ittLiiEritur_r,giv Mitt ift RUA ItIou
Spain and the Jew.
TIFEVETROlTi/EIVISII 61-RON ICL-
From Sera, Bulga ria. comes the news that the Bul-
garian Jewish League of Nations Society is asking the
Spanish Government for a statement as to whether it
considers the decree of 1493, expelling the Jews from
Spain as having been abolished with the advent of the
present constitutional era. Dr. Saul Mezan of Sofia
points out that the Spanish government has interpreted
the ( (institution as protecting the liberties of all re-
ligions thus alum, aurally nullifying the edict of 1193.
But since the present dictator, Prima de Rivera, has
abolished the constitution, Dr. Mezan insists on a guar-
antee of the abrogation of the 1193 decree before the
Bulgarian Jewish League of Nations Society will par-
ticipate in the ('angles', of League of Nations Societies
to be held in Madrid this month.
It is well in this connection to recall the contribu-
tions that were made by Jews to Spain and to Spanish
(idol's.. Following the expulsion from Spain, he Jew-
ish rt (nee( S took the culture they imbibed in Spain
wherever they went and in a sense acted as messen-
eers for Spain in spreading her ideals and traditions.
Dr. Marcus Ehrenpreis Grand Rabbi of Sweden, fol-
lowing a visit to Salmiki, the center of the Sephardim,
the Spanish Jews. has described their services to Span-
ish culture in his "The Soul of the East:"
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Sabbath Rosh Chodesh Port:ons of the Torah.
Pentateuchal portisn--Lev. 19:1•20:27; Num. Sis:9-15.
Prophetical portion—Is. 66.
Nisan 30, 5689
May 10, 1929
Capital Punishment.
np
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•
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aR
The action of both houses of the Michigan Legisla-
ture in voting in favor of reverting to the oldest and
cruelest punishment for crime, namely, punishment by
death, is a most regrettable occurence in an age of en-
lightenment. As this is being written, Governor Green
is faced with the responsibility of deciding between
vetoing this measure or making it a law by appending
his signature to it, and we, on our part, urge him
against involving this state in a barbarous practice un-
becoming an enlightened community.
For more than 80 years, punishment by death for
capital offenses has been eliminated in the state of
Michigan, and on numerous occasions the best citizens
in this state have expressed their abhorrence of a re-
turn to this practice. To revert to it now would mean
that we refuse to subscribe to principles of social jus-
tice and of treatment of criminals us mentally diseased
beings; that we prefer revenge to justice.
As Jews we are in position to point to a greater ex-
perience in dealing with such laws than any other exist-
ing group. Our religious liturgy also contains extreme
samples of capital punishments. On the holiest clay of
our religious year, on Yom Kippur, we find reference
to four types of punishment by death for crime, "ston-
ing, burning, beheading and strangling." The Bible
contains the declarations that the wage of murder is
death. "He who smites a man and kills him shall
surely be put to death," we react in the Bible. Yet even
Biblical commands were not powerful enough to ob-
ligate future generations to subscribe to ancient im-
practical and inhuman laws. Rabbinical legislation of
the past two thousand years has ruled first to minimze
capital punishment and then to abolish it altogether.
The Jewish Encyclopedia is authority for this state-
ment:
"That capital punishment was a rare occurence in
the latter days of the Jewish commonwealth is patent
from the statement in the Mishnah that a court was
stigmatized as 'murderous' if it condemned to death
more than one human being in the course of seven
years. Indeed, Eleazer b. Azariah applied the same
epithet to a court that executed more than one man in
every 70 years; and his famous colleagues, Tryphon
and Akiba, openly avowed their opposition to capital
punishment, saying, 'Had we belonged to the Sanhed-
rin (during Judea's independence), no man would ever
have been executed,' as they would always have found
some legal informalities by which to make a sentence
of death impossible."
The practice of capital punishment belongs to the
realm of antiquity, and every human Instinct rebels
against its reinstitution in a modern state. We urge up-
on our Governor, with all the strength we possess, to
stamp his disapproval upon this inhuman legislation,
and to prevent our commonwealth from indorsing the
establishment of "murderous" courts of law.
Tools for the Declassed Jews.
r i4
The campaign for $50,000 with which to supply
the declassed Jews in Soviet Russia with tools and ma-
chinery. has an appeal which is lacking in other char-
itable movements: it aims to help others to help them-
selves.
