An Ominous Picture As the Editor Views the News Israel's Emigrants It is not at all surprising that 7,647 per- sons-7:117 Jews and 3:10 non-Jews—should have left Israel during 1951. The numbers of emigrants mounted month by month until it reached its high level of 849 in De- •ember. The reason given for their departure is that they could not adjust to life there. But another explanation is that for some of the emigrants settlement in Israel was a stepping stone to reaching America. This places the finger on a major reason for de- parture from Israel. The chief reason, however, is to be found in the countries of emigration: Canada, the United States, France, Turkey, Australia, New Zealand and Great Britain. With the exception only of the latter, economic con- ditions are better in all of the listed coun- tries, and even in Great Britain there are advantages not to be attained in Israel. Pioneering is not easy—and Israel is a pioneering country.: Only the young and the very idealistic survive, in the main, the tests of settlement in the Jewish state. It is natural for some to become disappointed. The true facts must be known to understand the reasens-for emigration from miraculous Israel. The surprising thing is that the num- ber of emigrants is so small, measured by the trials and tribulations involved in state- building. Histadrut's Work Detroit Histadrut's 1952 campaign will come to a close next Wednesday, at the traditional rally at which the efforts of the local workers and the achievements of the federated labor groups in Israel will be evaluated. This community remains among the lead- ers in every effort in behalf of Israel, and Histadrut has retained a place of respect and admiration here. Loyal workers and liberal contributors have helped in providffig the necessary funds for the upkeep of the numerous effective agencies in the Jewish 'state which could not have prospered with- out the deep interest of the labor groups. Histadrut's interest has not been limited to the labor element. It has received support from all elements in our midst and the young state has felt encouraged by what has been done not only tifrough UJA but in great measure through Histadrut. There have been charges of bureaucratic domi- nation by Histadrut. The airing of the truth should lead to a correction of errors. In the meantime, regardless of partisan differences, Histadrut's accomplishments are so vast it continues to draw support from many quar- ters. Its leaders are to be commended for their efforts which inspire loyalty and added devotion in behalf of the vaster funds for Israel incorporated in the Allied Jewish Campaign. . THE JEWISH. NEWS Incorporating the Detroit Jewish Chronicle commencing with issue of July 20, 1951 Member: American Association of English-Jewish News- papers. Michigan Press Association. Published every Friday by The Jewish News Publishing "Co. 708-10 David Stott Bldg., Detroit 26, Mich., WO. 5-1155. Subscription S4 a year; foreign E5. Entered as second class matter Aug. 6, 1942 at Post Office, Detroit. Mich.. under Act of March 3, 1879. PHILIP SLOMOVITZ, Editor SIDNEY SHMARAK, Advertising Manager FRANK SIMONS, City Editor Vol. XXI—No. 2 Page 4 March 21, 1952 --- This Sabbath, the twenty-fifth day of Adar, 5712, the following Scriptural selectics will be read in our synagogues: Pentateuchal portion—Ex. 35:1-40:38; 12:1-20. Prophetical portion—Ezek. 45:16-46:18. Rosh Hodesh Nisan Scriptural selection, Thursday: Num. 28:1-15. Licht Benshen, Friday, March 31, •:35 Wo rso • w Ghetto Heroes 'Underground' Includes History of Polish Jewry Young Israel: 40 Young Israel, the dynamic movement of religious Jewish youth, remains 'young, al- . though it is observing its 40th anniversary this month. Through its youth groups, its impressive religious services and cultural efforts, this movement, now numbering 70 branches, is making important contributions to Jewish life: in this country. Young Israel is one of themost effective youth movements in American Jewry. It is blessed with inspired leadership. We greet these young people, their adult guides, their branches thrOughout the country and in De- troit, on an anniversary on which they can celebrate accomplishments of which they can be proud. \ The On the eve of the ninth anniversary of the uprising of the Warsaw Ghetto, which was marked by great heroism displayed by the em- battled underground whose impoverished and hungry fighters defied the Nazis, Dr. Joseph Tenenbaum tells "the story of a people" in a, significant book. Published under the title "Underground" by Philosophical Library (15 E. 40th St., NY16), this book reviews the facts about• the uprising, reveals the horrors that were perpetu- ated against Jews in con- centration camps and graphically describes the ghetto battle. The opening chapters, describing the background of Polish Jewry, its strug- gles for existence, its fight for just rights under Poles and Russians, is in itself a splendid contribution to historical analyses. Read- ers may take exception co Dr. Tenenbaum's glorifica- tion of Pilsudski, but in the main he treats the story Dr. Tenenbaum of Polish Jewry objectively. Then there is the record of the uprising in the ghetto. It is an impressive record. It is revealing in all its details, listing dates, streets where the fighting took place, names of leaders, etc. It is a story that is based on data the au- thor gathered from participants in the struggle who survived the fight, from actual records that Rumors emanating from Cairo and London that there were compiled, from -survivors who are fully ac- is a serious move for peace between Israel and the Arab quainted with the greatest single episode of resistance against terrorism by Jews, states offer new hope for a solution of a grave problem - -. There not only was a ghetto resistance. When which may also lead to greater peace hopes throughout the it had appeared that the underground was world. It is true that Israel is compelled to face the issue beaten, the remaining Jews continued to fight involving her neighbors in the spirit of an old Hebrew saying fromthe rubble. "The Rubble Fighters" adds to the known facts that stagger the imag- "Respect and Suspect" ,--"Kabdehu v'Hashdehu"— but this data ination. Israel's Spirit, Science, Pioneering is a natural reaction, in the face of the threats that con- stantly are leveled at the young, struggling state by hostile neighbors. The major difficulty that arose in the Middle Eastern struggle involved the unfortunate insistence of the Arabs in ignoring the very existence of Israel. That is gradually being worn off and there are growing signs of more level- headed consideration of realities by Israel's antagonists. * * S Internally, Isrgel's leaders are indicating that they recognize the basic issues and that they face their problems realistically. Israel must function on foundations rooted in high ethical principles. The young state must embrace the spiritual teachings of the Prophets and it must lean upon scientific instruments in behalf of a heterogeneous popula- tion that must be moulded into homogeneity. Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion, Israel's able leader who has . guided the young state courageously through a number of crises and who is endlessly faced with mounting problems, understands his country's needs. He indicated high idealism in an address he delivered recently, on the oc- casion of his acceptance of the Bialik Award, when he stated: "We must remember that the economic, political and military struggle of the State of Israel during the period of the State's formation will not prove of avail by itself if we do not fortify ourselves in the realm of the spirit. The young army of Israel did not vanquish its enemies by superiority in numbers Or in arms. Its main weapon was its spirit. - "Our main purpose today is the conquest of science. Our work is extraordinarily difficult but we shall not overcome these obstacles unless we succeed in mobilizing all the re- sources of science. We must adapt our 'peculiar • inteltectual capacity to the needs of new scientific advances which will help us in our unique position being a small people sur- rounded by enemies. Science can can help us to increase our pro- ductive capacity and so enable us to build and defend our-. selves. However, we can never remain content with science alone. Science is merely an instrument which can be used for murder and destruction., just as it can be used to promote human welfare and prosperity. It is only when science is directed by. the ethics - of the Prophets that it can serve a con- structive purpose. if it is not accompanied by these ethical values science can become' dangerous. But these ethical prin- ciples themselves are of little value unless if, in turn, they are accompanied by a pioneering will and determination on the part of each individual Jew to live his life in accordance with them." Many questions are answered in this statement. Israel, as viewed by her leaders, reaffirms dedication to ethical principles. Israel needs scientific instruments and her ad- ministrators know that "science can become dangerous" without spiritual values. Israel needs and is striving for proper14.-guided ,pioneering. There are political differences of opinion regarding some of the approaches to the chal- lenges that face the Jewish state, but as long as the sound judgment of Ben-Gurion — as incorporated in the quoted statement—is enforced. the state is qn sound ground. Many doubts are dispelled by the new regulations about to be enforced in Israel — the Civil Service laws, the currency controls, the acts of equality aimed to embrace the entire population. irrespective of sex or party or origin of the new settlers. American Jews can take courage that their gifts to Israel, through UJA and the bonds, are rendering great good. Israel's ideals and accomplishments continually encourage us to carry on the great work and of letting the Israelis know that we applaud their creative efforts and their dedication to the highest Jewish values. Dr. Tenenbaum does not end his story there. He devotes a large portion of his factual work of research to relating the details about events and atrocities in extermination camps. He tells about the ovens of Birkenau, the slaughters in many camps, the revolts in many towns. The stories of Lodz. Czestochowa, Lublin and Bialystok will throw light on communities whose existence must not be forgotten, because of the contributions their citizens had made, be- pause of the creative powers inherent in them before their destruction. Seldom has the story of the partisans been told with so many illuminating details. "Under- ground" is a detailed work about a struggle for resistance. It is a protest against terrorism and brutality. It is timely on the eve of the cele- bration of the uprising of the Warsaw ghetto in Detroit on April 6 and throughout the world, wherever there are Jews, in the weeks to come. Hal Lehrman's Realistic View of Israel's Problems "Israel: The Beginning and Tomorrow" by Hal Lehrman, published by William Sloane As- sociates (119 W. 57th, N.Y. 19), will be found especally valuable by prospective investors in Israel who have been dissuaded from large oper- ations by charges that Histadrut controls the situation and is out to stop private initiative in the new state. Mr. Lehrman analyzes the issues from all angles, shows a tendency in the govern- ment to make concessions to private investors and advocates sober controls. He makes this interesting suggestion: "Suppose Israel were to admit frankly that all its efforts to attract investment had fallen short. Suppose somebody new—someone with international reputation, liberal background, de- votion to Israel, and, high personal achievement in private enterprise—were to be given a compe- tent staff (partially imported) and wide powers to make Israel attractive for investors. the effect might be sensational—and the results could be most happy for Israel's solvency." But—would Israelis like such an invasion of outside brains for private investments? Much that Mr. Lehrman describes will meet with resentment. He already has been called biased. But realistic students of Israel will admit that actually, Lehrman approaches his problems realistically—and realism is bitter. It is possible to differ with him, but he cannot be accused of deliberate misrepresentation. Histadrut may not like his discription of Vitamin P (protektzia). The Orthodox no doubt dislike his reference to "policemen in yarmulkas." But all must admit that he is a good observer. Describing the Oriental newcomers to Israel, Mr. Lehrman says that "for them Israel was the land of the Bible, not of Theodor Herzl." Who will dispute that? In his description of the educational system, he shows that "sometimes the instruction 'went beyond the margin of the Oriental Jews' capacity for assimilation." Arab and American relations, prospects See peace, the various types of settlers and settle- ments—these are among the many aspects et the Israel issue reviewed by. Hal Lehrman. 13$ "Israel" is an interesting book well worth reading and studying.