Hammarskjold Address to AJ Committee
Calls for 'Peace Animated by Tolerance'
Leaders Inspect Chart Indicating
Progress of 1957 Allied Campaign
International Pe ac e, warned
"that those who see our policy
toward the Arab states solely
in terms of the commercial in-
terests of the American oil com-
panies oversimplify dangerously
and do a disservice" to the
United States.
At the same time, Johnson
charged that the U.S. has not
yet "defined clearly our policy
goals" in the Middle East. He
asserted that the U.S. cannot
refer the issue to the United
Nations "to void the respon-
sibility for formulating a na-
tional policy."
He spoke at a symposium on
"America and the Middle East,"
held as part of the Committee's
five-day 50th Anniversary ob-
servance at the Waldorf-Astoria.
Regarding American policy
toward Israel, Johnson urged
that it be developed in terms
of U.S. interests in promoting
peace and order in the Mid-
dle East. "Americans and
American policy - makers
should think of,. and act to-
ward, Israel as an independ-
ent country whose independ-
ence in a peaceful a n d
orderly Middle East is in our
national interest and should
be upheld under the Charter
of the United Nations," he
said.
At the same time, he stressed
that it "must be effectively
brought home to Arab leaders
and to the Arab populations
that the United States will not
allow the independence of Is-
rael to be snuffed out."
He pointed out that this posi-
tion is "not based upon a par-
ticular fondness for Israel, but
on our national interest, our re-
sponsibility to ourselves and our
A Digest of World Jewish Happenings, from obligation under the UN Char-
Dispatches of the Jewish Telegraphic Agency and ter."
At the same session, Philip C.
Other News Gathering Media.
Jessup, professor of Interna-
tional Law and Diplomacy at
United States
ALBANY—Governor Averell Harriman has designated May Columbia University and former
U.S. Representative to the UN,"
14 as Israel Independence Day, in a special proclamation.
urged the United States to join
CHICAGO—Ground was broken here for the new six-story
with India in seeking a settle-
$1,476,000 building to house the Jewish Federation and Combined ment of the Middle East crisis.
Jewish Appeal.
He said that the two coun-
LOS ANGELES—Cross-burnings and wide dissemination of tries should sponsor jointly a
anti-Jewish tracts in Sierra Madre have followed the local school resolution in the General As-
board's reaffirmation of its opposition to Christian sectarian ac- sembly which would set up
tivities in school programs. The controversy began when George three United Nations Commis-
Roane, father of three pupils in one of the two schools of this sions: 1. Frontier delimitation
Los Angeles suburb, wrote the school board to ask "less emphasis Commission; 2. Financial Com-
on the religion aspect" in school Christmas programs. The school mission of Refugees; 3. Techni-
board thereupon outlawed Nativity plays and New Testament cal Commission on River De-
Christmas readings in the two elementary schools.
velopment.
NEW YORK—Presenting him with an award, the American
Prof. Jessup proposed that the
Public Relations Association cited Mayor Robert Briscoe of UN -General Assembly adopt a
Dublin for his "outstanding international public relations comprehensive plan based on
achievements during his goodwill tour of the U.S."
the Commission reports and
CLEVELAND—A group of local Jewish scientists honored "call on all members-to support
the memory of Albert Abraham Michelson, famous physicist and the settlement and deny sup-
America's first Nobel Prize-winner, by establishing the Michel- port to any state which opposes
son Club.
it."
Throughout this process, Dr.
Europe
LONDON—Hungarian Jewish leaders are due here next week Jessup declared, the UN Forces
for the World Jewish Congress sessions. . . , Mrs. Wijsmuller- should patrol the Armistice
Meijer, prominent. Dutch non-Jewess of Amsterdam, who saved lines on both sides of the bor-
thousands of Jewish-children from being murdered by the Nazis, der. In case of a breach of the
was honored at a House of Commons luncheon. The Netherlands peace, he added, the Security
government awarded her the Order of Orange Nassau as one of Council should be asked for as-
the four courageous women in Holland during the Nazi occupa- sistance.
Mordecai R.. Kidron, Israel
tion and she also received honors from the French government.
BONN—Minister of Interior J. Schroeder told the Bundestag Minister Plenipotentiary; dis-
that legal proceedings will be instituted against the publisher of cussed Israel's role in the Mid-
an anti-Semitic pamphlet which has been mailed to members dle East. On the economic de-
velopment in the Middle East,
of the Bonn Cabinet. . .
