MOP 1 1111411•11.11,
Massing of Egyptian Troops
Increases Dangers to Israel
Continued from Page One
Mr. Eden replied: "I think
LW., house knows that we have
been making efforts to try to
improve the situation there, and
there has in fact been a cer-
tain improvement over last
month which was acknowledged
by both sides when this unhappy
Gaza incident occurred. I am
afraid this incident will have
aroused passions again and will
set back the work we went to
do. I can see nothing which can
be achieved in that sphere now
except that it should be handled
by the United Nations Security
Council. I would hope that it so
doing the Security Council will
handle it on the broadest basis
dealing not only with immediate
issue but also with the wider is-
sue as well."
Mr. Eden was then asked by
John Grimond, Liberal Deputy,
if in his talks with Arab leaders
- he formed the opinion if there
were a period of comparative
peace on the frontier there
would be any chance for the set-
tlement of Arab refugees. Mr.
Eden replied he could not an-
swer that point helpfully at the
present moment.
Major Legge Bourke, a Con-
servative, asked Mr. Eden, "can
you say whether in view of the
fact that the United Kingdom,
together with France and the
United States guarantee the
frontiers of Israel and in view
of fact that the Mixed Armistice
Commission has condemned Is-
rael, you would consult with
guarantors to see whether some-
thing may be said by the three
guarantors to restrain Israel
from a repeat performance."
Mr. Eden • replied that the
!natter was now before the UN
Security Council and that the
British guarantees are not un-
ilateral.
Gen. Burns Due at Week-End
To Report to Security Council
UNITED NATIONS, N. Y.,
(JTA)—Major General E. L. M.
Burns, chief of staff of the
United Nations truce supervision
organization in Palestine, will
arrive here this week-end to re-
port in person to the Security
Council on the Gaza incident for
which the Israel-Egypt Mixed
Armistice Commission has offi-
cially blamed Israel.
Definite word of Gen. Burns'
plans was received here today.
The Security Council had left
the way open for Gen. Burns to
remain in Jerusalem if he found
it necessary. Gen. Burns is
chairman of the special com-
mittee to which Israel has ap-
pealed from the MAC decision
condemning it as the aggressor
in the Gaza affair and the com-
mission's failure to act on Is-
rael's complaint against Egypt.
(On Tuesday, an emergency
session of the Egyptian-Israel
Mixed Armistice Commission
censured Israel once and Egypt
twice for violations of the UN
armistice agreement. Condem-
nation of Egypt included the
murder of an Israeli civilian 24
miles within Israel's territory
indicating the frequent Arab in-
filtrations, to steal and commit
murder, deep within Israel's ter-
ritory).
Secretary General Dag Ham-
marskjold has requested Israel
and Egyptian authorities to take
steps to protect United Nations
personnel in troubled border
areas. The messages were sent
to Premier Moshe Sharett of Is-
rael and Foreign Minister Mali-
aloud Fawzi of Egypt.
(Reports reaching here from
Gaza said the families of United
Nations personnel in that area
had been evacuated in view of
con tinned demonstrations by
Arab refugees. The refugees
have been attacking UN person-
nel and stores, including food
stores destined for their own
use, since immediately following
the. Gaza incident last week.)
Israel Denies Jordan Charge
To UN of Raid Across Border
JERUSALEM, (JTA)—An Is-
rael military spokesman cate-
gorically • denied Jordanian
Maims that Israel units were in-
volved in any incident in which,
according to the Jordanian alle-
gation to the United Nations
Mixed Armistice . Commission,
five Bedouins were killed in the
Hebron area.
The Jordanians alleged that
the Bedouins were killed when
Israel units crossed the border
and attacked their encampment.
The Israel spokesman said that
the Army was investigating to
determine whether any Israel
civilians might be involved in
the Hebron incident.
!American Jewry Urges U. S. to Strive
For Direct Negotiation in Middle East
Continued from Page 1
uation, although he could not state whether the next year's
allocation will measure up to those of previous years.
The statement that met with disappointment and some
resentment was that of Mr. Jernegan which , was interpreted
by some as possessing inconsistencies. In the course of his
remarks Mr. Jernegan asserted that the existing tensions are
the cause for barring Israel from the defense organizations
of the Middle East. He stated:
"It would be unrealistic to pretend that the State of Israel
does not constitute something of a special factor and a special
problem in the development of Middle East defense. Let us
look frankly at the facts. They are very clear. On the one
hand, in the past year or so the government of Israel has made
plain its willingness and desire to align itself with the West and
to cooperate for the defense of the Middle East.
"Furthermore, Israel has military forces which could con-
tribute to a considerable degree to the defense of the area.
