Early Parliament ary Responses to
Herzlian Political ZiOniSM
By JOSEF FRAENKEL
In September 1900 the English
Zionist Federation sent out a
circular to parliamentary can-
didates, informing them of the
task and aims of Zionism as a
political movement. They were
also called upon, if elected, to
support Zionist hopes and the
historic right of the Jews to re-
turn to Palestine, in the House
of Commons.
This action aroused tremen-
dous controversy, and not only
anti-Zionists, but even some
"practical" Zionists, sharply
criticised the "political" Zion-
ists Sir Francis Montefiore,
Leopold Greenberg and in par-
ticular Joseph Cowen, who as
chairman of the English Zionist
Federation had . signed the cir-
cular. A Leeds Zionist com-
plained: ". . . Now I should like
to ask, as a Zionist, what in the
name of common-sense has
English politics got to do with
Zionism . . ."
Theodor Herzl; the founder
of the Zionist World Organiza-
tion, whose approval of the plan
to distribute the circular _had
been given beforehand, reacted
quite differently. He openly
praised the activities of the Fed-
eration for he was determined to
associate English politics with
Zionism. "The wisest step taken
Report Nehru Gets
Nasser's Pledge
on Aqaba Passage
JERUSALEM (JTA) — Presi-
dent Nasser of Egypt reportedly
told Prime Minister Nehru of
India that Egypt does not in-
tend to reinstitute its blockade
of the Gulf of Aqaba
During his recent stay in
Cairo, these same sources said,
Nehru strongly advised Nasser
against any attempt to re-
impose the Arab blockade of
Israel's southern water exit.
It is belieVed here that Prime
Minister Nehru's advice was
based on a knowledge that
Israel was 'prepared to use
force to break any blockade by
the Arab states, regardless of
whether the blockading state
was "pro-Soviet" or "pro-West."
Observers here also feel that
Nehru is particularly sensitive
to the issue of freedom of navi-
gation because of the economic
privation of the Indian economy
during the period when the
SUez Canal was blocked.
(From Cairo it was reported,
however, that Egypt and Saudi
Arabia have again joined forces
to prevent Israeli shipping from
using the Gulf of Aqaba.)
Damascus Radio quoted Syr-
ian Premier Sabri Assail as
stating: "We shall never sit at
a peace table with Israel. We
are unwilling to abandon the
Arabs' rights to Palestine. We
are determined to restore them
in the future."
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by our movement for a long
time," he stated.
Mr. Leizerowitz, a Zionist and
journalist in London, wrote to
Herzl in Vienna asking how he
should vote and Herzl replied.
Herzl's original letter was re-
cently found in London.
"Dear Sir,
In reply to your inquiry, I
can only give you one clear
and simple answer, that Zion-
ists, under all circumstances,
must vote for Zionists and
against the non-Zionists. That
is really quite a matter of
course. But in any situation,
where you do not wish to vote
for the opponent of an anti-
Zionist, there remains no
other alternative but that you
should withhold your vote.
Anyone of a different view
or recommending such an
opinion to others of our or-
ganization, I cannot consider
as a Zionist. Therefore as far
as you are concerned with the
elections I can only give you
the short advice, to vote for
the candidate who has de-
clared himself in favour of
Zionism, whether he is Jew
or Gentile; if this is not pos-
sible then to abstain from
voting. Moreover I must tell
you that I cannot and must
not concern myself with the
personal question s. These
things are always left to the
organization in the country
and I can only express the
urgent and definite wish, that
under all circumstances, unity
must be restored, for it would
be ruinous to our movement,
were the representatives of
the country, members of the
Actions-Committee, elected by
the Zionist Congress, to be at-
tacked. Look up Mr. Cowen.
He will, as far as I know him,
be ready to discuss with you,
the matters in question. With
Zionist greetings,
Yours truly,
Herzl.'•
The English Zionist Federa-
tion received 130 replies from
the candidates before the elec-
tions, all favorable. Of these,
31 of various parties were elect-
ed as M.P.'s. After the elections
another 13 M.P.'s, one a mem-
ber of the Cabinet, replied and
they too promised their sup-
port for Zionism. These 44
M.P.'s., who in 1900 openly de-
clared their sympathy for. pol-
itical Zionism, were in a way—
pioneers of the Balfour Declara-
tion (1917).
French and Israelis
Survey Project for
Elath Railway Line
(Direct JTA Teletype Wire
to The Jewish News)
TEL AVIV — A representa-
tive of the semi-official French
Company for Overseas Works
arrived here Tuesday to survey
the project for a railway line
to Elath, Israel's port at the
head of the gulf of Aqaba.
Another French engineer is
due here the end of the month
to study the project for a new
port on the Mediterranean at
Ashdot Yam.
Make Circumcision Available
for Communist Emigrants
JERUSALEM, (JTA) — In
view of the wave of immigra-
tion from Communist countries
where it was not always pos-
sible to circumcise children - at
birth, the Ministry of Religious
Affairs has offered treatment
and hospital facilities to . those
who now wish to have the op-
eration performed.
The Ministry circularized kib-
butzim, immigrant reception
centers and new development
villages to this effect, and
stated that beds in government,
public and private hospitals
throughout the country have
been reserved for this purpose.
At the same time, the Minis-
try reported a large increase in
requests for circumcisions for
recent arrivals.
