Eshkol Back in Power; Hopes for Amity with USSR
(Continued from Page 1)
fight for a new inquiry. Housing
Minister Joseph Almogi and for-
mer Agriculture Minister Moshe
Dayan were among the eight who
voted for a new inquiry.
One thousand residents of
Haifa held a protest march in
support of Premier Eshkol and
in opposition to former Premier
David Ben-Gurion's demand for
a renewed investigation of the
1954 security mishap and the
role in it of Pinhas Lavon. The
demonstration was initiated by
the famous Haifa secondary
school.
Eshkol stated, in a letter to
President Shazar, that he does not I
favor early elections and that. in-
stead. efforts should be directed
toward formation of a stable gov-
ernment which would function
until the expiration of the old
Cabinet's term in office next year.
Ben-Gurion. whose insistence
upon a reinvestigation of the 10-
year-old Lavon Affair caused the
break between him and Eshkol.
with the resultant resignation of
the Eshkol government. was ex-
pected to publish soon his "white
paper." dealing with the Lavon
Affair. He is reportedly holding
back that publication only until
the Israeli military censorship ap-
proves certain segments of his •
proposed report.
The report will presumably deal
in part with the "security mishap."
never publicly identified. which
led to Pinhas Lavon's resignation
from the Defense Ministry in 1955
and. in 1960, his ousting from the
secretary-generalship of Histadrut.
In a nationwide radio broadcast,
Eshkol explained to the Israeli
people why he had opposed a new
inquiry into the Lavon affair as
proposed by Ben-Gurion. He re-
ferred to the "security mishap" by
speaking of it as "a certain opera-
tion, the nature of which I am not
free to describe, due to reasons of
security."
That event, he said, took place
without the knowledge of the gov-
ernment, "and was injurious to the
vital interests of the state." He
described the various committees
that probed that "event," including
the committee of seven ministers
of the Ben-Gurion government in
1960, of which he was a member.
Arab draft. All eight other mem-
bers of the 11-member Council ab-
stained.
Morocco's Dey Ould Sidi Baba
then tried to achieve his goal by
introducing amendments to the
Western resolution which would
have supported the Syrian claim
that Israel was guilty of aggres-
sion, but this month's president of
the Council, Fernando Ortiz Sanz
of Bolivia adjourned the meeting
without setting a date for the next
session.
UN Council Rejects Morocco
Resolution Against Israel
UNITED NATIONS, N. Y. (JTA)
—A draft resolution introduced
several weeks ago by Morocco, the
only Arab member of the Council,
which would have criticized Israel
sharply and would have laid all
the blame for the Nov. 13 Syria-
Israel flare-up on Israel, was re-
jected by the overwhelming vote
of eight to three. Only the Soviet
Union and Czechoslovakia joined
_Morocco
in supporting the
pro-
M
I
French Assembly Acts Unanimously to Declare
No-Time Limit on Prosecution for War Crimes
ered by time prescriptions and lim-
itations. Our vote will also serve as
a warning to the tens of thousands
of war criminals who are still in
hiding and only await the fateful
day of May 8, 1965, to come out in
the open."
next May, some of the worst Nazi
war criminals will enjoy freedom
from prosecution, - M. Coste told
the 117 members of the Assembly.
"Let us suppose for an instant that
Hitler himself is still alive and hid-
ing somewhere. Should he turn up
after next May 8, he could invoke
the statute of limitations of West •
The law. which was presented as
and retire like the former
a private members bill but had Kafser did in a foreign country.
government support. declared that , This is inadmissable."
"crimes against humanity_ as they j
are defined by the United Nations I He was applauded by all deputies
resolution of February 13, 1946, when he said that "by adopting the
and by the charter of the Interna- law which we propose. the French
tionai Tribunal. are not subject to Parliament will honor its pledges
a statute of limitation by their
and will remain true to the mem-
very nature."
The measure now will be sent ory of the resistance fighters and
deportees killed during the war.
to the upper house where it is
assured of passage. It will become By a unanimous vote, the Assem-
law probably early next year. The bly will clearly' show that time
new law will enable the French ' cannot erase the horror of these
crimes::
government to arrest, detain and
try former war criminals enter-
Raymond Schmittlein, Assembly
ing French territory. The report
vice president, who submitted the
of the Assembly's legal commit-
bill with M. Coste. said: "What bet-
tee was presented by Deputy Al-
ter memorial to the victims and
fred Coste, a former French pro-
martyrs of the war could we erect
secutor at the Allied War
than a law declaring that the
Crimes Trials at Nuremberg.
crimes committed against them
"It is inconceivable that as of and against humanity are not cov-
PARIS (JTA)—The French Na-
tional Assembly approved by un-
animous vote of practically its en-
tire membership a law holding that
war crimes and crimes against hu-
manity are not subject to any time
limit for prosecution in France.