John S. Badeau, president of
Israel
JERUSALEM—The Premier's Office will set up as "Academic the Near East Foundation, said
Labor Exchange" to facilitate placement and settlement of scien- that progress must be "focused
tists, scholars and educators among newly-arriving immigrants. on the problem of raising the
.. The Israel Parliament approved a budget that calls for ex- living standards of the masses
penditures of 930,000,000 pounds this year. . . . The Foreign Min- of common people."
Founders of Local Chapters
istry this week denied reports that there would be changes in
Honored at Oneg Shabbat
the Embassy in Washington, - either in Ambassador Abba Eban's
Judge Proskauer, honorary
post or in that of Israel Minister Plenipotentiary Reuven
president of the American Jew-
Shiloah. . . •. Scholars, theologians and researchers met here for ish Committee, paid tribute to
the fifth conference of the Israel Society for Biblical Research. the founders Committee Chap-
. . The Knesset recessed for Passover after adopting a 1957-58 ters. at an oneg shabbat lunch-
budget of 969,000,000 pounds. . •
eon sessions of the conference,
which was attended by over
Canada •
MONTREAL—It was revealed here that 300,000 copies of 1,000 delegates from 600 com-
an anti-Semitic pamphlet entitled "Salvation Island" have been munities.
Reviewing some of the ac-
circulated here by Special . Credit Seryice. . . . The National Pub-
complishments of the Ameri-
lic Relations Committee of the Canadian Jewish Congress and
can Jewish Committee in the
Bnai Brith has urged the Ontario - Labor Department to investi-
37 years priod to the estab-
gate the use of applications for teaching posts which require
lishment of the first Chapter,
information on race and religion, charging that this is "in viola-
Judge Proskauer declared
tion of both the spirit and the letter of the Fair Employment
that, "the growth of flourish-
Practices Act." . . Lester B. Pearson, Canada's Minister for
External Affairs, speaking at a JNF dinner in honor of Leon D. ing J e Wish communities
throughout the country neces-
Crestbhl, a member of the Canadian Parliament,- spoke in favor
sitated' the development of
of Israel's permitting the United Nations Emergency Force to be
strong roots in many cities in
deployed on Israel soil as a matter of principle.
NEW YORK, (JTA) — Em-
phasizing that "the work for
peace must be animated by
tolerance," United Nations Sec-
retary General Dag Hammar-
skjold urged member states of
the United Nations "to practice
tolerance" and help to solve
"the underlying problems now
making the Middle East such
a troubled area."
He voiced his plea at a din-
ner of, the American Jewish
Committee marking the open-
ing of a five-day observance of
the 50th anniversary of the or-
ganization. This was the first
time he spoke at a Jewish
gathering.
"I had last year the privilege
of visiting _a couple of kibbut-
zim in Israel," Hammarskjold
said, "and of talking to people
coming from many lands who
were devoting their lives to
these courageous experiments
in practical and total democ-
racy.
"I looked upon them as fellow
workers in an 'experiment in
progress.' Through such experi-
ments alone can progress be
achieved.
Hammarskjold stressed the
fact that "lasting peace is not
possible without recognition
of fundamental human rights"
and that "human rights can-
not reach their full develop-
ment unless there is peace."
He lauded the American Jew-
ish Committee for the "signi-
fiCant contribution" it has
made to the work of the
United Nations for the ad-
vancement and protection of
human righa.
Dealing with the experiences
in the, United Nations over the
past few months, Hammarskj old
stated: "We may differ amongst
ourselves as to the wisdom of
this or that particular stand
and we may have doubts about
the end result of this or that
step. But I thing we all can
agree on the value and histori-
cal importance of certain de-
velopments.
"First of all, it proved pos-
sible in an emergency to create
for the first time a truly inter-
national force. This force, al-
though modest in size and, for
constitutional reasons, also mod-
est in aim, broke new ground
which inevitably will -count in
future efforts to preserve peace
and promote justice."
He cited the fact that the
United Nations carried through
a major field operation like the
clearance of the Suez Canal.
Other speakers at the dinner
included Sen. Herbert H. Leh-
man; Irving - M. Engel, president
of the American Jewish Com-
mittee; Justice Joseph M. Pro-
skauer; Adm. Lewis L. Strauss,
chairman of the Atomic Energy
Commission; and Samuel D.
Leidesdorf, honorary vice-presi-
dent of the American Jewish
Committee.
