Michigan _Delegations Join National Eternal Light Vigil; Starts in Washington Sunday in Plea for USSR Jewry Ecumenical Complications Detailed Story About Four-Day Convocation on Pages 9 and 48 THE JEWISH NE S National Eternal Light Vigil CD Education for Adults I=2 r-r A Weekly Review Page 4 Editorials N of Jewish Events NAICHiG.g Michigan's Only English-Jewish Newspaper--Incorporating The Detroit Jewish Chronicle VOLUME XLV I I I—NO. 4 Printed in a 100% Union Shop 17100 W. 7 Mile Rd., Detroit 48235—VE 8-9364--Sept. 17, 1965 Shortcomings in the USSR: Basic Facts Michener's Own Background Notes for 'The Source' Commentary Page 2 $6.00 Per Year; This Issue 20c Anti-Semitism the Issue on Several World Fronts Pravda Editorial a Sign of USSR Sensitivity; Vatican Seen Cutting Deicide Term From Its Schema Assurance Given in Rome on Declaration on Jews ROME (JTA) — Circles close to the Vatican said it was "unthinkable" that the draft declaration on Catholic relations with the Jews, which was approved at the last session of the Ecumenical Council, would be profoundly modified before its submission at the current session of the Council, it was reported here by the Ansa Italian News Agency. Commenting on recent reports that the Vatican had yielded to pressure by bishops in Arab countries, by pro- foundly altering and watering down the declaration ex- onerating the Jews of the charge of deicide, the Ansa dis- patch recalled that, on more than one occasion, Augustin Cardinal Bea, president of the Secretariat for Christian Unity, which is the responsible Conciliar body for the declaration, had stated that no substantial changes had been introduced into the text. The Vatican circles cited by the news agency report- ed, however, that, among the amendments which the Sec- (Continued on Page 6) Anti-Semitic Stamp Is Boycotted; Youths Who Fought Tacuara Freed LONDON (JTA) — Several firms here have issued orders forbidding the use on their mails on the "swastika stamp," which went on sale Monday. This stamp, one of the Battle of Britain Commemor- ative Set, bars a swastika on a Luftwaffe plane being downed by an R.A.F. bomb- er. A non-Jew, Rev. Arthur Jackson, called on his congregation to boycott the stamp. The swastika was retained in the stamp by the Post Office Department, despite a storm of protests. BUENOS AIRES (JTA)—The Federal Court of Appeals Monday reversed a guilty verdict by a lower court against three Jewish youths who, while guard- ing a Jewish social club against attack by the anti-Semitic Tacuara group, fired (Continued on Page 3) • • • Susceptibutty to Criticism . , Seen in Communist Article NEW YORK (JTA) — The Communist Party of the Soviet Union is showing greater sensitivity to foreign criticism of the USSR's policy of denying full cultural and religious freedoms to Russia's 3,000,000 Jews than it has in decades, American experts on the situation of So- viet Jewry declared here, basing their opinion on a num- ber of recent statements condemning anti-Semitism made by high authorities of the USSR. They cited especially a front-page editorial in Prav- da, official organ of the Communist Party of the USSR, which became available in full translation to the Jewish Telegraphic Agency. It specifically attributed to Lenin an outright denunciation of anti-Semitism. Near the end of the long editorial, entitled "Leninist Friendship of Peoples," devoted in general to the theme that close ties among the "more than 100 nationalities and peoples" in the USSR are necessary for achievement of "the goal of building a Communist society," Pravda (Continued on Page 48) Israelis Hope for Avoidance of Escalation of Friction • • • • • Pakistan-India Crisis Parallels Middle East Dangers By MILTON FRI EDMAN (Copyright, 1965, Jewish Telegraphic Agency, Inc.) WASHINGTON—Israel has noted the lack of clarity in American policy toward . the Indian-Pakistani dispute because Israelis want to avoid a similar escalation in Arab-Israel friction. The United States, accepting Pakistani assurances that American jets and tanks would only be used against Communist aggression, gave Pakistan over $2,000,000,000 worth of arms. Similar pledges were accepted from India, which received a lesser amount of U.S. weapons. Washington follows the same premise in its arms shipments to the Arab states. Free grants of jets and tanks, of the very same types provided to Pakistan, have been awarded to Jordan. Ameri- can weapons have also been shipped to Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Iraq. The State Department has continually assured Israel that such arms were designated only for use against Communist ag- gression, Nasser•te intrigues, or "internal security.!' Pakistan and India displayed no reluctance in