THEPLTROITAWISACIIROHICLE
PAGE TEN
September 3, 1937
and THE LEGAL CHRONICLE
Happy New Year
WEISMAN
PONTIAC CO.
AL WEISMAN
Sales — Service
4846 to 54 Woodward Ave.
TEMPLE 1.7540
AT WARREN AVE.
ROSII IIASIIONAII GREETINGS AND BEST WISHES
Chicago Reform Temple Re-
turns to Friday Evening
Services
WHEN THE CONSTITUTION WAS BORN
CHICAGO (WNS)—Continu-
ing the trend back toward Ortho-
doxy in Reform Judaism, Temple
Isaiah Israel, one of Chicago's
largest Reform temples, will re-
tur nto the Friday evening ser-
vices which will start after the
High Holidays. The change is the
first important reform instituted
by the temple's new spiritual lead-
er, Rabbi Morton M. Berman,
former assistant to Dr. Stephen
S. Wise at New York's Free Syna-
gogue.
By BERTRAM JONAS
The guide who shows Holly-
wood visitors the places of inter-
est is a brother of the late Cap-
tain Ernst Roehm, one-time boss
of the Nazi storm troops, who was
killed in the 1934 purge.
Berlin Is buzzing with talk that
Iljalmer Schacht, Naziland's eco-
nomic magician, is elated to get
the gate.
ATTE
11205 GRAT1011:146 MICHIGAN
DETROIT'S EXCLUSIVE HATTER
SINCERE GOOD WISHES FOR A HAPPY AND
PROSPEROUS NEW YEAR
Service Office Supply Co.
COMPLETE OFFICE OUTFITTERS
NATE BALABAN — SOL ALLEN BALABAN
IRA SCI1LESINGER — HERBERT KLEIN
MEYER KUNECK
427 WOODWARD AVENUE
RANDOLPH 8030
GREETINGS
We join in wishing All of Our
Detroit Jewish Community
A VERY HAPPY NEW YEAR
BEN TOLMICH
General Agent
CONTINENTAL
ASSURANCE CO.
OF ILLINOIS
A HAPPY NEIV YEAR
974 National Bank Bldg.
J. Kelsey McClure
Cherry 3290
INC.
Rosh Ilashonah Greetings
PACKARD
KAUFMAN
PICKLE CO.
SALES AND SERVICE
8500 Woodward
MAdison 7123
KOSHER PRODUCTS
Pickles, Vinegar, Mustard,
GROCERS SPECIALTIES
Sincere New Year Greetings
Red Indian Oil Co.
I. B. DWORMAN, Gen. Mgr.
Distributors of
Fleet Wing Gas and Motor Oils
12401 CLOVERDALE
Phone 'lomat 3275
Harold Blake Sales Div.
We offer hundreds of qualified homes for sale
Most of these homes are in the preferred
"NORTHWEST" Area
3915 W. 7-MILE ROAD
UNIVERSITY 2.6274
ROSH IIASIIONAII GREETINGS AND BEST WISHES
OFFICE FURNITURE
WOOD or METAL
Exclusive Agents for
Doten-Dunton, Standard and Gunn Desks,Gunlocke Chairs
GENERAL FIREPROOFING CO.
Steel Filing Equipment—Desks—Safes—Alumin uh Chairs
Gregory Mayer & Thom Co.
Stationery, Printing, Engraving, Lithographing, Blank Books,
Loose-Leaf Devices, Oftice Furniture
41 Cadillac Square
CAdillac 9330
We extend best wishes to all our friends and
customers for a Happy and Prosperous New Year
Cadillac Ginger Ale Co., Inc.
MORRIS J. NEWMAN
688 E. COLUMBIA
RANDOLPH 3430
Manufacturers of
FINE BEVERAGES IN ALL FLAVORS
Rest Wishes for the New Year
BOOMS BROTHERS, INC.
Hardware and Blacksmith Supplies
1369 MONROE
RANDOLPH 8553
(glad a rensus been taken onthe ete of the Constitutional Contention It would
Mite dikdowd • Joni.lt population of 3.000 In She
lilted Males
"
Get acquainted 0111t American Jewry 150 testy ago through this interesting
article by Bertram
at
Jona, written on the occasion of the sewluiretalennial
relebtatIon
the Amrricatn Constitution.