This People's Tool Campaign should not be con-
fused with colonization and relief efforts in Russia. It
is a very definite and constructive effort to supply ma-
chinery' for that class of Jews, said to number 1,200,-
000, composed of neither the wealthy nor the working
elements. This class is deprived of a legal status in
Soviet Russia because of its non-productive character,
and it is to make it productive and thereby to earn a
legal status that the present drive is launched.
Mr. Felix M. Warburg, noble Jewish leader who by
his support of the Russian as well as Palestinian Jew-
ish colonization movements has earned the esteem of
the Jewish masses everywhere, has also given his en-
couragement to this movement for tools: for the de-
classed, and an extract from a letter he has addressed
to Mr. B. C. Vladeck, national chairman of the People's
Tool Campaign, helps to explain the drive's importance.
Said Mr. Warburg:
"Since, on account of the large expenditure con-
nected with the enterprise, it is possible to place on the
farms only a limited number out of hundreds of thou-
sands of Jews who are yearning to become 4goducing
workers, it is of great importance that in addition,
training and tools be provided to enable others to be-
come respected and self-supporting. The funds which
i ant sure you will succeed in raising, administered by
and in consultation with Dr. Rosen, the Agro-Joint and
the ORT people in Russia, will go into the right hands
and not only will you see the results of these activities
immediately, but a more or less permanent improve-
ment will be effected in the lives of these many fami-
lies."
Fifty thousand dollars, to be collected over a period
of five years, is a small sum, but it will help to swell
a national fund to aid a million declassed Jews to help
themselves. Therefore this drive should receive the
wholehearted support of Detroit Jewry.
They preserved much of the hispanic culture of another
thy. The Sephardim speak a language—Ladino—that con-
sists of old Spanish, or rather Castilian, mixed with ele-
ments from t o Hebrew, Turkish or Slavic. Character-
istically enough, they themselves denominate it Guidestao
(Jewish) just as the east,din Jews whose colloquial speech
is based on fie yliddle High German call theirs Yiddish.
Ladino is spoken commonly and is used in the schools, at
public weirs tip and business Otte; it is written in special
JewS h characters, possesses a literature and is the medium
for a widely circulated press, there being a dozen Spaniel
newspapers of which fire are dailypub ished in Saloniki
atone. This tender attachment to the language of their
fathers land testifies to the intellectual and political
adaptability that marks the Jewish mind. With the lan-
guage they have preserved much of the old Spanish treas-
ury of culture: wonderful Castilian proverbs (assemb ed
by Chayim Bedyarano, Chief Rabbi of Turkey, by commis-
sion of the Spanish Academy of Science); old romances
and folksongs originally brought together in the famous
Romancer° collection (1600), love songs and nursery
rhymes .... Many of the songs saved by the Sephardim
in t le Orient have been forgotten in Spain....
When the Spanish Academy, a few decades ago, pre-
pared a complete 'collection of old Spanish romances, it
sent Manriques De Lars, well known composer and writer,
actually a general, to the Sephardim of the Orient—whose
forbears had been banished from Spain—to obtain the
romances they had safeguarded. The irony of history!
Not only in Saloniki, but on the East Side of New
York, in Philadelphia, in many centers of South Amer-
ica, Sephardic Jews have retained the culture that is
Spain's with a holier devotion than the Spaniards them-
selves, and in spite of the cruelties practiced against
their ancestors by the Spanish Inquisition. Surely, it
will take more than the mere abrogation of the 1493
decree to amend for the wrongs of four centuries ago.
Surely, every added contribution by Jews to Spanish
culture is an added rebuke for the unamendecl wrongs.
Sailing Under False Colors.
During the "question box" period over one of the
local radio stations last Sunday, the radio informer was
asked to compare the "Jewish Easter" with the "Chris-
tian Easter." The prompt reply naturally was that
there is no "Jewish Easter," and in the interests of truth
the radio informer explained the Passover festival.
We mention this fact because the gentleman who
disillusioned his questioner on the existence of a "Jew-
ish Easter" happens to be a Christian, and because, co-
incidently, we received a call from a Christian friend
on the morning after the dissemination of the above
information over the radio, and this Christian friend
unburdened himself of a grievance he holds against
such Jews who "sail under false colors" and thereby
do an injustice to the Jewish religion and the Jewish
people.
Our Christian friend unburdened himSelf on his
complaint in words which we attempt herewith to quote
as accurately as possible:
"There are Jews who believe they will get in right
and thereby pose as somebodies by flattering Christians.
I met such a fellow the other day, and he haughtily
spoke of his 'Jewish Easter' as compared with our Chris-
tian holiday. He passed a few other 'supposedly clever'
remarks about the 'Easter eggs' he was handing out to
his kiddies, etc.
