Friday, ileamber 24, 1943 THE JEWISH NEWS State Dept, Official Reveals U. S. Attitude on Palestine Weekly Review of the News of the World (Compiled From Cables of Independent Jewish Press Service) PALESTINE Assistant Secretary of State Long Testifies to 'Government's Feelings Towards Jewish Homeland, Tells of Attempts To Rescue Thousands from Nazi Territory WASHINGTON—(JTA)--The attitude of the U. S. Gov- ernment toward the Palestine problem was defined by Assist- ant Secretary of State Breckenridge Long during his testi- mony before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs on the question of the rescue of Jewish and other peoples in Nazi-occupied territory, it was learned here when further portions of his testimony were made public. "The American government," Mr. Long said, "is not entirely obtuse about Palestine, or is not disinterested in the situation that is developing there. We have been interested and we will continue to be interested from the point of view of large aspects of world security and of world peace, as well as the rights of humans and humanitarian sympathies and the religious sentiments involved." Long revealed that at one time the U. S. tried to get Jews out of Rumania to Palestine by railroad instead of by boat. "The Turkish government," Long disclosed, "took the position that these people could pass in transit through that small part of Turkey which lies between the Straits and Bulgaria, but finally the German goevrnment heard about it and prevented it." State Department Will Support J. D. C. Efforts , Mr. Long also emphasized that the government will support the Joint Distribution Committee in its efforts to send food from Turkey, through the International Red Cross, to Jews in Transnistria. The government, he revealed, is continuing its efforts through a neutral government to get 20,000 Jewish children out of Germany and German-held territory. This neutral aovernment, however, has not as yet received a reply from Berlin, Mr. Long said, but the prb- posal still stands. He told of a plan now being supported by the U. S. "for remov- ing children temporarily from Axis-held territory to neutral coun- tries in varying numbers up to a maximum of 100,000 for rehabili- tation in countries where they could get food and where we could put the food where the children could be nourished and brought back to something like a normal state of .physical well being." Interned Rabbis Cannot Travel on Exchange Ship The assistant secretary reported that he was visited recently by a group of rabbis who were interested in the faculty and student body of one of the rabbinical colleges which started at the outbreak of the war from northern Poland and is today interned in Shanghai. "There are 464 persons in this group," he said. "The American rabbis want to bring them over here. They wanted to bring them on an exchange ship. I.did not think we were justified in leaving Americans over there and bringing other persons out of there." Breckinbridge Long Condemned, His Figures Disputed Congressman Emanuel Celler of New York on Monday charged that Assistant Secretary of State Breckinbridge Long had outlived his usefulness and suggested that he resign. • Rep. Celler charged that Long was indifferent to the refugee problem and that he is unfit "to continue in the driver's seat." I. F. Stone, noted Washington correspondent, writing for PM, points out that only 163,423 Jewish refugees were admitted to this country since the advent of Nazism, and quotes figures to show that Mr. Long's estimates are wrong. OVERSEAS Men in the Armed Services are among the students of a correspondence course in Talmud, it was revealed in an article by the Rev. J. Halpern in the London Jewish Chronicle. The course is about to take up the Laws of Shechata following which it will consider four chapters from Maimonides on charity. Only 7,000 out of a prewar Jewish pop- ulation of 180,000 are still alive in Lem- berg, according to the Afton Byoningen, a newspaper published in Stockholm. Sir Oswald Mosley, leader of the Union of British Fascists, whose release from prison has aroused wide-spread protests, will not be brought to trial because in all his activities he was careful not to overstep his constitutional rights, it was declared by Herbert Morrison, British Home Sec- retary and the official responsible for Mos- ley's releaSe. It is of "utmost importance" that the sufferings of the Jews "be kept in full view" of all people so that the spirit of indignation and compassion in them will not die out, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Most Rev. William Temple, declared in a speech in London. Trains rolling in from Western Europe to the Warsaw terminals and thence mov- ing on to the extermination center at Tre- blinka daily bring transports of Jews from France and Holland marked for death by the Nazis. This was revealed in London by Dr. Ignacz Schwarzbard, member of the National Council of the Polish Govern- ment-in-Exile, who quoted from authenti- cated reports submitted by underground sources in Poland. A mass-trial of communists will begin Jan. 1 in Bucharest, it is reported by the Nazi newspaper, Tagblatt, published in the Rumanian capital. Forty-four of the defendants, men and women, are Jews. The Donauer Zeitung, a newspaper published in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, reports that it has ascertained that Jews consti- tute 30 per cent of the Czech Legion fight- ing alongside the Red Army. Jewesses constitute 50 per cent of the nurses serv- ing with the Legion, the newspaper states, (See Also Page 23) LONDON (JPS) — The entire coterie of defunct Arab "Quis- lings," headed by the ex-Mufti of Jerusalem, were present at a demonstration staged in Berlin at which German leaders joined their Arab friends in denouncing the Balfour Declaration and Britain on the anniversary of the issuance of the Declaration. In a message, the Nazi Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribben- trop