(Copyright, 1117, eaten Arta Feature Syndicate)
American Jewry already had a
history of 132 years behind it in
May, 1787, when George Washing-
ton called to order the Philadel-
phia convention which four months
ater hammered out the Constitu-
tion of the United States. The
Jews had shared in the hardships
of the pioneer colonists who took
the first steps in building the fu-
ture America out of a wilderness.
They had been foremost among the
patriots who took up arms against
England and fought the bloody
Revolution to win independence.
Though numerically insignificant,
in the year of the Constitution's
birth they were a deeply-rooted ele-
ment of the Ainerican people. The
new era in the development of the
United States ushered in with the
adoption of the Constitution also
marked the beginning of an epoch
of Jewish progress which was des-
tined to make American Jewry the
largest and most important Jewish
community in the world.
Had a religious census been
taken on the eve of the Constitu-
tional Convention it would have
disclosed a Jewish population of
3,000 out of a total of somewhat
less than 3,000,000. N e w p or t,
Rhode Island, the leading Jewish
center before the Revolution, had
been overshadowed by Philadel-
phia, which in 1787 boasted of
1,000 Jewish residents New York
had 750 Jews while Newport
claimed 600. Savannah, Georgia,
and Charleston, South Carolina,
had about 200 each. The rest were
scattered in other towns. Small
as these communities were, they
already had the beginnings of com-
munal life. There were synagogues
in Newport, New Yrok, Philadel-
phia, Savannah and Charleston.
Bearing in mind the size of the
American rabbinate today, it is
curious that in 1787 there were
but three rabbis in the United
States: Rabbi Moses Cohen of
Charleston, Rabbi Isaac Touro of
Newport and Rabbi Gershom Men-
des Seixes of New York, Charles-
ton also had a chazan while New-
port also boasted of a Hebrew
club. In every community, how-
ever, there was a religious school
in which smiler subjects were
taught in addition to the strict
tenets of Orthodox Judaism. New
York's pioneer synagogue also had
a ladies' auxiliary while in Charles-
ton there was a Jewish benevolent
and fraternal society, the forerun-
ner of the numerous Jewish lodges.
P
Tradition for Philanthropy
The vast system of philanthropy
developed by American Jewry in
the last century and a half also
stems from this period. Those tiny
Jewish communities were generous
givers. In the absence of estab-
lished eleemosynary institution!'
synagogue elders boarded sick and
aged Jews in their own homes, a
plan now widely used in child care.
A similar method was adopted for
orphans. Charitable and educa-
tional undertakings constantly de-
pleted communal treasuries, which
from their limited resources main-
tained an amazing variety of social
service work. Indigent Jews were
frequently sent from one town to
another until they were permanent-
ly settled and assured of a liveli-
hood. A strong feeling of kinship
and co-operation existed between
these Jewish communities. The
commercial interdependence of
Jewish traders in Newport, Savan-
nah, Philadelphia, Charleston and
New York was effectively utilized
to help distant and isolated co-re-
ligionists. Couriers for Jewish
merchants always carried funds
and messages for Jews in other
towns. Whenever a Jewish com-
munity needed assistance it was
certain to be forthcoming.
Yellowed congregational minute
books also reveal that even as early
as 1787 American Jews were no
stranger to fund-raising cam-
paigns. When a new synagogue
was built it was generally financed
by voluntary contributions in the
for mof pledges by local donors and
by Jews from neighboring towns.
One synagogue received donations
from Curacao, London and Bar-
bados. Another was given books by
the Jewish community In Jamaica.
The hous-to-house solicitation of
funds so familiar today was used
with success even then. Individual
Jews paid for single stones, parts
of windows, decorations and other
sections of synagogues.
and their children found no ob-
stacles of bigotry in their way. So
tolerant was the America of 1787
that intermarriage between Jews
and the most aristocratic Christian
families were fairly common.