Looking at these two facts alone, it would seem highly logical
that Israel should be incorporated in a collective defense ar-
rangement at an early date. But there are other facts that must
be considered. Much as we deplore it, we must admit that the
relations between Israel and her neighbors are anything but
good. They vary from time to time from a state of quiescent
hostility to a condition almost of open warfare.
"So long as. such circumstances prevail, there are lacking
the necessary foundations for political cooperation between
Israel and those states with which her defense must be linked
in the long run. In the absence of political cooperation it is, of
course, out of the question to make plans involving military
cooperation between Israeli forces and those of her immediate
neighbors."
Israel Condemned
TEL AVIV, (JTA)—The Israel-
Egyptian Mixed Armistice Com-
mission condemned Israel for
the Israel-Egyptian battle along
the Gaza strip border last week.
The MAC also rejected an Is-
rael complaint about Egyptian
military intelligence activities
inside Israel coupled with mur-
derous attacks on Israel citizens.
Israel authorities declared that
they would appeal both MAC de-
cision to the Israel-Egyptian Ap-
peals Committee.
Turkish Leader Calls
Israel Fear of Pact Unfounded
WASHINGTON, (JTA)—Kasim
Gulek, secretary general of the
Republican People's Party of
Turkey, told the Mdidle East In-
stitute here that Israel's fears
over the Turkish-Iraqi pact are
unfounded. The Turkish political
leader said that Turkey is try-
ing to do good for both sides
and can be "a link and means
of a solution between them."
He added that Turkey has no
desire to injure either party to
the Arab-Israel dispute. Gulek
is the leader of the opposition
party in Turkey.
Assn. For UN Opposes
Arms to Middle East
WASHINGTON, (JTA) — The
American Association for the
United Nations adopted a reso-
lution this week calling further
U. S. arms shipments to the
Middle East before a peace set-
tlement "ill-advised, dangerous
and inimical to the attainment
of peace."
The resolution appealed to the
United States Government "to
use its authority and prestige to
renew and reinforce the call of
the United Nations to Israel and
the Arab states to resolve their
differences through direct ne-
gotiations and to transform the
existing armistice? agreements,
negotiated under the auspices of
the United Nations into perma-
nent peace treaties."
"We favor continued technical
and economic assistance to all
the peoples of the region in or-
der to raise living standards, to
stimulate economic develop-
ments and to strengthen demo-
cratic institutions," the resolu-
tion stated.
Arabs Form 'Information
Office' in New York
UNITED NATIONS, N. Y.
(JTA) — An Arab information
office will open in New York
soon, it was announced by Ka-
mil Abdul Rahim, head of the
Arab states office at the United
Nations. Mr. Rahim said the of-
fice will be supported by the
eight Arab League states.
But he proceeded to add the following which aroused
resentment: "Israel is in fact in less danger than some
others of those states (in the Near East). She is not
directly in the path of Soviet aggression . . . Relative to
others in the region, the Israeli military establishment is
highly developed, and it enjoys the advantage of holding
interior lines. What is even more important, I do not see
evidence of any intent on the part of her neighbors to at-
tack Israel."
Mr. Jernegan, in order to as-
sure the gathering that military
aid given by this country to
Arabs will not be used for ag-
gressive purposes, quoted Presi-
dent E i s e n h o w er's assertion
"that if our aid to any country,
including Pakistan, is misused
ar.d directed against another in
aggression I will undertake im-
mediately, in accordance with
my constitutional authority, ap-
propriate action both within and
without the United Nations to
thwart such aggression."
Mr. Jernegan's address, which
was followed by the unanimous
adoption of the Conference
Declaration in which was in-
corporated the five-point pro-
gram for the protection of Israel,
came after an elbquent address
by Israel's Ambassador Abba
Eban who, to a degree, refuted
the statement of the Assistant
Secretary of State.
Mr. Eban pointed out that "a
great network of guarantees and
arms agreements arises in the
Middle East; and one country
alone in the area is excluded
from the process of reinforce-
ment." He emphasized that "the
diplomatic vocabulary is rich in
terms of implying 'for all except
Israel,' and we cannot help but
be concerned."
Analyzing the numerous Egyp-
tian attacks on Israel which had
aggravated the Gaza incident,
Mr. Eban declared that the
Egyptian attitude is: "Egypt
shall behave toward Israel as
though there is a war. Egypt
seeks protection from the United
Nations but is not reciprocal. But
Israel must behave towards
Egypt as though there is peace."
