A merica itwisk Periodical Carter
CLUTCH Arzlwz - CINCINNATI 20, OHIO
PAGE THREE
nE?-),.,RorrjEwis. ROMICIL
ting along, they all ini rmed me that
of the Jewish physicians, retained gical Anatomical Institute at the Uni-
when the million-dollar clubhouse
versity of Vienna. Among his most
some of them as their personal ad-
which is to be built by a group of De-
noteworthy achievements may be
troit men will be completed they look
visers or called them in case of dire
--
mentioned over 800 operations for
for better business conditions. I was
necessity. Thus, Ilenry IV, King of
Castile, 1454, had a Jewish physician caluculus. Ile constructed a carrier Traveler Notices "America for Gee-
informed with pride that Lake Orion
at
Lake
Orion.
tilos' Spirit
is for Americans only and, upon re-
and D o Juan of Arragon had his for drugs for the local treatment of
sight restored by a cataract opera- uretha, established the t Il os(opic
The following story was received plying that I was an American, my
tion performed by Abibar in 1468.i examination and diagnosis, especially
informant went on to say that the
The Jews had in this wise attracted , for tumors, and invented an electrical' by The Detroit Jewish Chronicle from American must also be a Gentile.
great attention and had become duly lamp at the end of the cystoscope in E. Davis, a man who has traveled
"I walked around the lake and saw
ghout
the
world
during
u
ad of the previous platina. Ile I widely thro
whenstead
This lasted till 1181 when
1 ani us .
• ars and who claims the tract upon which the clubhouse
I. il• b being
in a the past eight
•
the Inquisition was introduced with was a prolific writer, a bides
s
in
he has observed particularl y
its subsequent horrors of forced bap- , skillful surgeon.
IPland, Russia and Germany, exam-
I,
tism and stake, eventuating in 14921 Joseph Gruber (18274900) was a
o f vi m ,. pl .s of extreme cruelty to Jewish citi-
in the Edict of Expulsion; which at- graduate of the University
na. Ile progressed gradually until in
fected about 800,000 Jews.
The 15th and 16th centuries were 1893 he because a professor of Sur-
thus black ,pages as far as medical gery at the University of Vienna. Ile
science was concerned. In Italy, where I was the author of many essays and
the Jews had made some progress, works in surgery including a text-
not as much an had been made in book on diseases of the ear.
Aaron Jeiteles (Olmuetz, 1799-1878)
Spain, to be sure, the constant in-
terdictions and Papal bulls did much became in 1835 the professor of Sur..
gical Therapeutics at the University
to retard the normal advance.
This condition obtained until the I of °bouts, his Alma Mater, which
time of Pope Sixtus V, who proved 'p ost he held until 1869. His grand-
more tolerant. They thus began to father, Jonas Jeiteles, had practiced
rise to prominence during the 17th under a special privilege among his
century. Of this new school, as it co-religionists, having been appointed
might be called, special mention must physician to the Jewish Hospital. In
be made of Jacob ben Isaac Zahalon, 1784 he was given license to practice
who was horn in Rome in 1630. Ile medicine and surgery without restric-
devoted most of his time to surgery. tion as to creed.
In London at this time mention is
Let us turn our attention for a mo-
ment to conditions in Germany. The made of only one surgeon of any note,
namely,
Lewis Oppenheim. In Her.
first mention of a Jewish surgeon in
that country was made in 1348, yet lin, however, we find quite a few im-
it seems hardly believable that there portant men.
Julius Wolff (1836-1902) was grad-
should not have been more progress
made. The fact is tliht all through uated from the Berlin University and
Germany medicine in general did not later became one of its surgeons.
flourish in the early days of the de- During the Franco-Prussian War he
velopment of the science. For many was awarded the Iron Cross for non-
years restrictions had beam main- combatants. Ile was, in turn, assist -
tained rather rigidly on the Jews and ant, then full professor at this Alma
since, as we have already s , they Mater. There in 1890 he founded the
were in a large measure leaders in Orthopedic Clinic. Nine years later zens because of their religion. In Po-
the theory and practice of the heal- he was honored by having bestowed land, he said, the slogan was "Poland
ing art, it is conceivable that that , upon him the title of Geheimer Medi- for the Polish;" in Germany, "Kill
mav have been the deciding factor. zinalrat. To his credit as an author the Jews and Help Germany" and in
After the Spanish Inquisition the are over one hundred essays on ortho- Russia, "Kill Jews--Help Russia."
Jews fled into all parts of Europe, pedic surgery.
He continued:
Paul Gueterbock (Berlin, 1844-97)
"When I came to the United States
some landed on German tern o y,
most went to Italy and the north became in 1894 professor of surgery I thought that in reality I had found
in the University of Berlin, and in liberty for all; I could here take a
entral
countries.
In
Germany
they
c
were allowed to stay only a short 1896 he was also honored by being true and enjoyable vacation day. I
while. Here, as in Spain and subse- appointed Geheimer Medizinalrat. chose Lake Orion, about 35 miles
His special surgical province was male from Detroit, a beautiful lake arti-
quently in France, when they
started the nuclei, as it were, for 1 genital diseases, to the literature of ficially made and inclosing 21 small
medical training and practice, their which he contributed several text• hills as islands. I noticed that peo-
ple were talking about a great reli-
expulsion began. So in 1614, the books.
David Haussman (Berlin• 1839-95) gious conference and the town was
Jews were duly expelled from Frank-
fort-an-Main. This did not last long was a captain-surgeon during the covered with signs advertising a
and soon the gradual return of the Prussian War. His special contribu- 'Union Church Meeting.'
