Friday, ileamber 24, 1943

THE JEWISH NEWS

State Dept, Official Reveals
U. S. Attitude on Palestine

Weekly Review of the News of the World

(Compiled From Cables of Independent Jewish Press Service)

PALESTINE

Assistant Secretary of State Long Testifies to 'Government's
Feelings Towards Jewish Homeland, Tells of Attempts
To Rescue Thousands from Nazi Territory

WASHINGTON—(JTA)--The attitude of the U. S. Gov-
ernment toward the Palestine problem was defined by Assist-
ant Secretary of State Breckenridge Long during his testi-
mony before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs on
the question of the rescue of Jewish and other peoples in
Nazi-occupied territory, it was learned here when further
portions of his testimony were made public.

"The American government," Mr. Long said, "is not entirely
obtuse about Palestine, or is not disinterested in the situation that
is developing there. We have been interested and we will continue
to be interested from the point of view of large aspects of world
security and of world peace, as well as the rights of humans and
humanitarian sympathies and the religious sentiments involved."
Long revealed that at one time the U. S. tried to get Jews out
of Rumania to Palestine by railroad instead of by boat. "The
Turkish government," Long disclosed, "took the position that these
people could pass in transit through that small part of Turkey
which lies between the Straits and Bulgaria, but finally the German
goevrnment heard about it and prevented it."

State Department Will Support J. D. C. Efforts

,

Mr. Long also emphasized that the government will support
the Joint Distribution Committee in its efforts to send food from
Turkey, through the International Red Cross, to Jews in Transnistria.
The government, he revealed, is continuing its efforts through a
neutral government to get 20,000 Jewish children out of Germany
and German-held territory. This neutral aovernment, however, has
not as yet received a reply from Berlin, Mr. Long said, but the prb-
posal still stands.
He told of a plan now being supported by the U. S. "for remov-
ing children temporarily from Axis-held territory to neutral coun-
tries in varying numbers up to a maximum of 100,000 for rehabili-
tation in countries where they could get food and where we could
put the food where the children could be nourished and brought
back to something like a normal state of .physical well being."

Interned Rabbis Cannot Travel on Exchange Ship

The assistant secretary reported that he was visited recently
by a group of rabbis who were interested in the faculty and student
body of one of the rabbinical colleges which started at the outbreak
of the war from northern Poland and is today interned in Shanghai.
"There are 464 persons in this group," he said. "The American
rabbis want to bring them over here. They wanted to bring them
on an exchange ship. I.did not think we were justified in leaving
Americans over there and bringing other persons out of there."

Breckinbridge Long Condemned, His Figures Disputed
Congressman Emanuel Celler of New York on Monday charged
that Assistant Secretary of State Breckinbridge Long had outlived
his usefulness and suggested that he resign.
•
Rep. Celler charged that Long was indifferent to the refugee
problem and that he is unfit "to continue in the driver's seat."
I. F. Stone, noted Washington correspondent, writing for PM,
points out that only 163,423 Jewish refugees were admitted to this
country since the advent of Nazism, and quotes figures to show
that Mr. Long's estimates are wrong.

OVERSEAS

Men in the Armed Services are among
the students of a correspondence course
in Talmud, it was revealed in an article
by the Rev. J. Halpern in the London
Jewish Chronicle. The course is about to
take up the Laws of Shechata following
which it will consider four chapters from
Maimonides on charity.
Only 7,000 out of a prewar Jewish pop-
ulation of 180,000 are still alive in Lem-
berg, according to the Afton Byoningen,
a newspaper published in Stockholm.
Sir Oswald Mosley, leader of the Union
of British Fascists, whose release from
prison has aroused wide-spread protests,

will not be brought to trial because in all
his activities he was careful not to overstep
his constitutional rights, it was declared
by Herbert Morrison, British Home Sec-
retary and the official responsible for Mos-
ley's releaSe.
It is of "utmost importance" that the
sufferings of the Jews "be kept in full
view" of all people so that the spirit of
indignation and compassion in them will
not die out, the Archbishop of Canterbury,
the Most Rev. William Temple, declared
in a speech in London.
Trains rolling in from Western Europe
to the Warsaw terminals and thence mov-
ing on to the extermination center at Tre-
blinka daily bring transports of Jews from
France and Holland marked for death by
the Nazis. This was revealed in London
by Dr. Ignacz Schwarzbard, member of the
National Council of the Polish Govern-
ment-in-Exile, who quoted from authenti-
cated reports submitted by underground
sources in Poland.

A mass-trial of communists will begin
Jan. 1 in Bucharest, it is reported by the
Nazi newspaper, Tagblatt, published in
the Rumanian capital. Forty-four of the
defendants, men and women, are Jews.
The Donauer Zeitung, a newspaper
published in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, reports
that it has ascertained that Jews consti-
tute 30 per cent of the Czech Legion fight-
ing alongside the Red Army. Jewesses
constitute 50 per cent of the nurses serv-
ing with the Legion, the newspaper states,
(See Also Page 23)

LONDON (JPS) — The entire
coterie of defunct Arab "Quis-
lings," headed by the ex-Mufti
of Jerusalem, were present at a
demonstration staged in Berlin
at which German leaders joined
their Arab friends in denouncing
the Balfour Declaration and
Britain on the anniversary of the
issuance of the Declaration.
In a message, the Nazi Foreign
Minister Joachim von Ribben-
trop termed the Arabs "Ger-
many's national Allies" and said
that "the aim of the Germans is
to liberate Palestine from the
British-Jewish yoke."
The demonstration was ad-
dressed by representatives of
Rashid. Ali, ex-Premier of Iraq
and Habib Tiamen. Prince of
Egypt, and was presided over by
the ex-Mufti.