using American weapons against each other when the Kashmir conflagration esca- lated this month. The arms neither promoted stability nor inhibited either side. The role of America in the India-Pakistan situation became hopelessly complicated by Communist China's efforts to exploit the Friedman situation. America sought to avoid commitment to either side des- pite previous assurances diplomatically phrased by the State Department. America might similarly find it convenient to avoid embroilment in an es- calated Arab-Israel confrontation. If Communist power factions in the region would gain through the bracketing of America with Israel, the State Department might find loopholes in the vaguely-worded guarantees given Israel by President Johnson. Israel would then find - itself completely alone. The competition between Peiping, Moscow, and Washington would focus on advancing interests in the Arab Washington hoped to win favor of both Pakistan and India. Similarly, American policy-makers feel that the United States can befriend both Israel and the Arab states. Israel has been told that American concessions and aid to the Arabs helps deter aggression. Israeli leaders are quietly reassured that America would not stand by if Israel were attacked. But the same diplomats solemnly assured Indians that U.S. arms - would never be used by Pakistan against India: They promised Pakistan that .U.S. arms supplied to India would be employed only against Red China. Developments in the East have indicated need for greater clarity to avert a similar disaster in the Arab-Israel situation.. A firm and specific U.S. guarantee to back Israel in event of aggression is essential. The water diversion issue could escalate. Border infiltration could cause re- prisals and counter-reprisals. Yet Washington has failed to clearly warn the Arabs against dangerous new policies. Israel is uneasy over developments in Asia. Pakistan is a Moslem state and consequently never recognized Israel. She took the Arab side against Israel at the United Nations. Washington armed Pakistan as a bastion against Communism yet Red China and pro-Communist Indonesia have emerged as Pakistan's closest friends. Pakistan has not displayed great interest in the Israel issue. She is obsessed with the Kashmir question and wanted huge American military and economic aid for a build-up against India. Several years ago, Pakistan told the State Department to cease sending Jews to the country as members of U. S. aid missions. The State Department quietly agreed but was forced to protest after an uproar in Congress. Pakistan withdrew objections. India granted de jure recognition to Israel in 1952 but failed to implement a normal diplomatic relationship. No Indian legation was established in Israel. Israelis were grudgingly permitted to open a consulate in Bombay. A moderate course was taken by Prime Minister Nehru, who, in 1956, visited Washington and sought to explain why India recognized Israel but refused to ex- change diplomatic missions. "Frankly," he said, "the reason was that we felt that we would be able to help in this matter more by not going a step further and exchanging diplomatic missions. You know that our relations and contacts with the Arab nations are very considerable, and in this matter there is considerable passion, and we thought that was the better course . . . We sympathize with many of tht. claims of the Arabs, their territory, in regard to refugees, and in regard to other matters." However, under Nehru some Indian students came to Israel to study develop- ment and health techniques. The Indian press often sided with Israel. Voices in the Indian parliament defended Israel. Nehru appeared sincerely opposed to Arab dreams of an extermination war against Israel. The new Prime Minister Shastri has displayed a far more extreme stand against Israel. He subscribed to a flagrantly anti-Israel communique in Cairo last year after meeting with President Nasser. Moves were taken to restrict visits to Israel by Indians and to limit visas to Israelis desiring to travel in India. A delegation of the fanatical Palestinian Arab Liberation Organization was welcomed in India. India considered affiliating openly with the Arab League. Anti- Israel moves were aimed at currying Arab favor abroad and appeasing Moslem citizens of India. Khrishna 'Merlon, former Indian delegate to the United Nations, permitted himself to state that the Jews in Israel should not be thrown into the sea—because they might contaminate the purity of the water. Indian Foreign Ministry circles were permeated by anti-Israel bias. But all this could change if the Arab states side with Moslem Pakistan. India would then have to seek friends wherever she could find them.