1 1 Signs of Sovereign Jewish State
Face Etclunann at Every Turn in
Glass Cage—He Utters `Jawohl'
By BEN FELLER
;•- ■
"tt
JewiSh Telegraphic Agency
Correspondent
(Copyright, 1961, Jewish Telegraph is
Agency, Inc.) '
JERUSALEM — Adolf Eic h-
Pcs mann, Jewry's most hated livin ci
4, enemy, was brought to tri al
Tuesday before ' a sovereig n
Israel court on charges of co m-
mitting one of history's mo st
44 savage series of crimes again st
the Jewish people and again st
humanity.
The first trial sessions co n-
stituted a scene of the greate st
dramatic impact. It was evide nt
from the outset that histori c
He either stared into nowhere
justice was being enacted wit h
ig the reading of the most. dam n- or looked slightly to the left
as if to avoid the eyes of
E-1 ing indictment ever to be face d Deputy Attorney General
by a single mortal.
Yaacov. Barbor, the bearded
The drama began precisely a t skull-capped, Frankfurt - Bonn
1:0 nine o'clock before the thre e-
scion of the Breuer family,
E-4 judge court—Supreme Cour t founders of the Agudat Israel.
Justice Moshe Landau, Judg e
Whether Eichmann was
- Benjamin Halevi, president _o f brooding over the riddle of
the Jerusalem District Cour t, Jewish existence or the fate
and Judge Yitzhak Raveh o f of his "final solution," which
the Tel Aviv District Court.
took the. lives of one out of
All of them are German-
every three Jews then living,
born and all of them, but for
may never be known.
the luck of having had im-
But one thing was certain:
migration . certificates. for wherever he turned in the im-
Palestine, might have been provised hall of his judgment,
one of the many Moshes, he saw signs of the sovereign
Benjamins and Yitzhaks done Jewish state ranging from the
to death- in the Nazi holo- gilded menorah hanging di-
caust.
rectly behind Justice Landau's
In the glass-enclosed, bullet bench, to the Hebrew tags on
proof box sat the thin-lipped de the shoulders of the two Israeli
fendant, a man without a coun- police guards who flanked him
try, spurned by his own people, in the box, to the words of
his defense paid by his 'ac- the indictment, which rolled
cusers. There was no trace in out in the tongue of the He-
his manner of the Nazi "her - brew prophets.
renvolk" arrogance or powe r Except when he donned or
as he stood listening to the removed his earphones, Eich-
reading of the bill of indict - mann remained almost motion-
ment by Justice Landau.
less throughout the morning
Eichmann looked as Cain session. He looked like a
must have looked when he was groomed scarecrow or a haber-
driven out of the land for the dasher's dummy in his well-
murder of his brdther. Be fitted suit. His sharp features
stood almost in a pose of tensed somewhat when Justice
abs t r a c t i o n. He occasionally . Landau interrupted the inter-
would wet his lips or swallow , preter with a request to im-
slightly." At the mention of the prove the nuances of the coun-
various Nazi murder camps, his sel's German in the Hebrew
lips contracted slightly.
translation.
When the indictment re-
Before the opening of the
- called that the Nazi murder
trial, residents of buildings
machinery was particularly
on Bezalel Street, across from
active on Saturdays and Jew-
the community center, the
ish holidays, a slight twitch
Beth Ha-Am, which was con-
was observed in his cheeks.
verted into a court for the
Wearing a dark grey suit, trial, watched the scene from
a bright shirt and a dark neck- balconies and windows. Hun-
tie, the defendant seemed dreds of spectators lined up
calm. He leaned back in his behind the grilled fences
chair, not looking at the audi- erected on Bezalel and Nar-
ence of correspondents from kiss Streets. Dozens of po-
all over the world and diplo- licemen, including the green-
mats from many countries, but bereted border police and
keeping his gaze fixed on the some mounted police were
court bench.
deployed throughout the area
He stood with all others when to maintain order.
the judges walked into the
Diplomats who were immedi-
chamber and from that time ately identified were the am-
on he remained standing, look- bassadors of France, Ghana,
ing stiffly at the judges only. Liberia, Switzerland, Turkey,
His first publicly spoken Lruguay, Austria, Ethiopia and
word since he was brought others. Photographers swarmed
to Israel last May was a
through the area, shooting pic-
"jawohi," made in reply to
the formal que.stion from tures of the crowds, the police
Justice Landau, "are you and even sweetcleaners clean-
ing up the latest deposits of
Adolf the son of Karl Eich- trash.
mann?"
