR:
Basic Facts
Michener's
Own
Background
Notes for
'The Source'
Commentary
Page 2
$6.00 Per Year; This Issue 20c
Anti-Semitism the Issue on Several World Fronts
Pravda Editorial a Sign of USSR
Sensitivity; Vatican Seen Cutting
Deicide Term From Its Schema
Assurance Given in Rome
on Declaration on Jews
ROME (JTA) — Circles close to the Vatican said it
was "unthinkable" that the draft declaration on Catholic
relations with the Jews, which was approved at the last
session of the Ecumenical Council, would be profoundly
modified before its submission at the current session of
the Council, it was reported here by the Ansa Italian News
Agency.
Commenting on recent reports that the Vatican had
yielded to pressure by bishops in Arab countries, by pro-
foundly altering and watering down the declaration ex-
onerating the Jews of the charge of deicide, the Ansa dis-
patch recalled that, on more than one occasion, Augustin
Cardinal Bea, president of the Secretariat for Christian
Unity, which is the responsible Conciliar body for the
declaration, had stated that no substantial changes had
been introduced into the text.
The Vatican circles cited by the news agency report-
ed, however, that, among the amendments which the Sec-
(Continued on Page 6)
Anti-Semitic Stamp Is
Boycotted; Youths Who
Fought Tacuara Freed
LONDON (JTA) — Several firms here
have issued orders forbidding the use
on their mails on the "swastika stamp,"
which went on sale Monday. This stamp,
one of the Battle of Britain Commemor-
ative Set, bars a swastika on a Luftwaffe
plane being downed by an R.A.F. bomb-
er. A non-Jew, Rev. Arthur Jackson,
called on his congregation to boycott the
stamp. The swastika was retained in the
stamp by the Post Office Department,
despite a storm of protests.
BUENOS AIRES (JTA)—The Federal
Court of Appeals Monday reversed a
guilty verdict by a lower court against
three Jewish youths who, while guard-
ing a Jewish social club against attack
by the anti-Semitic Tacuara group, fired
(Continued on Page 3)
•
• •
Susceptibutty to Criticism
. ,
Seen in Communist Article
NEW YORK (JTA) — The Communist Party of the
Soviet Union is showing greater sensitivity to foreign
criticism of the USSR's policy of denying full cultural
and religious freedoms to Russia's 3,000,000 Jews than it
has in decades, American experts on the situation of So-
viet Jewry declared here, basing their opinion on a num-
ber of recent statements condemning anti-Semitism made
by high authorities of the USSR.
They cited especially a front-page editorial in Prav-
da, official organ of the Communist Party of the USSR,
which became available in full translation to the Jewish
Telegraphic Agency. It specifically attributed to Lenin
an outright denunciation of anti-Semitism.
Near the end of the long editorial, entitled "Leninist
Friendship of Peoples," devoted in general to the theme
that close ties among the "more than 100 nationalities and
peoples" in the USSR are necessary for achievement of
"the goal of building a Communist society," Pravda
(Continued on Page 48)
Israelis Hope for Avoidance of Escalation of Friction
•
•
• •
•
Pakistan-India Crisis Parallels Middle East Dangers
By MILTON FRI EDMAN
(Copyright, 1965, Jewish Telegraphic Agency, Inc.)
WASHINGTON—Israel has noted the lack of clarity in American policy toward
. the Indian-Pakistani dispute because Israelis want to avoid a similar escalation in
Arab-Israel friction.
The United States, accepting Pakistani assurances that American jets and tanks
would only be used against Communist aggression, gave Pakistan over $2,000,000,000
worth of arms. Similar pledges were accepted from India, which received a lesser
amount of U.S. weapons.
Washington follows the same premise in its arms shipments
to the Arab states. Free grants of jets and tanks, of the very same
types provided to Pakistan, have been awarded to Jordan. Ameri-
can weapons have also been shipped to Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and
Iraq. The State Department has continually assured Israel that
such arms were designated only for use against Communist ag-
gression, Nasser•te intrigues, or "internal security.!'
