An Ominous Picture

As the Editor
Views the News

Israel's Emigrants

It is not at all surprising that 7,647 per-
sons-7:117 Jews and 3:10 non-Jews—should
have left Israel during 1951. The numbers
of emigrants mounted month by month
until it reached its high level of 849 in De-
•ember. The reason given for their departure
is that they could not adjust to life there.
But another explanation is that for some
of the emigrants settlement in Israel was
a stepping stone to reaching America. This
places the finger on a major reason for de-
parture from Israel.
The chief reason, however, is to be found
in the countries of emigration: Canada, the
United States, France, Turkey, Australia,
New Zealand and Great Britain. With the
exception only of the latter, economic con-
ditions are better in all of the listed coun-
tries, and even in Great Britain there are
advantages not to be attained in Israel.
Pioneering is not easy—and Israel is a
pioneering country.: Only the young and the
very idealistic survive, in the main, the tests
of settlement in the Jewish state. It is
natural for some to become disappointed.
The true facts must be known to understand
the reasens-for emigration from miraculous
Israel. The surprising thing is that the num-
ber of emigrants is so small, measured by
the trials and tribulations involved in state-
building.

Histadrut's Work

Detroit Histadrut's 1952 campaign will
come to a close next Wednesday, at the
traditional rally at which the efforts of the
local workers and the achievements of the
federated labor groups in Israel will be
evaluated.

This community remains among the lead-
ers in every effort in behalf of Israel, and
Histadrut has retained a place of respect
and admiration here. Loyal workers and
liberal contributors have helped in providffig
the necessary funds for the upkeep of the
numerous effective agencies in the Jewish
'state which could not have prospered with-
out the deep interest of the labor groups.
Histadrut's interest has not been limited
to the labor element. It has received support
from all elements in our midst and the
young state has felt encouraged by what has
been done not only tifrough UJA but in
great measure through Histadrut. There
have been charges of bureaucratic domi-
nation by Histadrut. The airing of the truth
should lead to a correction of errors. In the
meantime, regardless of partisan differences,
Histadrut's accomplishments are so vast it
continues to draw support from many quar-
ters. Its leaders are to be commended for
their efforts which inspire loyalty and added
devotion in behalf of the vaster funds for
Israel incorporated in the Allied Jewish
Campaign.

. THE JEWISH. NEWS

Incorporating the Detroit Jewish Chronicle
commencing with issue of July 20, 1951

Member: American Association of English-Jewish News-
papers. Michigan Press Association.
Published every Friday by The Jewish News Publishing
"Co. 708-10 David Stott Bldg., Detroit 26, Mich., WO. 5-1155.
Subscription S4 a year; foreign E5.
Entered as second class matter Aug. 6, 1942 at Post Office,
Detroit. Mich.. under Act of March 3, 1879.

PHILIP SLOMOVITZ, Editor
SIDNEY SHMARAK, Advertising Manager
FRANK SIMONS, City Editor

Vol. XXI—No. 2
Page 4
March 21, 1952
---
This Sabbath, the twenty-fifth day of Adar,
5712, the following Scriptural selectics will be
read in our synagogues:
Pentateuchal portion—Ex. 35:1-40:38; 12:1-20.
Prophetical portion—Ezek. 45:16-46:18.
Rosh Hodesh Nisan Scriptural selection,
Thursday: Num. 28:1-15.

Licht Benshen, Friday, March 31, •:35

Wo rso
• w Ghetto Heroes

'Underground' Includes
History of Polish Jewry

Young Israel: 40

Young Israel, the dynamic movement of
religious Jewish youth, remains 'young, al-
. though it is observing its 40th anniversary
this month.
Through its youth groups, its impressive
religious services and cultural efforts, this
movement, now numbering 70 branches, is
making important contributions to Jewish
life: in this country.
Young Israel is one of themost effective
youth movements in American Jewry. It is
blessed with inspired leadership. We greet
these young people, their adult guides, their
branches thrOughout the country and in De-
troit, on an anniversary on which they can
celebrate accomplishments of which they
can be proud.