At nearby Ratisbonne Hall,
The reply was translated Into
the court proceedings were
Hebrew, just as the questions
were translated into German televised. Admission was free
on a first-come, first-served
for him. He replied in the af- basis. Sixty-five persons were
firmative when he was asked -
in line when the doors opened
whether he was being repre- at 7:30 in the morning and all
sented by Dr. Robert. Servatius, of the 670 seats were occupied
his chief counsel, and Dieter by 8:45 p.m.
Wechtenbruch, the assistant
counsel.
The judge then named the Austria Disclaiins
prosecutor, Attorney General Eichmann as Citizen
Gideon Hausner, and stated that
VIENNA, (JTA) — A spokes-
the defendant was charged by man for the Ministry of the In-
the Israel State Prosecution terior, eager to disassociate this
with crimes against the Jewish country from any p ossible
people and against humanity responsiblity for Adolf Eichmann,
and with war crimes under 15 said that while Eichmann's father
counts. Each of these was had become a naturalized citizen,
translated into German as it that- act did not confer Austrian
was read to the court.
citizenship on Adolf Eichmann.
During Servatius' arguments The latter was too old at the
against the competence of the time his father was naturalized to
court and on various subtleties be covered by the father's citi-
of international law, Eichmann zenship papers, the spokesman
apparently feigned in attention. said.
56 GREAT CAUSES
including the
United Jewish Appeal
DETROIT
Community Workshop
- Fresh Air Society
Hebrew Free Loan Association
House of Shelter
Jewish Community Center
Jewish Community Council
Jewish Family and Children's
Service and Bellefaire
Jewish Home for Aged
Jewish Vocational Service
Jewish Welfare Federation
Midrasha'
Resettlement Service
Sholem Aleichem School
•
Sinai Hospital and
Shiffman Clinic
Student Training Fund
United Community . Services
Scholarship Fund
Tamarack Hills Authority
United Hebrew Schools
United Jewish Folk Schools
United Jewish High School
Workmen's Circle School
Yeshivath Beth Yehudah
Afternoon School
OVERSEAS
America-Israel Cultirral Foundation
Jewish National Fund
(Beneficiary of UJA)
ORT (Beneficiary of UJA)
University - Technion
Joint Maintenance Appeal
United HIAS Service
United Jewish Appeal
Joint Distribution Committee
New York Association
for New Americans
United Israel Appeal
day after day, 40,000 jew-
• ish children in Asian and African land
down to a solid meal, courtesy of yo
contributor to the United Jewish
For breakfast, in the hov
EVERY NOONTIME,
■
American Academy
for Jewish Research
American Association
for Jewish Education
leanwl
young peo
future als
hundred
home — they had scraps, o
supper — they'll have to `s
Lunch is their one big no
American Jewish Congress
American Jewish Historical Society
B'nai B'rith National Youth
Services Appeal
Conference on Jewish Social Studies
Council of Jewish Federations
and Welfare Funds
Dropsie College
Histadruth Ivrith
Jewish Braille Institute
Jewish Labor Committee
Jewish Occupational Council
Jewish Publication Society
Jewish War Veterans
Joint Defense Appeal
American Jewish Committee
Anti-Defamation League of
B'nai B'rith
National Community Relations
Advisory Council
National Conference of
Jewish Communal Service ".
National Foundation for
Jewish Culture
National Jewish Welfare Board
YIVO Instiute for Jewish Research
How big? Through th oint Distribution
Committee, a UJA mein
agency, tops
meat, huge quahtities of eg
bread and rice
are provided. But the meanin
full plate
to a desperately hungry child
be
measured. It's as big as life itself.
ere
nothing.
What gr
Give a gel
Welcome your Allied
Jewish Campaign
solicitor .. .
•
On behalf of:
JOINT DISTRIBUTION COMMITTEE • NEW YORK