THE DETROIT EWISH CHRONICLE
PAGE FOUR
ROGRESSIVE WORLD STRUGGLE IN
OF THE JEWS FOR CIVIL EQUALITY
LEMEN
WE OWN AND OFFER FOR SALE
(Continued From Page Two.)
down on their heads persecutionl
which were directed nominally
saved by their own inner life, pure
against both Jews and Christians,
home life, idealism of the synagogue,
but the severities of which the Jews
and belief in ultimate Messianic re-
were able to escape.
demption' from utter demoralization
The result of this situation in
and despair."
Rome and elsewhere placed the Jews
Jews Granted Full Freedom by
at a great disadvantage when the
Saracens.
Roman Empire became Christian
From Pumbedith and Sura, in under Constantine, and from that
Babylonia, in the eleventh century, time on, in one form or another, we
the seat of Jewish ecclesiastical au- find constant Christian persecution
thority seems to have passed to Spain, of the Jews.
where, under the Saracens in Cordova
In the long, dark Jewish night, L
and Toledo and Granada, the Jews after Christianity became the creed
were given full freedom and scope of the Roman emperors, down to the Ea
for their activities and for the prac- nineteenth century, there were only
tice of their religion, and for the fur- two or three countries and compara-
ther discussion of the Jewish faith tively short periods in which the
Jews enjoyed tolerance, prosperity,
and philosophy.
The two Talmuds are verY'volum- and power and were able to develop
Mous, and in the centuries after their the genius of their race.
In the eighth century Charlemagne,
issue their legal contents were digest-
«1 and condensed into more usable correctly estimating their value as
form for daily consultation and use. subjects of his empire, granted them a
From time to time philosophers and tolerance in religion and encouraged
leaders of Jewish thought appeared. them in the development of a trade
Philo of Alexandria, Nlaimonides which greatly helped his empire and
of Spain and Moses Mendelssohn made many of them rich merchants.
were the three great lights, the first The fact that there were Jewish com-
in the beginning of the Christian era, munities in every great commercial
the second in the Middle Ages, and center, even of the most distant parts,
the third in the eighteenth century gave them a marked facility in con-
and late enough to furnish the type ducting international trade. Charle-
to Lessing for what that wonderful magne's son and successor, Louis the
Pious, continued his father's wise and
character of Nathan der Wiese.
False Messiahs appeared and mis- kindly treatment of them.
led many to their sorrow. Mysticism
The Jews Flourished in Spain.
played its part and hooks promoting
A little earlier than Charlemagne
it were written, causing protest and the Moslem invasion of Spain in 711
controversy. Commentaries were established the Crescent in the pen-
published by some Jewish leaders of insula. Arabian and African Jews,
thought which were pronounced here- who after the persecution of them
tical by others. Spinoza, the great by
Mahom•t and Omar, had ingra-
t
philosopher. was excommunicated by bated
tiated themselv es with their succes-
the Dutch rabbis.
sors and had been given opportunity
But in spite of these differences, for education and development, ac-
constantly during the seventeen cen- companied the Sarracens into Spain
turies of gloom and woe, somewhere and there met their brethren, who
in the world was a religious center had been greatly abused by the Visi-
of Jewish authority to which Israel goths and who were only too glad
turned for hope and inspiration.
to unite in aiding the following of
The strictly orthodox Jews have the Prophet to establish a kingdom.
always adhered closely to the rabbin-
There they developed trade, poetry,
ical law of the Talmud, but under the philosophy, science, and literature
influence of Mendelssohn and the and art. They became ministers of
leadership of other liberals among his the government and its represent a-
successors a division occurred, and tives abroad. The kindly Saracenic
there arose a liberal and reformed soil for their growth gave a full de-
school among them, which grew in velopment to the race, and the Span-
number as the conditions for their ish, or Sephardic, Jews were fine
assimilation with the local environ- specimens of physical and intellect-
ment became more favorable and ual manhood. They became in a
they were relieved from the forced way the aristocracy of the house of
exclusiveness and misery of the Israel.
Ghetto.
This favorable condition continued
Two Jewish Tongues.
until the reconquest of Spain by the
The speech of the Jew's has had Christians began, and lasted in les-
an interesting history. Hebrew, Ara- sening degree to the expulsion of
maic, Greek, Arabic, and all Euro- the Moors from Granada, in the fif-
pean languages were from time to teenth century.
Meantime every great upheaval
time spoken by them. Finally, in
their wanderings, there grew tip two seemed to increase Jewish persecu-
hybrid mediums—one the Yiddish, or tion and Jewish misery.
The First Crusade, in 1016, which
Jargon, and the other the Ladino.
The former, which has an extensive developed such wonderful religious
spirit
in the middle and upper classes,
literature, is based on the medieval
German, but is written in the Hebrew led the scum and the rabble to a per-
characters and is mixed with Hebrew secution of the Jews. This recurred
and influence by the vernacular. It in the Second Crusade, in 1446.
is used by the Ashkenazim, or Ger- Massacres of the Jews Under the
man Jews of northern and eastern
Plantagenets.