"That may have been none of my business. But I
have met so many disgusting fellow-Irishmen and others
who are disloyal to their own kind and who sail under
false colors, that I yielded to temptation and gave him
a lesson in the Passover story. I explained to him—
think of me, a Christian. suddenly becoming Rabbi to
a Jew ! Rabbi literally means teacher, doesn't it?—
I explained to this fellow that the Jews have no Easter;
that they have a festival they call Passover; that the
Passover story to my mind is one of the greatest in all
human history ; that the Passover is many centuries old-
er than the Easter; that he has so much to be proud of
in his own religion that it is a shame even to attempt to
imitate.
"What do you think that fellow said in reply?
'Well,' said he, 'you are right in what you say, but
Americans won't understand if we use Jewish names
for our holidays.'
"Can you beat that? As if he himself were not an
American! I told him that. I told him that I too was
an American, and that I believed Americans to be ready
to offer greater respect to him who is open and above
board about himself and his own people, and that rid-
icule is. as a rule, apportioned to those who sail under
false colors.
"I don't know how he feels about my lecture now,
but he, evidently, is not the only one, and his ilk de-
serves to be shown up and called down. If ever you
have room for such a sentiment in your editorial col-
umns, you ought to do this little service to your people
by showing up the four-flusher."
Thanks, D. J. We didn't transcribe your little
speech over the telephone literally, but we hope we
have correctly reported your thoughts. We hope, also,
that it may serve as a lesson to these fellows who "sail
under false colors." heaven knows, we have too many
of this tribe among us.
ISO 0 ~~ vtiT ~
13•C
, all
-te
here tiles 's, sisricol that iumpus
Well,
over togas: at IN own University over the effort to eslab-
lish a Jo is isit fraternity there. Readers of this column
will recall the interesting letters exchanged between
Louis Marshall and Dr. Nausea, tie president of Brown,
over this question, some months ago. At t at time Dr.
Faun, took the position that a Jewish fraternity was
likely to create a rather unfavorable situation, and
Mr. Marshall replied that he couldn't see it that way,
especially s net Jewish students were not permitted to
enter other fraternities of Christian students. Dr.
Faunce's contention was that it was to bad, of course,
but La n young men will be young men, but if we wait
long enough everytaing will came out all right, and so
on and sos forth.
Naw comes the sequel. I take the item from the
New York Times:
The Jew i•h tratern:ty fight at brown Univer-
sity has tared up again wstli the result that a small
issoup of studchts was ordered (a resign from the
Meal chimer of Iii Lambda Psi or be expelied
trout the university. Dean Otis E. Randall said
t .at all the men had resigned voluntarily Isom the
forbidden fraternity, has ',011ie students said that
none had res good and added that the tight would
be carried to the courts, wheels an injunction
against the university would he sought , . .
Brown University long has forbidden tee organ-
initial' of any fraternities on racial or sectarian
Jews have been permdted to organize, but
only under charters which do not bar students Id
other races,
It is an interesting situation, to say the least. Chris-
tian boys organize fraternities, which under their char-
ters, do not permit exclusion of Jews or oilier non-
('hristians, but in practice that is exactly what t icy do.
Personal.) 1 can see no good purpose served by c intinu-
ing the tight against the university. It will mean that
Brown, already showing signs of Jewish d scr:mination,
is likely to put into operation under cover still more
restrictions. Dr. Faunee, in theory, is correct that fra-
ternitien should net hold charters that carry an exclu-
sion clause, nevertheless in real life that's the way they
operate without t •latue. It's unfortunate that such a
situation exists but the Jewish boys who are damned if
they do and damned if they don't can hardly be blamed
for becoming lumped. But in the end it won't get
them anywhere, at Brown.
I note where Peter Glick, an attorney in Pittsburg'.,
Pa., has been made a member of Governor F.shers' cabi-
net, with the itortfodo of Labor and Industry. In New
York and some other states it is common to find Jews as
members of the state cabinet, but it is extremely rare ill
Pennsylvania. I am under the impression that Glick is
the (first Jew to be so honored in that state. One of
Glick'. brothers was a famous athlete at Princeton and
was accorded rather liberal treatment front the social
groups, including the "eating house" clique. PO er Glick
has taken a deep interest in the Jewish communal life of
the l'ittsburgh community.