Professors Ask
N. D. Reinstate
Foe of Coughlin

Committee Authorized to Initiate Negotiations With Germany

WASHINGTON—(JTA)—Direct negotiations with the Germans
for the release of Jews and other persecuted peoples can be under-
taken by the Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees under a
new mandate awaiting approval by 49 nations and neutrals.
This is an authoritative interpresentation given here of the text
made public last week by Assistant Secretary of State Long and
Chairman Sol Bloom of the House Foreign Affairs Committee.
Ordinarily, warring nations only approach one another through
neutral intermediaries.

--

.

An International Problem, Eden Tells Parliament

LONDON—(JTA)—Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden, speaking
in Commons this week, emphasized that the question of helping the
Jews in Nazi Europe "is not only a British problem and not even
an American problem.

"It is an international problem," he said. Mr. Eden added that
the British government is well aware of the fact that the refugee
situation "has not lost its tragic nature" and assured the House that
the government will give all help to the Intergovernmental Com-
mittee for Refugees in the work of which the British and United
States Governments are deeply interested.

Turkey Releases Jews from Camps; Informs U. S.

All the arrangements have been com-
pleted to bring to Palestine 34,000 Jewish
refugees from Southern Europe, admissible
under the White Paper, and the fact that
they have not arrived as yet is entirely
due to the attitude of the Rumanian and
Bulgarian governments, it was declared by
Anthony Eden, Foreign Secretary, in reply
to a question by Miss Eleanor Rathbone
at the Commons debate on the war issues.
The largest group of Yemenite Jews
ever to arrive in Eretz Israel, 608 immi-
grants, entered Palestine Dec. 14, and 500
Polish Jewish refugees, holding certificates
for Palestine, are expected from Teheran
before the week-end.
As the result of the thoughtfulness of
former Jewish residents of Jerusalem now
away from home, the Jerusalem Zoo has
received the gift of a year-old lion from
Eritrea.

`Quislings' Hear
Nazi Pledge to
Liberate Arabs

Balkans Warned Against Mistreatment of Jews

Continuing his testimony, Long disclosed that America and
Britain have jointly, through the Swiss government, warned Balkan
governments
against mistreatment of Jews. At the same time the
•
government offered to help Switzerland, "as far as our economy
.permits," in caring for refugees escaping from Axis-held countries,
the stated.
•
Mr. Long gave details of the unsuccessful British-American
'endeavor to evacuate refugees from the Balkan countries to Pales-
tine through Turkey. "Unfortunately the project could not be
accomplished because the German government got wind of it and
stopped the movement of ships and told the Rumanian government
she was not to be a party to any such movement."

The Intergovernmental Committee contains 32 countries, includ-
ing the United States, Britain, Switzerland, Sweden and Argentine.
Another 17, including—it is believed—the Soviet Union, Spain and
Turkey, have been invited to join. Negotiations with these govern-
ments are still in progress.

Page Three

of New Policy

CAIRO, (JTA)—More than 1,000 Men, many of them Jews,
confined in a Turkish labor camp for inability to pay a special
discriminatory capital levy, have been released, it was learned
here • following conclusion of the conferences between Turkish
President Inonu and Prime Minister Churchill and President Roose-
velt. Turkish officials informed American Ambassador Laurence
Steinhardt last week that the prisoners were to be freed.

Confirms Nazis Dynamited Jews in Concentration Camp

EDINBURGH, (JTA)—Confirmation of earlier reports that the
Germans had blasted to death 400 Dutch Jewish prisoners in the
quarries of the Mauthausen concentration camp in Austria was
given this week by Dutch Kees De Ridder, who fled Holland last
summer. He told a press conference here that the dynamiting of
400 young Jews between the ages of 17 and 24 had occurred soon
after the German occupation of his country.

CHICAGO (JPS)—The rein-
statement of Dr. Francis E. Mc-
Mahon, long an opponent of Fa-
ther Coughlin and of Franco
Spain, who was discharged from
his teaching post by Notre Dame
University, was demanded by a
group of philosophy professors
meeting here.
Now with Chicago University,
Dr. McMahon, who led the
mid-Western fight on the Ameri-
ca First Committee before Pearl
Harbor, was dismissed becaupe,
he said, he refused to submit his
speeches to censorship. The ap-
pointment included signatories
of Wayne R. Leys, Central
YMCA College; Paul Homer,
Yale; C. D. W. Hildebrand, De
Pauw; C. J. Ducasse, Brown;
George R. Geiger, Antioch; Dean
Howard B. Jefferson, Colgate;
Joseph W. Cohen, Colorado;
Laurence Sears, Ohio Wesleyan;
and Brand Blanchard, Swarth-
more.

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Important Arms Invention
Credited to Russian Jew

MOSCOW (JPS)—T. Shiveli-
vitch, a Russian Jew, has been
credited by the Soviet press with
the invention of a new machine
used in the manufacture . of small
parts of ammunition which re-
quire precision measurement. His
invention is said to be a great
time and money-saving device.

Hanukah
Greetings-

th(1

WASHINGTON BLVD. AT GRAND RIVER