A Successful Community
Although generally speaking the
synagogue was the chief social
center for the Jews, who kept to
themselves as much as possible and
settled their differences among
themselves without recourse to the
courts, intermarriage, apostasy
and the sharply-defined social dis-
tinctions between the Sephardic
and Ashkenazic elements were
among the most aggravating prob-
lems facing American Jewry in
1787. Conversion made constant in-
roads into the Jewish population,
no much so, that today many blue-
blooded American families can find
a Jewish ancestor somewhere in
their pedigree. Among the more
prominent apostates were Judah
Monis, Hebrew instructor at Har-
vard, Isaac Miranda, who became
a judge in Philadelphia, the chil-
dren of David Emanuel, the eighth
governor of Georgia, and the Pinto
brothers of New Haven. Intermar-
riage between the daughters of
Sephardic families and the landed
Christian gentry were common.
The most famous of these unions
united the Franks family and a
scion of the aristocratic De Lan-
ceys. To counteract the effects of
apostasy and intermarriage strenu-
ous efforts were made to strength-
en the appeal of Judaism. One of
the most notable of these was Isaac
Pinto's translation of the Hebrew
prayers into English.
Much has been written about the
J e w i s h merchants, ship-owners,
brokers, land speculators, Indian
traders, soldiers, financiers and
patriots who rendered such great
service to the American cause dur-
ing the Revolution. But by 1787
the American Jews numbered not
merely successful traders and mer-
chants, but doctors, scientists, law-
yers, philanthropists, patrons of
the arts and learning, scholars and
skilled craftsmen. Gilbert, Stuart,
Sully, and Malbone were among
the prominent American portrait
painters commissioned to paint the
wealthy American Jew of 1787 and
his wife. Some of these portraits,
still extant, show that the Jews
dressed like their neighbors. Syna-
gogue elders wore the same waist-
coats, knee-breeches, buckled shoes,
powdered wigs and ruffled ,shoes
that graced the persons of the dele-
gates to the Constitutional Conven-
tion. Jewish ladies of that day
were quite as well dressed as their
Christian sisters, sparing no ex-
pense in importing finery from
Paris and London.
Political Recognition
Jewish professional men were
no longer rarities by 1787. There
were Jewish physicians practicing
8622 OAKLAND
in Philadelphia, Savannah and New
Madison 2622
York. The first graduating classes
of Columbia and Pennsylvania Uni-
versities numbered Jews among
them. Some of the more prosper-
ous Jews were generous supporters
of educational institutions. Moses
Franks was a liberal donor to Co-
Rosh Hashonah Greetings
lumbia. Israel Joseph and Moses
to the
L indo of Charleston gave large
JEWISH MASTER BAKERS
sums to Brown University. Aaron
with deep appreciation for
Lopez helped found Leicester Acad-
emy in Newport and Abraham
their patronage
Hart and Jacob Rivera were pa-
trons of Newport's first library.
Rabbi Gershom Mendes Seizes was
a trustee of Columbia,
In 1787 there were only two
Staten in which an observant Jew
could hold public office, yet Ameri-
can Jewry had already won recog-
nition in political life before the
1520 15TH ST.
Federal Constitution outlawed re-
ligious
tests. Francis Salvador had
Lafayette 5650
served in the South Carolina legis-
lature. Moses Levy was a judge
in Philadelphia. Even New York
had elected a Jew to the legislature.
The men who drafted the Constitu-
tion numbered many Jews among
Happy New Year to All
their friends. Many of the found-
ing fathers had been dependent on
Ilaym Salomon's bounty. Wash-
ington knew the Jews from the
days of the Revolution. Franklin
had contributed toward a fund for
the building of a synagogue in
Philadelphia. Charles Pinckney of
South Carolina, author of the re-
Awnings, Tents, Tarpaulins
ligious liberty clause in the Con-
We specialize on Repairing
stitution, had been the bosom com-
panion
of Salvador. In short, by
and Waterproofing
1787 the Jews of America had
gained a firm foothold in every
sphere of American life and had
All Were Observant Jews
2728 W. FORT ST.
In those early days even the laid the groundwokr for Jewish
wealthiest Jews were Orthodox in participation in the future growth
Phone LAfayette 2154
belief and practice. The Jewish pf the United States.
leaders, lay and spiritual, strug-
gled to maintain Jewish unity by
an inflexible and unbending OrthO. (C haracter, Temperament Is
dozy. Absentees from Sabbath
Responsible for Jewish
services were fined. Even a minor
Right-to-Left Writing
Happy New Year to All
desecration of the Sabbath, such
Its shaving, caused angry criticism.