In London, more than 50 Labor
members of the British Parliament
were disclosed Tuesday to have
given support to a petition urging
the West German government to
ext the deadline for prosecu-
war criminals.
tion of
Emanuel Shinwell, parliamen-
tary Labor Party chairman, is
sponsoring th petition.
In Brun.•ick. German y. a
group of university professor-
the
petitioned the Bundestag,
lower house of the West German
Parliament. to extend the statute
of limitations on Nazi war cri-
minals beyond May 8.
Brazil to Receive Aid
From Israel for Water
RIO DE JANEIRO (JTA)—The
Israel Government signed an agree-
ment with Brazil according to the
terms of which Israel will provide
5100,090 in technical aid for water
development in the underdevelop-
ed northern province, Rio Grande
do Norte.
Groundwork Laid for 1965 Campaign
(Continued from Page 1)
light of sweeping social changes
now under way in America. He
emphasized that such fields as
Negro-Jewish and Christian-Jewish
relationships had created problems
that had to be met head-on with
a program of education and social
service. Greenberg emphasized that
to meet the challenge of the '60s, ,
a "New Horizons" basis in the
Community Relations Field would
require additional money, and rec-
ommended a 5-to-10 per cent in-
crease, or approximately S23.000
more than that division had re- ■
ceived in the 1964-65 budget.
The education division report
was tendered by Mandell L. Ber- ,
man, chairman. He stressed the
need for qualitative improvement
in educational facilities, citing the
need for more and better qualified
teachers. improved text books and
interesting cultural and educa-
tional programs to hold and main-
tain the interest of our - youth and
young adults. Special programs for
teens and adults to help them
maintain an identity with t h e
Jewish community were suggested.
Berman pointed out that be-
cause of normal salary increases
and the rising costs of educational
facilities, an increase over last
year's budget would be necessary
merely to maintain services already
operative. He asked the group to
consider an increase of $22.000
for local Jewish education and a
plus of $'7,000 for national educa-
tional and cultural agencies.
Alan E. Schwartz. chairman of
the health and welfare division,
pointed out that "the Jewish case-
work load and the care of Jewish
refugees is our responsibility. Ris-
ing operating costs in this field,
too, present problems." Schwartz
pointed out that additional money
was required just to maintain
normal levels of service. He said
that $67,000 will be needed to
initiate operation of Borman Hall,
the new Jewish Home for Aged
now building on Seven Mile Road.
The committee on capital needs
was represented by its associate
chairman, Irving Rose, who gave
a bright picture of the forward
looking building program being
financed through that committee's
actions. He cited as examples of
its ongoing program to update
and keep abreast of current needs.
the proposed expansion of t h e
United Hebrew Schools into new
Southfield quarters soon to be re-
viewed by his committee, and the
many additions and improvements
to local buildings.
William Avrunin, executive di-
rector of Federation, summarized
the reports of the morning and
broke down into dollar amounts
the money that would be allocated
to each budgeting category if. for
example. an increased achievement
of $4,800,000 in this year's cam-
paign followed the basic 1964
budgeting formula:
1964
1965
Experience Projections
54.675.000 54,800.000
310.000
310.000
1,512,000
Campaign for
collections
Reserve for
Shrinkage
Available for
Allocation
Overseas and
Israel
Local - operating
265.000
Local - capital
257.125
264,000
4.107.875
4,226.000
2,145,132
(52.22'; )
L470,208
(35.79'; )
257.153
(6.26'; )
235,381
(5.73' ; )
2,207,000
242,000 National agencies
Phillip Stollman announced that
during the national UJA meetings
in New York a group from Detroit
already pledged $1,200,000 to the
campaign for an increase of 22 per
cent over their 1964 pledges. He
urged those present to show their
heart and spirit with similar in-
creases.
Sol Eisenberg, speaking on be-
half of the Detroit campaign of
which he and Irwin Green are
general chairmen and Al Borman
is honorary chairman, told the
group he expected a banner year
of over $5,000,000.