\ The

On the eve of the ninth anniversary of the
uprising of the Warsaw Ghetto, which was
marked by great heroism displayed by the em-
battled underground whose impoverished and
hungry fighters defied the Nazis, Dr. Joseph
Tenenbaum tells "the story of a people" in a,
significant book. Published under the title
"Underground" by Philosophical Library (15 E.
40th St., NY16), this book reviews the facts about•
the uprising, reveals the
horrors that were perpetu-
ated against Jews in con-
centration camps and
graphically describes the
ghetto battle.
The opening chapters,
describing the background
of Polish Jewry, its strug-
gles for existence, its fight
for just rights under Poles
and Russians, is in itself a
splendid contribution to
historical analyses. Read-
ers may take exception co
Dr. Tenenbaum's glorifica-
tion of Pilsudski, but in the
main he treats the story
Dr. Tenenbaum
of Polish Jewry objectively.
Then there is the record of the uprising in
the ghetto. It is an impressive record. It is
revealing in all its details, listing dates, streets
where the fighting took place, names of leaders,
etc. It is a story that is based on data the au-
thor gathered from participants in the struggle
who survived the fight, from actual records that
Rumors emanating from Cairo and London that there were compiled, from -survivors who are fully ac-
is a serious move for peace between Israel and the Arab quainted with the greatest single episode of
resistance against terrorism by Jews,
states offer new hope for a solution of a grave problem
- -. There not only was a ghetto resistance. When
which may also lead to greater peace hopes throughout the it had
appeared that the underground was
world. It is true that Israel is compelled to face the issue beaten, the remaining Jews continued to fight
involving her neighbors in the spirit of an old Hebrew saying fromthe rubble. "The Rubble Fighters" adds
to the known facts that stagger the imag-
"Respect and Suspect" ,--"Kabdehu v'Hashdehu"— but this data
ination.

Israel's Spirit, Science, Pioneering

is a natural reaction, in the face of the threats that con-
stantly are leveled at the young, struggling state by hostile
neighbors.
The major difficulty that arose in the Middle Eastern
struggle involved the unfortunate insistence of the Arabs
in ignoring the very existence of Israel. That is gradually
being worn off and there are growing signs of more level-
headed consideration of realities by Israel's antagonists.
*
*
S
Internally, Isrgel's leaders are indicating that they
recognize the basic issues and that they face their problems
realistically. Israel must function on foundations rooted in
high ethical principles. The young state must embrace the
spiritual teachings of the Prophets and it must lean upon
scientific instruments in behalf of a heterogeneous popula-
tion that must be moulded into homogeneity.
Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion, Israel's able leader
who has . guided the young state courageously through a
number of crises and who is endlessly faced with mounting
problems, understands his country's needs. He indicated high
idealism in an address he delivered recently, on the oc-
casion of his acceptance of the Bialik Award, when he stated:
"We must remember that the economic, political and

military struggle of the State of Israel during the period of the
State's formation will not prove of avail by itself if we do not
fortify ourselves in the realm of the spirit. The young army of
Israel did not vanquish its enemies by superiority in numbers
Or in arms. Its main weapon was its spirit.

-

"Our main purpose today is the conquest of science. Our
work is extraordinarily difficult but we shall not overcome
these obstacles unless we succeed in mobilizing all the re-
sources of science. We must adapt our 'peculiar • inteltectual
capacity to the needs of new scientific advances which will
help us in our unique position being a small people sur-
rounded by enemies. Science can
can help us to increase our pro-
ductive capacity and so enable us to build and defend our-.
selves. However, we can never remain content with science
alone. Science is merely an instrument which can be used for
murder and destruction., just as it can be used to promote
human welfare and prosperity. It is only when science is
directed by. the ethics - of the Prophets that it can serve a con-
structive purpose. if it is not accompanied by these ethical
values science can become' dangerous. But these ethical prin-
ciples themselves are of little value unless if, in turn, they are
accompanied by a pioneering will and determination on the part
of each individual Jew to live his life in accordance with them."