PRAGUE— (WNS) — Basic
Violators of the dietary laws were differences in character, temper-
threatened with excommunication.
Jewish holidays and festivals were ament, outlook on life and reli-
scrupulously observed. Proselytes gious beliefs between the Orient-
were not tolerated and marriages al and European races are the
between Jews and proselytes were reason why the Phoenicians and
forbidden. In matters of kashruth ancient Israelites wrote from
Exclusive Frocks
and religion the dicta of the syna- right to left, while the European
gogue elders were law. Their au- peoples, beginning with the
thority was supreme because they Greeks of antiquity, wrote from
had power to withhold membershipp left to right, according to a
9116 GRAND RIVER AVE.
in the congregation, which was al- study of the psychology of hand-
most the sloe center of Jewish life. writing. by Willy Schoenfeld,
TYLER 6.1827
published in the Jewish Review
Few Jews risked such ostracism.
Despite this fervent Orthodoxy of Munkacz. Schoenfeld claims
and the fact that most Jews lived that the Jewish personality is
apart from their Gentile neighbors, introverted, its characteristics be-
Christian-Jewish relations were no ing contemplation, concentration,
problem. Some of the wealthy Sep. sensitiveness and egocentricity,
the ancient Greeks, who
Happy New Year to All I herdic families were readily ac- while
cepted in Christian society. The first changed the traditional way
Franks, Sheftalls, Riveras, Lo- of writing from right to left to
penes, Touros, Levys, Gratzes and the modern left to right, were,
other leading Jewish families were like the modern Europans. extra-
no strangers to Christian social verts, restless, active and arrives-
life. Masonry was an important sive, with the lust of conquest
point of contact between Jews and The older theory that lefthand-
Gentiles. The camaraderie engen- nen was the reason for the Sem -
dered by the Revolution was still a itic way of writing has no scien•
Special Attention
vital factor in preventing the emer- title basis, Schoenfeld asserts.
gence of racial or religious preju-
APARTMENTS — HOTELS
Binnie Barnes has cancelled her
dice. The patriotism of Ifaym
Salomon, already dead two years, plans to sail for England to make
of Francis Salvador of South Caro. a movie for Alexander Korth% in
5937 ML Elliott
fins, Mordecai Sheftall of Georgia, order to take the second feminine
Benjamin Nenes of Philadelphia, lead in "The Adventures of Marco
PLase 3880
Manuel Mordecai Noah, father of Polo." . Larry Adler's work in
Mordecai, and many other Jewish "Tbe Singing Marine" is making
sons of 1776, were still fresh. They the critics to rave.
DETROIT SUGAR
MILLING CO.
ROSY HASHONAH GREETINGS AND BEST WISHES
A Picture of American Jewry in 1787
COBB CANVAS
COMPANY
PEGGY ANN
Superior Sash &
Screen Co.
Classes in Zionism and farming
The ban on non-Aryan musicians
Masada Summer School
will also be a feature of the pro- doesn't prevent the music of Jew-
and Camp Opens Aug.
gram.
ish composers from being played
24 at Cream Ridge, N.J. The summer school will be held in the cafes and music halls of
Dr. Joachim Prinz, famous for
his courageous, leadership of Ger-
man Jewry under the Hitler re-
gime, has joined the faculty of the
second annual summer school and
camp of Masada, youth Zionist or-
ganization of America. Dr. Prinz
arrived in the United States last
week. He is noted as an orator and
scholar and is the author of many
important books on the Jewish
question.
