EWISH NEWS

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VOL I4—No. 13

2114 Penobscot . Bldg.—Phone WO. 5-1155

of Jewish Events

Detroit 26, Michigan, December 10, 1948

Pe ce T es R

Bennett Cerf's

Humor Column:

'Try and Stop Me'

—on Page 20

34 4:00, 22 $3.00 Per Year; Single Copy, 10o

t in kr el; Deld

Appeal to Reason and Justice

How U. S. Backed Israel in the UN

Excerpts from Speech of Dr. Philip C. Jessup, United States Del-
egate on UN Security Council, urging immediate admission of
Israel as the fifty - ninth m ember of the United Nations

It is well known that the United States fully supports and will vote affirmatively on the
application of the State of Israel for membership in the United Nations. It is our hope that
the Security Council will shortly approve this application so that the State of Israel can attain
favorable action by the General AsS'embly and may be admitted as the fifty-ninth member of
the United Nations before the end of the Assembly's present session.
The Charter of the United Nations in Article 4 specifies that membership in the United
Nations is open to "peace-loving states which accept the obligations contained in the present
Charter and, in the judgment of the organization, are able and willing to carry out these' obliga-
tions."
My Government considers that the State of Israel meets these Charter requirements.
The first question is whether Israel is a "State" as that term is used in Article 4 of the
Charter. Under the traditional definition of a state in international law all of the great writers
have pointed to four qualifications:
First: There must be a people.
Second: There must be a territory.
Third: There must be a government.
Fourth: There must be capacity to enter into relations with other states of the world.
So far as the question of capacity to enter into relations with other states of the
world is concerned, I believe that there would be unanimity that Israel exercises complete in-
dependence of judgment and of will in forming and in executing its foreign policy.
No one doubts that Israel has a government. I think the world has been particularly
impressed with the way in which the people of Israel have organized their government and
have established a firm system of administration and of lawmaking under the most difficult con-
ditions. Although they still modestly and appropriately call themselves the "Provisional Gov-
ernment of Israel," they have a legislative body which makes laws; they have a judiciary which
interprets and applies those laws; and they have an executive which carries out the laws and
which has at its disposal a considerable force which is responsible to its will.
•
Nobody questions' the fact that the State of Israel has a people. It.,,Is_ an extremely
homogeneous people; a peoplefull of loyalty and of enthusiastic devotion to the State of Israel.
The argument seems chiefly to arise in connection with territory. One does not find
in the general classic treatment of this subject any insistence that the territory of a state must
be exactly fixed by definite frontiers. Historically many states have begun their existence with
their frontiers unsettled.
Let me take as --one example my own country—the United States of America.
Like the State of Israel, it had its origin in certain territory along the seacoast. It had
various indeterminate claims to an extended territory westward, but in the case of the United
States, that land had not even been explored and no one knew just where the American claims
ended and where French and British and Spanish claims began.
To the north, the exact delimitation of the frontier with the territories of Great Britain
was not settled until many years later. And yet I maintain, Mr. President, that in the light of
history and in the light of a practice and acceptance by other states, the existence of the United
States of America was not in question.
The reason for the rule that one of the necessary attributes of a state is that it shall
possess territory, is that one can 'not contemplate a state as a kind of disembodied spirit.
Historically, the concept is that there must be some portion of the earth's surface
which its people inhabit and over which its government exercises authority. No one can deny
that the State of Israel responds to this requirement.
Similarly, Mr. President, it is the view of my Government that Israel is a peace-loving
nation.
The Jewish community in Palestine which created the State of Israel expressed its wil-
lingness and readiness a year ago to accept the General Assembly partition resolution of No-
vember 29, 1947, and to cooperate loyally in carrying it out.
The Provisional Government of Israel has extended its cooperation in the implementation
of proposals made by the Security Council or by the Mediator.
Since that date, representatives of the Provisional Government of Israel have repeatedly
made clear in this forum, and elsewhere, their willingness to seek a settlement, through the
processes of negotiation and with appropriate assistance of United Nations mediatory or con-
cilliatory bodies, of all outstanding problems between Israel and other governments and
authorities.
As to the third of the Charter requirements, the State of Israel in the terms of its appli-
cation for membership has indicated its acceptance of the obligations contained in the Charter.
There is no reason for the Security Council to question the solemn assurance of Israel that it
does accept the obligations of the Charter.
It is clear to me that, judged by whatever standards of political and social organization.
the State of Israel is able to carry out the obligations of the Charter of the United Nations and
to assist the United Nations in achieving the high purposes set forth in the Charter.
There is one other point to which I should like to refer since it is a matter which
arises in consideration and in debate on questions involving applications for membership.
The matter to which I refer is the relationship between action by the Security Council or by
the United Nations upon application for membership and the problem of recognition of a
Government or state.
We are dealing here with a desire of a people who have laboriously constructed a com-
munity, an authority and finally a Government operating in an independent state to see the
state which they have thus arduously built take its place among the members of the United
Nations.
The United States has watched with sympathy and interest the birth of the State of Israel
and- the developments of its 'political and social institutions. We are looking toward the first
general elections to be held by the State of Israel early in the New Year. We shall await
with anticipation the . full development of the State of Israel, of political institutions and prac-
tices in the best of the democratic tradition.
Surely, Mr. President, it is of great importance, it is of great value, that in reaching
that final adjustment, a peaceful settlement of the Palestinian question, that Israel should take
its place among the members of the United Nations, equally bound by the Charter, equally
responsible to the obligations of the Charter.