Ile was one of toe strung supporters of Eisner when
he was a candidate and has been an acisve Aepubtican
party worker our years. he is 1,sely to give a very good
account ed hinted, as he has the smutty and personanty
to go a long way an political cite.
I met a Shriner tole other day who belongs to a shrine
or a Lunge or a temple or on na,ever Lo•y ea. a u.ut ewes
not doubt Jews to membership. But ue IOW me he hoped
the day would come unen men wouid be judged as men
and not by tneir rei.hous aalivaGun. that sounded like
toe talk of a reai Vitro:oats 1 told aim mat A was
strange that an organ.zation of Masson., that number
among its members Jews wno had been Grand Masters,
snoudi be, because 01 quite un-t hrisuan and un-Aasonic
prejud.ce or a few members, be dented the opportunity
to join any Shrine.
I found a communication in my mail entitled "The
Fraternity of K.ndness," and on the margin was written
the worn '•I hougat you mignt like to own a copy of this.
I think It beautuut and true." Whence A came from I
don't know, but it's ratter a sunshiny thing to pass ailing.
A pious nun, I am told, founded tae Fraternity of Kind-
ness. Its rules are:
1—not to THINK unkindly of others.
2—Not to SPEAK unkindly of others, or fir
others.
3—Not to ACT unkindly towards others.
If you du any uf these unkind things you must
(a)—Say a shoot prayer for the victim of our
unkindness.
(b)—Pertorm some act of kindness toward
that person that same day.
Nothing new, of course, but if we THINK about
being Sind often enough we are likely to AC t that way.
The Jew does believe in social justice—not every Jew,
of course, but t ttE JEW. We had examples of it woven
into the fabric ot (Ionian society toe wort! over. Maybe
that's why the Jew is not no popular. 1 am reminded of
this by tne ever-deepening tragedy of unemployment—
merciless mutinies ace inevitathy reducing the number
of jobs—it is toe tragedy of a machine-civilization. So
I am reminded of this statement of Justice Louis Bran-
deis—the Jew again raising his voice in a plea for social
justice.
Said Mr. Brandeis:
For every employe who is "steady in his work"
there shall be steady work. The right to regular-
ity in employment is co-equal wits the mat to
regularity in tne payment of rent, in the payment
of Interest on bonds, in the delivery to custom-
ers of the high quality of product contracted for.
No business is successfully conducted which does
not perform fully trie obligations incident to each
of these rights. Each of these obligations is an
equally affixed charge. No dividend snould be paid
unless each of these fixed charges has been met.
'foe reserve to ensure regularity of employment is
as imperative as one 'reserve for depreciation; and
it is quietly a part of the fixed charges to make the
annual contribution to that reserve. No business
is socially solvent which cannot do so."
I am really surprised at Morris Gest. I always ad-
mired that rakish fedora that he wears, to say nothing
of the artistic cape-coat that he favors along with the
famous Elbert Hubbard Roycroft tie. I have met Morris
on two occasions, once on my way to the "Chauve Souris"
when it first came to this country under his encouraging
influence. He seemed quite Jewish and I never dreamt
that he would bring anything to this country which might
have a definite detrimental effect upon his people. But
one just can't tell about these temperamental artists.
Gest is gritting his teeth and glaring across the ocean
at Louis Marshall and he's going to show him that he
can and will bring the Passion Play to this country. He
dismisses Marshall's carefully worded protest that such
a play would make his people feel uncomfortable and
serve to fan the fires of prejudice, with a lofty gesture
and replies that the first night audiences and newspapers
shall be his critics and not Marshall. All of which shows
that Morris in just a bad little boy after all. What Mr.
Marshall is talking about and what Morris is talking
about are different subjects. Maybe if Rsbbi Wise will
thunder against the Passion Play as he did once before
maybe it will make an imnression on Mr. Gent's thick
skin. I am surprised and disappointed that he would so
far forget himself.
World leadership of Jewry is gradually finding its
place in the United States. The extraordinary progress
of American Jewry during the last three or four decades
has riven it logically a place in the sun. Undoubtedly
the financial status of the American Jew has had most to
do with thin situation. Whether it is Palestine or Rus-
sia the American dollars are eagerly nought by Jews
the world over. Naturally the war ha. twined bring this
ehont eractI• es it hen improved the international posi-
tion of the United States generally. Money, after all.
carries the newer. Eraii•h Jews snv that at one time
rerseented Jewries twined to French and English Jews
for asosistanee, hot now the h,o4n are reached across the
sea. Rut the English Jew still retains great power and
rre.t'ee end he has attained s standing in his own roan-
ten that has never been equalled by the American Jew in
this country.
ri-rw=,- , - Fs7-11:egl:s1.'s1;a4c1=r-Ts9494:zIas1W,Ma:::i:ZIttlF ,T17!, '.FLTM I'L S T - T
sseenWess
A GREAT ARTIST
Victor Chenkin, Appearing in Concert Here, Reveals
His Genius as Singer, Actor, Impersonator
and Mimic.
impersonator, asked far encore after encore fo l
Singer, actor,
partemonist, mimic — these com- lowing this group.
