PAGE FIVE
THE DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE
ANTIQUITY OF
JEWS IN RUSSIA
III.) who, because he tried to neu- in the Crimea in Hebrew. At that
tralize the evil effects of the church age no non-Jews in Russia dreamed
decree, is known as the "King of the it studying Hebrew. In the begin-
Serfs and the Jews." Yet, in spite of ning of the seventeenth century Mos-
the oppressive, combative, and quar- cow chroniclers complain that the
(Continued From Page Four.'
relsome licentious Pans and church- country is so overrun by Poles,
men. Polish Jews carried on their Lithuanians, heretics and sews that
claim that these coins show that (I)
shoulders the economic and financial there was no room for the native
Jews lived in Poland prior to the in-
burdens of the country. Poland was
a land of serfs and nobles, and had
her real business been left to the
nobility, their thriftlessness, flight-
iness, haughty incompetence, and un-
restrained hot temper, relieved now
troduction of Christianity; and (2)
that Jews were in charge of the
mints. Some inscriptions are in He-
brew, reading "Rejoice Abraham,
Isaac, and Jacob!' Some claim that
Russians.
In Novgorod, Jews must have come
with the streams of traders that visit-
ed the huge fairs there. Novgorod be-
longed to the Hanseatic League and
i;
and then by flashes of aimless mag- Jews must have settled there at a
very early period. Already in 1471
nanimity—had it been left to them to
conduct the business of the country, appeared what is known in Russian
they would have stranded it long be- history as the "Zhidovstyuyushcaya
fore they did. Jews acted as the Yeres" (the Jewish Heresy). It
was brought about by the ar-
financiers and traders of Poland and
enemy territory!' At that early pe- held her together as long as they rival of a Jew named Skhariah
in the suite of Michael Olechovich.
riod we find laws passed distinctly could.
referring to Jews. One penalizes the
He converted the monk Dionis, thus
The first arrival of Jews into the causing untold misery to future
breaking of windows in synagogues.
In the same century the church ap- Baltic provinces is equally difficult Israel in Russia. For Jews were tor-
pears on the stage with its medieval to ascertain. The Baltic provinces tured for the "offense" of Dionis up
program of extermination. At a coun- had been part of Lithuania for many to the beginning of the nineteenth
cil held at Breslau in 1266 under the centuries. When the Livonian Order century.
chairmanship of the papal legate of the Knights of the Sword chose
This is but a brief survey of the
Guido, the first ghetto was created these lands as a "Vineyard of the antiquity of Jews in Russia. One
Lord," we begin to hear of Jews.
in Poland. This is part of the de
fact, however, must be bottle in mind.
tree: "Since Poland has but lately Cross in one hand and cutlass its the The vast majority of Russian Jews
joined the fold of the Christian other, they began to exterminate the are not Russian, strictly speaking.
church . . . and its inhabitants will inhabitants who would not embrace They are Lithuanian and
Polish, each
therefore more easily yield to the Christianity. The whole work was a separate group. But at the union
prejudices and evil habits of their Jew- carried on with the bloody ardor and of Poland and Lithuania through the
ish neighbors, we therefore emphatic. tuthless destruction characteristic of marriage of Jadwiga, queen of Po-
ally decree that Jews living in the medieval converts. A great part of land. to Janiello. duke of Lithu-
bishopric of Gnesen shall live sep- the inhabitants was exterminated root ania (1386), the Jews under the two
arately in some portion of their re- and branch. Of course, Jews suffer- kinixdoin, were united. Then Jews
spective towns or villages. The quar- ' ed, and suffered horribly. One of the became Russian subjects at the par-
ter in which the Jews reside shall be, minor decrees passed against them tition of Poland in the second half
divided from the section inhabited 1 reads: ''For the glory of God and of the eighteenth century, Catherine
by the Christians by a fence, or wall,1 the Virgin Mary, whose servants we II., in whose domain the greater part
or ditch." The same document fur- 1 are, we decree that no Jew, necro- of Poland's Jews now found itself,
thee restricts Jews from owning real mancer, magician, or waydealer" was actuated by western ideas and
estate, from appearing in the streets (pagan priest) "shall live in this coun- she treated them more tolerantly.
during church processions, and or- try, and that every one sheltering one An edict promulgated by her through
ders that they wear a particular kind of such, shall suffer with
the Governor-(.enecal Chernyshov,
From Poland and Lithuania Jews reads in part:
of a cap to distinguish them from
the rest of the inhabitants. It for- spread to that part of Russia center-
"Religious liberty and inviolability
bids Christians, under penalty of ex- ing round Moscow. There must have
•omnuinication, to invite Jews to been Jews in Moscow sometime in of property are hereby guaranteed to
all
subjects of Russia and certainly
heir festivals. In the fourteenth cell- the fifteenth century. For Ivan III.