Carnegie Executive Urges
Clearly Defined U.S. Policy
Joseph E. Johnson, president
of the Carnegie Endowment for
Around the World...
Max M. Fisher, chairman of the 1957 Allied Jewish Cam-
paign; Joseph Holtzman, United Jewish Appeal National chair-
man; and Charles H. Gershenson in charge of special cam-
paign assignments, inspect a chart showing progress being
made by the seven trade and professional divisions of the
campaign's Detroit Service Group. Tapes on the graph go only
half way across because the chart starts at 50 per cent of last
year's total in each division and goes to 150 per cent. All
divisions have passed the 50 per cent mark as the campaign
approaches two thirds of an expected total of $6,500,000. The
food division, whose chairman is Merwin K. Grosberg, and
the mechanical trades division under chairman Robert Tre-
peck, have passed the 100 per cent mark.
Discussing progress of the 1957 Allied Jewish Campaign at
a campaign report meeting also were, left to right, Edward
Fleischman, Gerald Sucher, Maurice J. Elkin, Sam D. Jacobs
and William M. Wetsman.
order that work of the na- gency Force must remain in the
tional agency might be im- Gaza Strip as • long ,as necessary
plemented by local con- to guarantee no raids or coun-
ter-raids, retaliation or counter-
stituencies."
At the opening of the Oneg retaliation are undertaken;
2. The UNEF must remain as
Shabbat session, Ely M. Aaron,
vice-chairman of the community long as needed -to protect free-
affairs committee, said that dom -of navigation in the Strait
"policies of the American Jew- of Tiran and Gulf of Aqaba;
3. Israel must be given equal-
ish Committee can be effective*
only when they become known ity of rights with all other na-
to our fellow Jews in the com- tions with regard to - freedom
munity and when community Of -navigation in the Suez Canal;
4. Region-al plans should be
thinking has played a basic
devised to improve economic
role in policy formulation."
The benediction for the •conditions within the nations of
oneg shabbat was pronounced the area and to encourage eco-
by Dr. RiChard C. Hertz, rabbi nomic cooperation among these
of Temple Beth El, Detroit. nations;
5. With-out awaiting general
Among those honored was Leo
settlement of all pending issues,
M. Butzel of Detroit.
At another session, it was -immediate efforts should be
learned that -anti-Jewish ad- made to encourage and imple-
mission policies in colleges and ment plans for humane solu-
universities may be revived by tions -of the Arab -refugee prob-
1960 because of a growing gap lem.
In another resolution, the
between • demands for college
education and the available Committee expressed "disap-
classroom openings, Dr. John pointment" that the U. S. Gov-
Slawson, executive vice-presi- ernment had -acquiesced to
Saudi Arabian demarids to ex-
dent of AJC, said.
clude American soldiers and
Slawson,
who
also
pre-
Dr.
workers of Jewish faith.
dicted that Israel will remain
The AJC called on our Gov-
a major concern of 95 percent
to "intervene with
of American Jews for a long ernm-e
time to come, said that "the Egypt to -put an immediate end
present outlook gives the Corn- to the persecution of -Jews."
Irving M. Engel, re-elected
mittee the opportunity . . . to
advance American interests, to a fourth term -as AJC presi-
help the Middle East and help dent, announced , that $675,000
has been raised by the National
Israel, simultaneously."
Analyzing some of the local Development Program for the
problems, Dr. Slawson ex- AJC Institute of Human Re•a-
pressed concern over attempts tions, to be housed in the pro-
to resurrect the Ku Kux Klan posed eight-story headquarters
and similar groups. He reported of the Committee. - Murray L
a great increase in the output Gurfein, of New York, was
of the anti-Semitic press since elected chairman of the execu-
tive board.
1947.
Sherman Adams, who was
At the same time, Dr. Slaw-
son reported that "10 years ago, principal speaker at the clos-
one in every five Americans ing banquet, underscored the
considered Jews a threat, but importance of eliminating big-
today only one in 100 feels that otry. The assistant to President
Eisenhower brought a message
way."
The Committee concluded its from the President praising the
.50th anniversary observance AJ Committee as a "chairipion
with the ad-option of a resolu of liberty."
Other speakers were Engel,
tion Urging the following five-
point approach to the Middle Israel Ambassador Abba S.
Eban and Jacob Blaustein,
East crisis:
1. An independent and ade- honorary preside-nt of the Com-
quate United Nations Emer- mittee.
-