Many questions are answered in this statement. Israel,
as viewed by her leaders, reaffirms dedication to ethical
principles. Israel needs scientific instruments and her ad-
ministrators know that "science can become dangerous"
without spiritual values. Israel needs and is striving for
proper14.-guided ,pioneering. There are political differences
of opinion regarding some of the approaches to the chal-
lenges that face the Jewish state, but as long as the sound
judgment of Ben-Gurion — as incorporated in the quoted
statement—is enforced. the state is qn sound ground. Many
doubts are dispelled by the new regulations about to be
enforced in Israel — the Civil Service laws, the currency
controls, the acts of equality aimed to embrace the entire
population. irrespective of sex or party or origin of the
new settlers. American Jews can take courage that their
gifts to Israel, through UJA and the bonds, are rendering
great good. Israel's ideals and accomplishments continually
encourage us to carry on the great work and of letting the
Israelis know that we applaud their creative efforts and

their dedication to the highest Jewish values.

Dr. Tenenbaum does not end his story there.
He devotes a large portion of his factual work
of research to relating the details about events
and atrocities in extermination camps. He tells
about the ovens of Birkenau, the slaughters in
many camps, the revolts in many towns.
The stories of Lodz. Czestochowa, Lublin and
Bialystok will throw light on communities
whose existence must not be forgotten, because
of the contributions their citizens had made, be-
pause of the creative powers inherent in them
before their destruction.
Seldom has the story of the partisans been
told with so many illuminating details. "Under-
ground" is a detailed work about a struggle for
resistance. It is a protest against terrorism and
brutality. It is timely on the eve of the cele-
bration of the uprising of the Warsaw ghetto in
Detroit on April 6 and throughout the world,
wherever there are Jews, in the weeks to come.

Hal Lehrman's Realistic
View of Israel's Problems

"Israel: The Beginning and Tomorrow" by
Hal Lehrman, published by William Sloane As-
sociates (119 W. 57th, N.Y. 19), will be found
especally valuable by prospective investors in
Israel who have been dissuaded from large oper-
ations by charges that Histadrut controls the
situation and is out to stop private initiative in
the new state. Mr. Lehrman analyzes the issues
from all angles, shows a tendency in the govern-
ment to make concessions to private investors
and advocates sober controls. He makes this
interesting suggestion:
"Suppose Israel were to admit frankly that
all its efforts to attract investment had fallen
short. Suppose somebody new—someone with
international reputation, liberal background, de-
votion to Israel, and, high personal achievement
in private enterprise—were to be given a compe-
tent staff (partially imported) and wide powers
to make Israel attractive for investors. the effect
might be sensational—and the results could be
most happy for Israel's solvency."
But—would Israelis like such an invasion of
outside brains for private investments?
Much that Mr. Lehrman describes will meet
with resentment. He already has been called
biased. But realistic students of Israel will admit
that actually, Lehrman approaches his problems
realistically—and realism is bitter. It is possible
to differ with him, but he cannot be accused of
deliberate misrepresentation. Histadrut may not
like his discription of Vitamin P (protektzia).
The Orthodox no doubt dislike his reference to
"policemen in yarmulkas." But all must admit
that he is a good observer.
Describing the Oriental newcomers to Israel,
Mr. Lehrman says that "for them Israel was
the land of the Bible, not of Theodor Herzl."
Who will dispute that? In his description of the
educational system, he shows that "sometimes
the instruction 'went beyond the margin of the
Oriental Jews' capacity for assimilation."
Arab and American relations, prospects See
peace, the various types of settlers and settle-
ments—these are among the many aspects et
the Israel issue reviewed by. Hal Lehrman. 13$
"Israel" is an interesting book well worth reading

and studying.