The steering committee, headed
by Louis Tabashnik, proposed
budget formula for approval by
the Federation executive commit-
tee and board of governors. Other
members of the steering commit-
tee were Mrs. Sidney J. Allen,
William Avrunin, Dr. Abraham
Becker. Mandell L. Berman, Abra-
ham Borman, Dr. Norman Drach-
ler, Sol Eisenberg. Eugene Epstein,
Max M. Fisher. Edward Fleisch-
man, Rabbi Leon Frain, Samuel J.
Greenberg. Samuel S. Greenberg,
Mrs. I. Jerome Hauser, Mrs. John
C. Hopp. Mrs. Benjamin Jones,
Milton J. Miller, Dr. Irving Posner,
David Safran, Hyman Safran, Alan
E. Schwartz, Max M. Shaye, Sidney .
Shevitz, Dr. Peter Shifrin, Erwin
S. Simon, Phillip Stoilman, Stanley
J. Winkelman. George M. Zeltzer
and Paul Zuckerman.
Ambassador Joseph Nahmias
signed the agreement for Israel,
and Governor Alvision Alves of
Rio Grande do Norte, signed for
Brazil.
32—Friday, December 25, 1964
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
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Jews of Yemen
Yemen is a country in the southwest-
ern part of the Arabian Peninsula. It
is believed that in bibical times the
state of Sheba was in this area. The
name of this country is known to us
from the Bible that tells us about the
rich Queen of Sheba.
The Yemenite Jews are those that
lived in Yemen. This group of Jews
is very interesting. It is one of the
oldest Jewish communities in the world.
They observed their way of life and
special traditions till this day.
The Jews in Yemen had spiritual
contacts with the Jews of the world.
They participated in the religious and
cultural life of the medieval period
and wrote poetry and legends based on
the Bible. The great culture of the
Spanish Jews influenced them too. They
studied philosophy and wrote poetry
on religious matters and everyday life.
Kabbala, mystics, made a strong im-
print upon them. This movement in
Yemen emphasized the great value of
religious belief. The Jews of Yemen
are very religious. therefore thy are
great lovers of Zion. With the estab-
lishment of the State of Israel they
immigrated to Israel.
The Yemenites are good craftsmen.
They work with metal, silver and gold
—and do various handworks. They are
also experts in delicate pieces of works
and especially at embroidery. These
are national crafts to the Yemenites.
The Yemenite Jews are also good farm-
ers and they settled in many moshavim
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and kibbutzim.
Published by Brith Ivrith Olamith,
Jerusalem
1
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. • i•
Hebrew Corner
—Translation of Hebrew Corner
In explaining the Western reso-
lution, Ambassador Charles W.
Yost of the United States told the
Council that the draft which he
was co-sponsoring is concerned with
the future and applies. "to preven-
tion of a repetition of such a tragic
incident" as had occurred on Nov.
13. The American-British resolu-
tion would have the Council strictly
avoid blaming either Syria or Israel
for the latest clash.
The American-British resolution
deplored "the renewal of military
action" on the Syrian-Israel bor-
der, called upon both parties .to
participate fully in the meetings
of the Mixed Armistice Commis-
sion and requested the UN secre-
tary general to inform the Council
by March 31 "of the progress that
has been made toward implement-
ing these suggestions."
Denouncing the "Palestine Li-
beration Organization" authoriz-
ed by the Arab summit meeting
last September at Alexandria as
an "Israel liquidation organiza-
tion," Israel's deputy premier.
Abba Eban told the General As-
sembly Tuesday that "Israel will
he defended in the future as in
the past" against all Arab ag-
gressions and threats."
Eban addressed the Assembly in
reply to nine speeches made in the
last three weeks by representatives
of Arab states who, he charged,
proclaimed openly "a message of
war and a threat of force for the
elimination of Israel."
Noting that the one central
theme of the current Assembly
from its opening on Dec. 1 until
today has "echoed with a quest
for peace a quest for international
order," Eban charged that in the
current Assembly the authorized
spokesman for the Arab countries
had stood out as the only mem-
bers of the United Nations calling
for war and "hoping to extinguish
freedom and sovereignty of an-
other member state, the state
of Israel."
In spite of all the vast territory
possed by th.e 13 member states
, of the Arab League. Eban charged
they now hoped to liquidate Israel
and "make it into a 14th Arab
state."
(
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