"Upon asking some of the business
Jews to a semblance of their former lions were in the domain of Gyne-
selves was seen. In Western Europe cology, Surgery and Embryology, men in the town how they were get.
this was accomplished at the time of which articles he contributed regular-
the French Revolution. ly to the principal journals in Ger-
many.
Let us go back for a moment then
Among the great surgeons of Conti-
and see what was the state of affairs.
With very few exceptions the Jewish nental Europe who are now living, the
practitioner of 1495-1800 did not ex- following may be mentioned.
Adam Politzer, born 1835, is a
cel. Very few left important medi-
cal works. They suffered with their widely known aural surgeon, who in
1895
became professor of Aural Sur-
brethren expulsion from many coun-
tries. The universities were closed gery in the University of Vienna. He
has
one
of the best arranged ana-
e
to them, and popes and princes alik
issued edicts and bulls against them. tomical and pathological museums of
aural
surgical
work in the world.
Still mention must be made of at least
Marc See, born 1827, became in
one man in the seventeenth century,
1875
professor
of Anatomy at the Sor-
viz., Roderige de Castro, who was at
one time a great Gynecologist and bonne, Paris. After the battle of
Beaumont, he reported 1,200 wounded
Jurisprudist.
cases under the title "Researches on
We now approach the eighteenth
the Anatomy and Physiology of the
century, where conditions have taken
a decided change, not sudden to be Heart."
Of Russian physicians there is no
sure, but of such a nature as to sug- adequate report, at least insofar as
gest an atavistic return to Medieval
their individual work is concerned .
brilliancy. I will present a few Of the
However, this much is known that be
men who lived in the period under fore the Great War, there were in
consideration.
• Kurland, one of the main cities o f
Michaelangelo Asson was born in midwestern Russia, 19 2-10 per cent
Venice in 1802 and became the lead- Jews among the physicians o f
ing surgeon in nothern Italy. Dur- city. Now let us turn our attention
ing the cholera epidemic of 1835, he finally to our own country. Although
organized an auxiliary hospital to take there are records of Jewish physi-
care of the victims. Later he founded cians in the early settlements of the
the Municipal Hospital and in 1840 seventeenth century, not much prog-
became its chief surgeon. He was ress was made and the first name of
a prolific writer, over a hundred any great importance is that of Isaac
books and essays having appeared Hays, 1796-1879. The life of flays
under his name. In 1863, when the would make a good subject for a whole
Municipal Hospital in Venice erected essay in itself. However, I shall
the new Medical and Surgical School, point out only a few salient ea urea
he was made professor o f
of his very active life. He was a sue-
t He k
Leopold von Dittell (Vienna, 1815 -
eon of quite some note and
wa
ans
Rokit-Ig • ve part i n he Civil War.
studied
under
Slade
and
acti ot
98),
anski. In 1865 he became assistant a very scholarly' writer and during
professor of the Allgemeinen Kran- 'his day he was the editor of the Amer-
kcnhaus. He was founder of the Sur- ican Journal of Medical Sciences, the
oldest medical journal in the United
States.
Coming down to our own time, there
is a list of surgeons much too long
to burden you with in thin article. A
50—or
recent report fixes the number of
prominent Jewish physicians at up-
wards of 200, but that is counting
only those who hold official positions
in colleges and universities. There
is hardly an important medical cen-
ter in the United States or the conti-
nent, where Jewish surgeons do not
rank among the hig,hest, Among these
the
mention may be made of the follow-
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was to be built. In a prominent plaes
was the sign, which is reproduced
here, with the notation, Gentiles
Only.' In my mind I saw the signs
in Germany, Poland and the other Eu-
ropean countries and found, to my
great surprise, that this poison had
also spread to America, the 'land of
the free.' The air is closed for us
in this great country also, the
try where they proclaim liberty for
all, for all and from all."
coun-
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ing men:
Lewis W. Steinbach was, until the
time of his death, in 1920, profes-
sor of Clinical and Operative Surgery
at the Philadelphia Polyclinic.
In New York City alone there are
at least a dozen very prominent Jew-
ish surgeons, among whom may be
mentioned Albert A. Berg, Theodore
Zlum, Charles Goodman, P. W. Na-
than, Willy Meyer, professor of New
York Post-graduate School, and Alexis
Victor Moscheowitz, clinical professor
of Surgery at the College of l'hysi-
cians and Surgeons.
In Chicago, Daniel Nathan Eisen-
, drath, professor of Clinical Surgery
at Rush Medical College, and Joseph
B. DeLee, founder and medical direc-
tor of the Lying-In hospital. Both
I these stand at the very highest ranks
in their respective fields.
To jump to our Western coast, two
men of note must be mentioned—Pro-
fessor Leo Elsesser and Professor H.
Blum of Leland Stanford University.
In the South we have Maximilian
Coltman, professor of aural surgery
at the University Of Tennessee. Vir-
gil Loeb, professor of St. Louis Uni-
versity, and Ernest Sachs, professor
of Clinical Surgery at Washington
University. It is of interest to note
that Dr. Sachs held the first profes-
sorship in Neurological Surgery in
any American University.
In Baltimore, several names stand
out prominently, among whom are
Professor - M. Rosenthal and Bertram
Moses Bernheim. The latter is noted
especially for his work in blood
transfusion and surgery of blood ves-
sels.
Finally, in Philadelphia, we may
mention Drs. Lewis Fisher and Henry
Dintenfass, both professors of Otol-
ogy, Postgraduate School of the Uni-
versity of Philadelphia. and Doctors
William H. Teller and Leon Brink-
man of the Jewish Hospital.
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