termed the Arabs "Ger- many's national Allies" and said that "the aim of the Germans is to liberate Palestine from the British-Jewish yoke." The demonstration was ad- dressed by representatives of Rashid. Ali, ex-Premier of Iraq and Habib Tiamen. Prince of Egypt, and was presided over by the ex-Mufti. Professors Ask N. D. Reinstate Foe of Coughlin Committee Authorized to Initiate Negotiations With Germany WASHINGTON—(JTA)—Direct negotiations with the Germans for the release of Jews and other persecuted peoples can be under- taken by the Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees under a new mandate awaiting approval by 49 nations and neutrals. This is an authoritative interpresentation given here of the text made public last week by Assistant Secretary of State Long and Chairman Sol Bloom of the House Foreign Affairs Committee. Ordinarily, warring nations only approach one another through neutral intermediaries. -- . An International Problem, Eden Tells Parliament LONDON—(JTA)—Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden, speaking in Commons this week, emphasized that the question of helping the Jews in Nazi Europe "is not only a British problem and not even an American problem. "It is an international problem," he said. Mr. Eden added that the British government is well aware of the fact that the refugee situation "has not lost its tragic nature" and assured the House that the government will give all help to the Intergovernmental Com- mittee for Refugees in the work of which the British and United States Governments are deeply interested. Turkey Releases Jews from Camps; Informs U. S. All the arrangements have been com- pleted to bring to Palestine 34,000 Jewish refugees from Southern Europe, admissible under the White Paper, and the fact that they have not arrived as yet is entirely due to the attitude of the Rumanian and Bulgarian governments, it was declared by Anthony Eden, Foreign Secretary, in reply to a question by Miss Eleanor Rathbone at the Commons debate on the war issues. The largest group of Yemenite Jews ever to arrive in Eretz Israel, 608 immi- grants, entered Palestine Dec. 14, and 500 Polish Jewish refugees, holding certificates for Palestine, are expected from Teheran before the week-end. As the result of the thoughtfulness of former Jewish residents of Jerusalem now away from home, the Jerusalem Zoo has received the gift of a year-old lion from Eritrea. `Quislings' Hear Nazi Pledge to Liberate Arabs Balkans Warned Against Mistreatment of Jews Continuing his testimony, Long disclosed that America and Britain have jointly, through the Swiss government, warned Balkan governments against mistreatment of Jews. At the same time the • government offered to help Switzerland, "as far as our economy .permits," in caring for refugees escaping from Axis-held countries, the stated. • Mr. Long gave details of the unsuccessful British-American 'endeavor to evacuate refugees from the Balkan countries to Pales- tine through Turkey. "Unfortunately the project could not be accomplished because the German government got wind of it and stopped the movement of ships and told the Rumanian government she was not to be a party to any such movement." The Intergovernmental Committee contains 32 countries, includ- ing the United States, Britain, Switzerland, Sweden and Argentine. Another 17, including—it is believed—the Soviet Union, Spain and Turkey, have been invited to join. Negotiations with these govern- ments are still in progress. Page Three of New Policy CAIRO, (JTA)—More than 1,000 Men, many of them Jews, confined in a Turkish labor camp for inability to pay a special discriminatory capital levy, have been released, it was learned here • following conclusion of the conferences between Turkish President Inonu and Prime Minister Churchill and President Roose- velt. Turkish officials informed American Ambassador Laurence Steinhardt last week that the prisoners were to be freed. Confirms Nazis Dynamited Jews in Concentration Camp EDINBURGH, (JTA)—Confirmation of earlier reports that the Germans had blasted to death 400 Dutch Jewish prisoners in the quarries of the Mauthausen concentration camp in Austria was given this week by Dutch Kees De Ridder, who fled Holland last summer. He told a press conference here that the dynamiting of 400 young Jews between the ages of 17 and 24 had occurred soon after the German occupation of his country. CHICAGO (JPS)—The rein- statement of Dr. Francis E. Mc- Mahon, long an opponent of Fa- ther Coughlin and of Franco Spain, who was discharged from his teaching post by Notre Dame University, was demanded by a group of philosophy professors meeting here. Now with Chicago University, Dr. McMahon, who led the mid-Western fight on the Ameri- ca First Committee before Pearl Harbor, was dismissed becaupe, he said, he refused to submit his speeches to censorship. The ap- pointment included signatories of Wayne R. Leys, Central YMCA College; Paul Homer, Yale; C. D. W. Hildebrand, De Pauw; C. J. Ducasse, Brown; George R. Geiger, Antioch; Dean Howard B. Jefferson, Colgate; Joseph W. Cohen, Colorado; Laurence Sears, Ohio Wesleyan; and Brand Blanchard, Swarth- more. BACK TUE ATTACK with EXTRA War Bonds! Each day the battles of the INVASION are taking the lives of gallant, brave boys fighting under the Stars and Stripes. Your dear ones — sons, h u s b an d, sweetheart, father, brothers, relatives and friends—are, or soon may be, engaged in those bloody bat- tles. War Bonds buy the equip- ment, ammunition and food they need! Can you do LESS than buy MORE and MORE War Bonds? Important Arms Invention Credited to Russian Jew MOSCOW (JPS)—T. Shiveli- vitch, a Russian Jew, has been credited by the Soviet press with the invention of a new machine used in the manufacture . of small parts of ammunition which re- quire precision measurement. His invention is said to be a great time and money-saving device. Hanukah Greetings- th(1 WASHINGTON BLVD. AT GRAND RIVER