(Direct Teletype Wires to The Jewish News by JTA.
and by Our Special Correspondents)

Peace in Israel appeared a certainty this week as a
result of direct Arab-Jewish negotiations. But in Paris, the
Security Council's membership committee on Tuesday voted,
on Canada's suggestion, to refer Israel's application back
again to the Council. Canada argued that the fate of the
General Assembly decision is uncertain and, together with
France, was reluctant to vote. Russia charged that the delay
is aimed to block action on the application. The United
States delegation supported Canada. Israel's delegation con-
tinues to believe that despite the delay there remains a
possibility of Israel's admission to the UN at this session.
In Jerusalem, Col. Moshe Dayan and Lt. Col. Abdullah
El Tel, commanders of the Israel and Arab Legion forces in
the Jerusalem area, met for the fourth time Tuesday to
discuss cease fire problems, under the sponsorship of the
UN truce observers.
Discussions centered around three main problems: 1:
Arabs be allowed to return to Katamon Quarter, Israeli
authorities to guarantee their lives and property, in return
for which Jews will be permitted to return to the Jewish
Quarter of the Old City with similar guarantees from the
Arab Legion; 2. Jews shall supply electric power to Old City
in return for access to the Wailing Wall; 3. Negotiations
shall be started Immediately to open the Jerusalem-Tel Aviv
railroad, with Is..aeli forces lifting the siege of Latrun for
this purpose.
Dayan refused to discuss the last point, insisting that
his jurisdiction did not extend to Latrun, but offered to
arrange a meeting between El Tel and proper Israeli corn-

(Continued on Page 3)

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Tribute 4o Mrs. Wise:

These are the

children who recently disembarked from the Israeli ship "Negba" at
Haifa. They will be housed at a youth hostel hi Israel to be estab-

lished as an American Jewish Congress memorial to Louise Waterman

Wise, the wife of Dr. Stephen S.

Wise, president of •the Congress

and one 'of American Jewry's outstanding leaders.

Women Aid. Hebrew 115:

' me training

of teachers and the improvement of teaching methods in the State
of Israel was undertaken by the National Council of Jewish Women
through an agreement which provides for the support and expansion
of the Department of Education at the Hebrew University in Jeru-
salem. Under The terms of agreement with the Hebrew University,
announced by MRS. JOSEPH M. WELT (center) of Defroit. NCJW
president, the organization assumed sponsorship of •the department,
the central non-partisan institution in Palestine •For the development
of teachers and teaching techniques. Present at the announcement
of the agreement in New York were DR. ALEXANDER DUSHKFN
(left), executive vice-president of the Jewish Education Committee
of New York, and DR. DAVID W. SENATOR (right), administrator

of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem,.