Malben Handicapped Set Up Parcel Post System in Israel
Recently, a small truck pulled
to the curb in Haifa. An ener-
getic young man maneuvered
himself out on crutches,
checked the address of the
house in front of him, rang
the bell a n d delivered a
package to the lady of the
house. The lady was pleasantly
surprised. So is the rest of Israel
as it learns, through perform-
ance, of the parcel post service
instituted by the Post Office
Department (a service hereto-
fore unheard of) as a result
of its agreement with Malben,
the Joint Distribution Commit-
tee program in Israel for the
care of sick, aged and handi-
capped immigrants.
The man who delivered the
package, Shmuel Vollobchik, is
legless—a handicapped immi-
grant who came to Israel from
Germany in 1950. Men like
Shmuel Vollobchik are eager to
work, are eager for a chance to
resume a normal life. And Mal-
ben, eager to help them, seeks
out every opportunity for place-
ment of these immigrants. Mal-
ben, like other aspects of JDC's
overseas program, is supported
chiefly by American Jews
through the United Jewish Ap-
peal.
Malben and the Ministry of
Posts came to an agreement. In-
augurating a new service, the
Israel Post Office will pay Mal-
ben for each package delivered.
In turn, Malben will pay the
handicapped per package. What
is not written in the agreement
is the background of intense
activity on the part of Malben
—helping the handicapped in-
dividual to acquire a t r u c k,
training him to drive despite his
handicap and assuring him a
minimum wage until he "gets
going."
Shmuel Vollobchik delivers in
the Haifa area. The first day he
delivered only five parcels; the
Attests Toscanini's
'Gift to Israel
In a story by Shlomo B. Lew-
ertoff, released by the Jewish
National Fund of America, the
magnanimous gift to Israel
from the late
Arturo Tos-'
canini is de-
scribed.
In 1935, with
the spread of
Hit lerism,
Jewish and
"non-A r y a n"
European m u-
sicians were - A
being dismiss- Toscanini
ed from their positions. The
late w o r l d-famous violinist
Bronislaw Huberman decided,
with the help of Lewertoff; a
former music administrator in
Germany, to organize the dis-
placed musicians in Tel Aviv,
then a 27-year 'old city with
a population of about 100,000
western-oriented inhabitants.
William Steinberg, ex-chief
conductor of the Frankfort
opera house and now Pitts-
burgh Symphony Orchestra di-
rector, agreed to prepare the
infant orchestra for public per-
formances to be conducted by
Arturo Toscanini.
The public could not believe
that so famous and temper-
mental a man would under-
take "the dubious satisfaction"
of conducting an orchestra of
uncertain ability. At after-work
get-togethers orchestra mem-
bers would relieve their ten-
sions by impersonating the
Maestro arriving, looking indig-
nantly at Steinberg, shouting
"Who is this young man?" and
rushing from the platform back
to America.
Meanwhile, the Arabs and
Jews had daily political clashes,
making it hazardous for Tos-
canini to come to Palestine.
Despite his well-filled advance
calendar, he agreed to postpone
the opening concert for two
months.
Though the unrest persisted,
the Maestro arrived at the
later date. The public, at first
reluctant to purchase tickets,
bought out all available seats.
Demands for more seats re-
sulted in the cramming of
more chairs into the over-
crowded hall and police pro-
tection of the orchestra staff,
besieged by crowds insisting on
buying more tickets yet.
Finally, Toscanini conducted
the orchestra, now named the
Israel Philharmonic, in a hall
"filled to the roof." The group's
four additional concerts were
fully attended in Egypt after
five presented in Israel. Now,
Toscanini's name is forever
linked with the cultural up-
building of Israel, Lewertoff
declares.
second he delivered 13. As the
service develops, Shmuel Vol-
lobchik will have a stable in-
come. His handicap, which came
as a result of a bombing in Ger-
many, does not dampen h i s
eagerness to maintain his posi-
tion as breadwinner of his fam-
ily, which consists of his wife
and parents.
Today Haifa, Tel Aviv,
Ramat-Gan and Petach-Tikva
have handicapped immigrants
cheerfully ringing doorbells,
delivering parcels. Like Shmuel
Vollobchik, each one is a bread-
winner and the sole support of
his family. Like Shmuel each
one has gained self-respect
through his new occupation.
Right on the
)3each
Bank Takes Dim View
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JULY SPECIAL
'
JERUSALEM (J T A) — A
specimen of presumably Israeli
craftsmanship was received by
Bank of Israel officials this
week with more annoyance than
pride.
The item was a phony 100-
pruta piece, almost perfectly
made, inscribed "Hanukah
Gat." The coin had been passed
at Luna Park in Tel Aviv.
Bank authorities turned the
coin over to police and asked
them to find out whether it was
being minted locally.
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Accused Russian Doctor
Now Wins Lenin Medal
LONDON (JTA)—Prof. M. S.
Vovsi, one of the Jewish doc-
tors falsely accused of plotting
to kill top Soviet officials and
released after Stalin's death
when the "doctors' plot" was of-
ficially denounced as a fabri-
cation, has received the Order
of Lenin, one of the Soviet
Union's top decorations, the
Moscow radio announced. The
award was given Prof. Vovsi
on the occasion of his 60th
birthday.
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From $42" per
week
August 15 to Labor Day
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