ury there is already a king (Casimir (1440-1505) corresponded with a Jew to the Jews also, for the humanitarian
principles of her Majesty do not per-
Jews came into Poland in company
with the evangelical expeditions of
Charlemagne (741-814). In the thir-
teenth century Jews are already
equipped with a charter, or as one
historian calls it, "A safe conduct in
• •
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Crystal Ice Co., Ltd. In' ■
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Branch Yard—Warren Ave. and P. M. R. R.
N 34
We can make immediate de-
livery of a limited number of
Nlarmon Limousines and Town
Cass.
mit the exclusion of Jews alone from
favors shown to all, so long as they,
like faithful subjects, continue to em-
ploy themselves as hitherto in com-
merce and handicrafts, each accord-
ing to his vocation."
The most humiliating oppression
came in the nineteenth century, but
With the fall of the Rontanoffs all the
legalized injustice and exasperating
disabilities were effaced with a single
stroke.
WILL DANCE FOR JEWISH
DAY NURSERY SATURDAY
W. D. BLOCK MOTOR CO.
1225 Woodward (Near Palmer)
a
Market 612.
• • •
Grand Repiele-200 State St.
•
rimmuss... ■■ ...........•.•.....•oussommil
'
WYLVA
"1" 1264 4ii I
ETON Co
5'
105 Washington Blvd.
At the Stotler
The Popular
“Brogue"
Oxford
for Boys
Miss Bessie Knoppow
Who will give a Gypsy dance at the
entertainment and dance to be given
by the Detroit Jewish Day Nursery,
Juniors, at the Detroit Federation of
Women's Clubs, Hancock and Second
avenues, Saturday evening at 8
o'clock, June 19.
Very serviceable and
stylish. They come in
Scotch Grain Tan Leath-
er. Exceptional values on
OW Second Floor, at
VICTIM OF HIS NAME
$10
sad T an
Oxfords $8 and $9
You Never Pay More At Canton's1
BLTDAPEST—While Police In-
spector Roszner was taking his wife
home from a sanitarium in the fans
ly automobile, the machine was
stopped by military officers, who
asked the occupants for their name
and vocation. Because his name
sounded Jewish to the officers, Herr
Roszner was severely beaten and his
wife was hurled out of the automobile
to the ground. The unfortunate
woman had to be taken hack to the
hospital, and it is doubtful w:.ether
she will survive the concussion.
The Chief Rabbi of Turkey, Nahum
Effendi, has resigned in consequence
of a divergence of views with the
Porte with reference to the participa-
tion of Jews of foreign nationality
in the elections among the local Jew-
ish community, to which the Porte
objected, but which the Chief Rabbi
upheld.
LOU
GOLDBERG
OPTOMETRISTS
Eyes Examined and
GI
Mad
245 GRISWOLD ST.
Telephone Main 453
HE new third lever, illustrated on the
quadrant above, so far as the operator
is concerned, is all them is to Premier's Cutler-
Hammer MagneticGearShift. No other car
in existence poiresses this advantage; neither
does any car possess Premier's distinctive
aluminum motor feature.
se
HOTEL FRANKLIN
Comfort and Sande'
Corner Lamed and Bates Streets
One block from Electric Dope;
DETROIT, MICH.
Rates Single-91.50 to $2.50.
GORDON MOTOR SALES CO.,
Northwny 4712
1000 NN outward
EMIER
.
• ll/IJIML/04
1 ' .91 I •
• s
Attractive
WHITE
Footwear
Your attention is directed
to our ability, to fulfill your
white footwear needs.
To the left are illustrated
and priced three of the sea-
son's smartest styles. Both
Oxfords and Pumps are here
in great variety arid each is
modeled in just the proper
material fur its greatest
beauty and utility---he it kid,
reignskin or nu-Luck.
Their value is instantly
apparent. See them.
White Silk
HOSIERY
Quality is paramount at
reasonable prices its the hose
shown at this shop—and the
Hosiery Dept. is conv,•Ment-
ly located just within the
entrance.
Ben Canvasser
Kosher Meat Market
215 Woodward Ave.
Fish Market
Reasonable Prices
1159 HAMILTON BOULEVARD
5.
I
Queen Quality
Boot Shop
Fresh Poultry—Meats
-.fm MAPPIKVIC "AR .8410•
UNUSUALLY
•