Pointing to the several treaties
made by the Western Powers
with the Arabs, Mr. Eban, while
speaking with appreciation of
the deep friendship between Is-
rael and Turkey, told of the dan-
gers inherent in the latest Turco-
Iraqui agreement. He declared:
delivered the major address on
behalf of the participating
American Jewish organizations,
said that American Jewry is in
accord with basic American pol-
icy but differs with methods of
implementing it. He charged
that the arming of the Arabs to
Israel's detriment constitutes
"de facto withdrawal of recogni-
tion from Israel and denial of its
existence." He stated that such
a policy encourages Arab ex-
tremists. He declared in the
course of his lengthy review of
the situation:
"There is no disagreement be-
tween Israel's friends and the
Administration over the two
basic principles of American
Near East policy, these being, the
need for bringing the Near East
into the defensive orbit of the
Western world, and for gaining
the confidence of the Arab
world, twin purposes, neither of
which can be achieved without
the other.
THE TERCENTENARY STORY
of
"I do not believe for a mo-
ment that the Arab states, if
they are serious alibut joining a
Western defense arrangement,
would decide to stay out of it
just because Israel were invited
to join. Assuming that they made
Israel's exclusion a condition sine
qua non, would this not ,be clear
evidence of their eventual intent
towards Israel and could Amer-
ica concur in that intent?"
Philip Klutznick, president
of Bnai Brith, who presided at
the opening session, made it
clear that the conference was
meeting in the interests of
America. "What we want," he
declared, "no less than those
who are in official status, is
that the policy of our govern-
ment and its execution serve
the great moral purpose and
the best interests of our na-
tion . . .
This is our land and along
with all other Americans we
want to see it act justly and
wisely. We want to help de-
fend it not only against ag-
gressors who use the force of
arms, but also by safeguarding
and strengthening the ideals
upon which it has been estab-
lished."
Mr. Eshkol, in his review of
young state in industry, agri-
culture and other areas.. All this,
he said, was accomplished in
spite of the Arab boycott.
He said that Israel's progress
is due to income from the Allied
Jewish Campaign and bonds,
from the Bonn-Israel repara-
tions pact, private investments
and U.S. Government aid.
"All of these factors," he said,
"have led to a notable improve- -
ment in our foreign currency
position, and have greatly
strengthened the standing of the
State of Israel in the business
world. Israel has progressed
steadily towards an improved
balance of trade; has gathered
strength in the field of foreign
currency, has raised its figures
of production of goods and serv-
ices, and has largely succeeded
in stabilizing both its currency
and its price structure."
20—DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
Friday, March 11, 1955
27. Mass Immigration Begins
Temt by DA1.44EL ELAZAR
THE UNSPEAKABLY CRUEL RUSSIAN
TSARS BEGAN THEIR SERIES OF
GOVERN M ENENT- SPONSO RED ci(t.
POGROMS AFTER. 1870
THE EPIDEMIC OP VIOLENCE AND
BLOODSHED, FORCED THE JEWS
TO FLEE THE COUNTRY INA MASS
EXODUS —
-•• ■■ •••
their favor. The balance
strength between Israel and
the Arab states is diminishing.
"The noose of isolation is
tightening around Israel. Else-
where it has been Western pol-
icy to keep regional security
organizations open to all who
wished to join, but in the Near
East exceptionalisin has been
instituted which bolts the door
in Israel's face. These methods
of American policy have placed
Israel in greater jeopardy than
I care to spell out, but they
have also placed the very pur-
poses of American policy in
jeopardy, for they must lead
to its perversion by Arab ex-
tremists, to ends Washington
had never intended.
"My government's basic poli-
cy, which has not changed,
even amidst .current tensions,
is a policy of no-belligerency
on land and sea; tranquility on
the frontier; absention from
hostile threats; and a purpose-
ful attempt to make a transi-
tion towards permanent peace
as the Armistice Agreement
requires. Surely it is not too
much-to ask that these simple
ideas immediately become the
basis for an adjustment be-
tween two neighboring States
upon whom the stability of our
region largely depends."
Israel's economic progress, des-
Dr. Nahum Goldmann, who cribed the progress made by the
Copyright, 1954, by American Jewish Press
„6
"The Arab extremists have
been watching the effects of
these American methods in the
Near East with profound, al-
though suppressed gratifica.-
tion. The odds are piling up in
Ari c 4 a .0.7::
OP THE
7CO3 000
JEWS WHO
FLED
RUSSIA AND
POLAND
FROM
1884 -to 1903,
500,000
WENT To
THE U.S.
THOSE WHO
DIDN'T
HAYE
PASSAGE
MONEY TO
AMERICA,
TRIED TO
REACH
OTHER
EUROPEAN
OCUNTRI ES.
Mffustrotions by AURICE del BOURGO
ABOUT THIS TIME AMERICAN
JEWS FOUNDED SOCIETIES
TO EXTEND SORELY
NEEDED HELP TO THE
IMMIGRANTS .
■ ••••• ■ ••—
THE IMMIGRANTS HAD
MANY SKILLS TO °PPM-
ANP SOME OF THEM
SETTLED ON THE LAND
AND HAPPILY RESUME(?
rit.f...1140 THE SOIL.