Pakistan and India displayed no reluctance in using American
weapons against each other when the Kashmir conflagration esca-
lated this month. The arms neither promoted stability nor inhibited
either side.
The role of America in the India-Pakistan situation became
hopelessly complicated by Communist China's efforts to exploit the
Friedman
situation. America sought to avoid commitment to either side des-
pite previous assurances diplomatically phrased by the State Department.
America might similarly find it convenient to avoid embroilment in an es-
calated Arab-Israel confrontation. If Communist power factions in the region would
gain through the bracketing of America with Israel, the State Department might find
loopholes in the vaguely-worded guarantees given Israel by President Johnson.
Israel would then find - itself completely alone. The competition between
Peiping, Moscow, and Washington would focus on advancing interests in the Arab
Washington hoped to win favor of both Pakistan and India. Similarly, American
policy-makers feel that the United States can befriend both Israel and the Arab
states. Israel has been told that American concessions and aid to the Arabs helps
deter aggression.
Israeli leaders are quietly reassured that America would not stand by if Israel
were attacked. But the same diplomats solemnly assured Indians that U.S. arms
- would never be used by Pakistan against India: They promised Pakistan that .U.S.
arms supplied to India would be employed only against Red China.
Developments in the East have indicated need for greater clarity to avert a
similar disaster in the Arab-Israel situation.. A firm and specific U.S. guarantee to
back Israel in event of aggression is essential.
The water diversion issue could escalate. Border infiltration could cause re-
prisals and counter-reprisals. Yet Washington has failed to clearly warn the Arabs
against dangerous new policies.
Israel is uneasy over developments in Asia. Pakistan is a Moslem state and
consequently never recognized Israel. She took the Arab side against Israel at the
United Nations. Washington armed Pakistan as a bastion against Communism yet
Red China and pro-Communist Indonesia have emerged as Pakistan's closest friends.
Pakistan has not displayed great interest in the Israel issue. She is obsessed
with the Kashmir question and wanted huge American military and economic aid
for a build-up against India.
Several years ago, Pakistan told the State Department to cease sending Jews
to the country as members of U. S. aid missions. The State Department quietly agreed
but was forced to protest after an uproar in Congress. Pakistan withdrew objections.
India granted de jure recognition to Israel in 1952 but failed to implement a
normal diplomatic relationship. No Indian legation was established in Israel. Israelis
were grudgingly permitted to open a consulate in Bombay.
A moderate course was taken by Prime Minister Nehru, who, in 1956, visited
Washington and sought to explain why India recognized Israel but refused to ex-
change diplomatic missions. "Frankly," he said, "the reason was that we felt that
we would be able to help in this matter more by not going a step further and
exchanging diplomatic missions. You know that our relations and contacts with the
Arab nations are very considerable, and in this matter there is considerable passion,
and we thought that was the better course . . . We sympathize with many of tht.
claims of the Arabs, their territory, in regard to refugees, and in regard to other
matters."
However, under Nehru some Indian students came to Israel to study develop-
ment and health techniques. The Indian press often sided with Israel. Voices in the
Indian parliament defended Israel. Nehru appeared sincerely opposed to Arab
dreams of an extermination war against Israel.
The new Prime Minister Shastri has displayed a far more extreme stand
against Israel. He subscribed to a flagrantly anti-Israel communique in Cairo last
year after meeting with President Nasser. Moves were taken to restrict visits to
Israel by Indians and to limit visas to Israelis desiring to travel in India.
A delegation of the fanatical Palestinian Arab Liberation Organization was
welcomed in India. India considered affiliating openly with the Arab League. Anti-
Israel moves were aimed at currying Arab favor abroad and appeasing Moslem
citizens of India.
Khrishna 'Merlon, former Indian delegate to the United Nations, permitted
himself to state that the Jews in Israel should not be thrown into the sea—because
they might contaminate the purity of the water.
Indian Foreign Ministry circles were permeated by anti-Israel bias. But all this
could change if the Arab states side with Moslem Pakistan. India would then have to
seek friends wherever she could find them.