Other members of the faculty
will include A. II. Friedland of
Cleveland, noted Hebrew poet and
scholar who will lecture on modern
Hebrew literature; Dr. Jacob S.
Golub, head of the educational de-
partment of the Zionist Organiza-
tion of America; Elias Newman,
the distinguished Palestine land-
scape painter, and II. Salpeter.
Isaac Ember, national president of
Masada, will report on the proceed-
ings of the 20th World Zionist Con-
gress, to which he was a delegate.
at the training farm of the He-
chaultz Organization of America,
at Cream Ridge, N. J., and will
open on Aug. 24 to continue for
a period of 12 days to Sept. 4.
Germany . . . The tunes of exiled
Jewish musicians are sold to note
copiers in Ilamburg, who sell the
copies to bandmasters at from 3
to 5 marks a piece.
GREETINGS .. .
AND OUR BEST WISHES FOR THE NEW YEAR
II. P. Ullmann
Company
happy New Year to All
Selling Agent for
Frank Becker Towing
Company
All Widths and Weights in our Detroit Stock
4103 W JEFFERSON
LAfayette 9592
STEIN-HALL BURLAP
5203.05 Loraine Ave.
Phone. TYler 6-5422-34
Rosh Hashanah Greetings
ROSH HASHONAII GREETINGS AND BEST WISIIES
KLETT
MOTO RSALES
SALES-
OLDSMOBILE
—SERVICE
McNichols Motor Sales
DE SOTO AND PLYMOUTH DEALERS
SOL CIIARNES, Owner
ELMER L. WIEDRICK, General Mgr.
21121 GRAND RIVER AVE.
REdford 3640
10039 W. McNichols
UNiversity 2.9710
Sincere Season's Greetings
ROSH IIASIIONAII GREETINGS AND BEST WISHES
SAMUEL
FELDMAN
REAL
WHITE TOWER
SYSTEMS, INC.
DETROIT, MICH.
317 Hammond Bldg.
RAndolph 4594
ROSY IIASIIONAII GREETINGS TO ALL
Rosh Hashanah Greetings
BANKLE SUPPLY
COMPANY
Wholesale Vulcanizing & Tire Co.
Distributors of Sno-Flake, Ken-
Nite and Velvet Polishes, Jan-
itor Supplies
HARRY ANTMAN -:- C. W. BROWN
Washed and Sterilized
Davison and Woodrow Wilson
Wiping ■ and Polishing Cloths,
Chamois, Sponges, Brushes,
Enamels, Lacquers
2854 WOODWARD
Cadillac 6081 '
ROSH IIASIIONAII GREETINGS AND BEST WISHES
BOB TEAGAN
Holiday Greetings to AU
AUTHORIZED SALES AND SERVICE
DODGE, PLYMOUTH and DODGE TRUCKS
DIETRICH
GALLERIES
8403 GRAND RIVER
PHONE TYLER 4.5811
FINE ARTS—ANTIQUES
341 E. JEFFERSON
Best Wishes for a Happy and Joyous New
Year
EPSTEIN BAKING CO.
SAM POSNER, Prop.
Happy New Year to All
SHULER CARPET
CO., Inc.
Distributors of
FLOOR COVERING
309 East Jecierson
CAdillac 1298
Rosh Hashanah Greetings
9936 DEXTER BLVD.
3142 FENKELL AVE.
12131 LINWOOD AVE.
Townsend 8.8440
University 1.0220
Longfellow 8009
Season's Greetings and Best Wishes to AU
Warshawer and Prager Bakery
MR. GERSTON, Prop.
The Best Bread and Rolls Fresh Every Hour
We also bake plain and fancy cakes for weddings,
parties and banquets.
8605 TWELFTH ST.
TYLER 5-6340
HOYT'S
LAUNDRY
FINEST WORK
BEST SERVICE
• Just Phone -
Fly Tight Screen
Mfg. Co.
CAdillac 4124
Complete Service
on Any Make
Rosh Hashanah Greetings to All!
BREITS AUTO RADIO CO.
8229 LIVERNOIS AVE.
TYler 47906
A. A. BREITENWISCHER
4211 CASS
COLUMBIA 4438