Russian Songs Best.
bined in one describe the genius
But his songs in Russian were
of Victor nenkin, who appeared
in a recital of continental charac- his best. In "I Drink Alone" he
portrayed excellently the Ukrain-
ter songs at Orchestra Hall Sun- ian po.asant who drinks away hi;
day evening.
last penny, is ready in the course
Mr. Chenkin is a great artist, in of his drunkenness to commit any
many respects the greatest of his sin, and upon awakening cries like
kind to appear before a Detroit it baby, b u t feels innocent of any
audience. Ile cam to this city crime. To the Jews in the audi-
unknown, his name strange to the ence, who formed the cost major-
community, but those set' heard ity of those present, there was a
him last Sunday evening have certain naturalness in interpreta-
been 551111 °Vt.r by his genius and tion of the character of the simnle
now undoubtedly swear by hint, Ukrainian who will kill, murder,
at least if we are to judge by the lead in Imams, then awaken from
group of shouting, applauding, drunken stupor and feel innocent.
VI:sting, cheering men and women
"Two Guitars" was another
who refused to leave Orchestra fine song, from the Gypsy grout , ,
Hall Sunday, craving for another which brought forth cheer after
hit of acting, another sound of s1•11c Chenkin's "Yeshche
song.
Raz," meaning "once more,"
Bewitches Hi. Audience.
which closed every stanza in this
Tklire were six grottos of songs song, his artistic hand-wave with
on Mr. Chenkin's repertoire, and every exclamation, actually
in the rouge of the evening lie ap- thrilled.
peared as Gypsy, Italian, Chassid,
A Great Concert.
Ukra,nan, Caucasian and as a
"Fine Wart," in the Caucasian
jester, and he has displayed a ver- group was another fasc i nating
satility and an understanding of song. In the first, the jester's
the various types he has portrayed group, "Rataplan" was among his
which has at mice stamped him as very best. Similarly, "Tarantella"
an excellent artist.
in the Italian group was bewitch-
In his Jewish-Chassidic songs ing.
On the whole it is impossible to
Mr. Chenkin revealed not only an
pick I nc c ng frem ansth•r in
understanding of the type he was
mini eking, but a sympathy as well. quality. East one rendered was
excellent in its own way. The
III the simplicity with which he
pictured his character, the Chas- ossicert in truth. was a I.:•eat treat
sid, he excelled every previous ex- for those present, and it was a
hibition of its kind in this city. sort of deep regret that the audi-
Ile appeared in his Chassidic cos- ence was as small as it W:18. This,
tume, which was a bit too extreme, of course, was due in great meas-
following his recital of the jester's, ure to the fact that Mr. Chenkin
Italian's and Gypsy's songs, and came here so little known. There
his sudden change of voice, • his is reason to hope, however, that
acclimatization to his new charac- he will return to bewitch those
ter, his transformation from one who haven't heard him as he has
extreme of the Gypsy to that of bewitched those who already have.
Yassha Fisherman, at the piano,
the Jew, literally bewitched his
audience. It was nn wonder, was a fine accompanist for Mr.
Chenkin. P. S.
therefore, that he should have been
":4 ;
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Stel
Books and fluthors
The Greatest Noved About
the Great War.
THE CASE OF SERGEANT GRI-
SCHA. By Arnold Zweig. Pub•
lisaed by the Viking Press, 30
Irving Place New York ($2.50).
Termed the greatest novel alma:
the recent World War, "The Case
of Sergeant Grischa" has attract-
ed attention and popularity seldom
rivaled in bookland. Unlike the
average "popular" novel, however,
"err Zweig's book more than de-
serves the large sale. For it is not
only a great novel about the war,
it is one of the finest bosks oif re-
cent years in which human nature
is so well and so artistically por-
trayed.
Ilerr Zweig, who, by the way,
was recently elected president of
the German Authors' Association,
has taken Sergeant Grischa of the
Russian army and has led hint
through a series of experiences
which involved the emotions of
many officers of the German army.
Ile takes us with Grischa as he
escapes from a German prisoners'
camp and leads us through a series
of events in which he is again
caught by the Germans. Ile is
sentenced to death as a deserter
from the Russian army and when
his identitfy is again established
General von Lychow takes an in-
terest in him and strives to have
his sentence revoked, but is over-
ruled by General Schieffenzahn,
his superior officer. This incident,
although unimportant in a war of
the magnitude of the last one, is
developed into a great novel. The
characters around Grischa make
him the symbol of justice, and be-
cause of his innocense he serves
in Zweig's great story as the cen-
ter of the battle for righteous-
ness waged in the ranks of war-
riors even at a time of cruellest
bloodshed.
There
are
several
Jewish
Jewish characters in this novel.
Posnanski, the lawyer of von Ly-
chow's division, is an Orthodox
and observing Jew. It is he who
first sentenced Grischa; it is he
who battles for Grischa's life
when his innocense is established.
assistant, is a
Berth),
poet whose whale soul is inflamed
against the injustice of the entire
procedure. Tawje, the carpenter,
shots Grischa assists while he
awaits news of his fate, is a strong
Jewish character of the ghetto,
who implicitly believes in the
newer of his God to make and to
break, to mould anol to remould.
Cri-cha learns from hint many a
Jewish folktale, and Tawja's pres-
ences in the book is far from being
the least interesting in this vol-
"The Case of Sergeant Grischa"
is one of the most powerful vol-
umes published during the past
year. Both in story and in moral
it is great, and in the study of hu-
man character it is superb. The
Jewish interest in the volume is
enhanced by the introduction of
the characters mentioned. On the
whale it is a volume which this re-
viewer highly recommends.
Mr. Lhevinne Is a Jack of All
Trades.
ARIADNE. By Isadore Lhevinne.
Published by Globus l'ress, 315
Second avenue, New York
(52.50).
The outstanding factor about
this volume is the author himself.
Mr. Lhevinne knows music and
has therefore succeeded in wind-
ing into his story unusual senti-
ments. He is a cartoonist, and he
has ably decorated the book him-
self. And, of course, he is the
author. Two years ago Mr. The-
vinne won fame with his "Leper
Ship." Ile has also gained consid-
erable prominence with his short
stories.
There are some fascinating
pages in "Ariadne," but the fault
with it is that the story lacks con-
viction. Of course there is an
excuse for it because it was writ-
ten by an idealist and visionary,
but it is after all difficult for the
average reader to grasp the visions
as Lhevinne would have as dream
them with him.
"Ariadne" is the story of Via,
a young musician from Russia who
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Gems From Jewish Literature
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Selected by Rabbi Leon Fram.
THE SAYINGS OF GABIROL
"A man said to his friend, 'I
love thee.' The other said, "Why
shouldst thou not love me? Thou
art not of the same trade as my-
self, neither art thou my relative
or neighbor; and I obtain my liv-
ing from others.r 'r
"There are eight who, when men
despise them, have only them-
selves to blame: who attends a
banquet without having been in-
vited; who gives orders in a man's
house in the presence of the own-
er; who seeks honor from his
enemy; who asks a favor of a
mean person; who intervenes in
the affairs of t•n men without their
inviting his intervention; who
slights a king; who occupies a po-
sition for which he is unfitted; and
who tells his tale to a person who
has no desire to listen."
"The sage was asked, 'How can
a man avenge himself on his
enemy?' Ile replied. 'By accumu-
lating additional excellence in him-
self."
"A man condemned his com-
panion because of something he
had heard about him. and the lat-
ter defended himself. 'But was
it not a trustworthy person wh o
told me?' exclaimed the other, 'If
he were a trustworthy person, he
would not have told thee,' was the
retort."
"A certain person talked of his
companion's failings in the pres-
ence of an eminent man. The lat-
ter said to him, 'Thou hest indi-
cated to me how numerous are thy
failings by narrating at length the
failings of another; since he who
searches for the failings of others
does no only in accordance with
his own.'"
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"A man said to his companion,
'I wish to avoid thee, because peo-
ple speak against thee.' He re-
plied. 'Host to heard me sp .ak
against others?' No,' was the re-
ply. 'That being so, avoid those
who speak slander,' he retorted."
"A man came to a sage and said
him, 'Pray on my behalf to thy
God that Ile never make me to
reed anything of my fellowmen.'
He replied. 'It is impossible that
thou shnuldst never hove recoure
to others; but may God never make
thee to require anything of the
worthless among men.'"
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