Europe.
A cruel massacre of the Jews oc-
The latter, the Ladino, or Spamol, curred in 1189 in England. at the
Detroit, Mich.
is Spanish in its basis and mixed with I time of the coronation of Richard I,
Phone Cadillac 4980
Hebrew and Turkish. It is used by- y although the king favored them and
the Sephardim, or the Spanish Jews, they had acquired a hold in England
and has been carried by them to to such an extent that there had
Africa, Turkey, Bulgaria, Serbia, and been established a Jewish exchequer.
:
1.Y.4(
-
Greece. where Jews had to register all their
110:::4111K Alt. :: •• • . :.<•:. I ii:€.>:,.>•"<4.. ..*:€K.:
:0 :0 411K.07111SAIDC)611().:119(
‘ 4 4.
,
0 Recurring now to the history of transactions and through which the
19
Phone: West 1378 * the race after the second dispersion: financial troubles of the Plantagenets
( i
In Rome, after the Christian era, were greatly remedied by Jewish
J. Caplan, President
Jews and Christians flocked in great gold. They were, however, expelled
.,,,
•
*
tie
numbers. In the chaos of skepticism. in 1290 from England by Edward I, it
religious, and philosophies, there was is said at the instance of the Queen
a cult among sonic of the Romans Mother Eleanor, whose religious in-
that led them to embrace Judaism; tolerance could not brook their pres-
but generally the Jews were exclu- once.
sively unexpansive, and contemptu.
The Fourth Lateran Council, under
oats of other religions. They were Innocent III, among many anti-Jew-
especially , hostile to the Christians, ish measures, required Jews to wear
whom they regarded as traitors to a dress or badge indicating their race.
their race for failing them in the Soon after in all the cities of Europe
wars of Vespasian and Titus, and they were compelled to live in a par-
whom they did not hesitate to accuse Ocular quarter surrounded by walls
of many shortcomings in order to and were locked in at night. Hem-
stir up Roman hostility against them. med in and congested in these
A
The Long, Dark Night of Jewish ghettos, the Jewry of Europe lived
(Incorporated)
out their painful lives until the middle
History.
century.
The Christians differed from the of the eighteenth century.
Formerly
expelled the
St. Louis of I:
Jews in that they were most active
(Continued On Page Five.)
Monroe Sheet Metal and Roofing Co.
missionaries, and they thus brought
Grant Iron
and Metal
Company
1822 Dime Bank
Building
Extends to its friends the greet-
ings of the season and wishes
them a happy and prosperous
$250,000
The CHAS. B. BOHN FOUNDRY CO.
DETROIT, MICH.
7% Cumulative Preferred Stock
Participating with Common Stock up to In.. per annum.
Tax Exempt and Non. sssss able.
Par Value $100, Price $103 to Yield 8.71%.
As the Common atm& now pays 10'; and earnings are not only sufficient to
Wt, the preferred rate of 10',. is assured.
naintain, but it. TC:1,t
a
Capitalization $1,000,000
The
5198.000
$500.050
Common Stock (par value 8100).
Preferred Stock (par value &M)
500,000
500,000
Company has no bonded indebtedness
ponary en. make alontinton, brass and bro. raating
her Chas. II. Bolin FI
for the utomobile, motor, trartor and allied intiostrie,
The •oinpany's principal outlets for products td montlfacture are
Hudson
Continental
Cadillac
Ford
Ford Tractor
Studebaker
Packard
Buick
Lincoln
. It buildings and provide new equipmen t
ustsl to enlarge I
This issue will
capacity of 1,000,000 pounds of rattling, per month I,
to increase the preset °
2,000,000 pound. per month.
Current Assets are $1,633,54.1.13, or $3.:4 per share of the preferred stock.
Total asset., $494 per share total preferred stock issue.
$1,(/011011) approsimate 5600.000, or SIX
Presentearnings on capitalization of
tones dividend requirement with common and preferred stock on lir; basis.
, and as to Hour
This preferred stock is safrguaideil as to mortgaging of aa•er
of additional preferred stock.
Woods, Swan & Edwards Co.
Members Detroit Stock Exchange
310 Congress Bldg.
Main 6020
Detroit, Mich.
;:j
002200.20 12101
New Year
5680 - 1919
D. Karle Company
SODA FOUNTAINS
Carbonators, Tables and Chairs, Stools
Crushed Fruits and Syrups, Supplies
Steam Tables, Coffee Urns
THE MINNESOTA MUTUAL LIFE
INSURANCE COMPANY
221-227 Monroe Ave.
takes pleasure in announcing the appointment of
BENJAMIN JACOBSON
Detroit Branch Office, with headas General Agent for the
quarters at—
Suite 520 Dime Bank Building
■
Monroe Sheet Metal
,
and Welding Co.
MANUFACTURERS OF
t WILLIAM B. FROTHINGHAM
Sheet Metal Work of All Descriptions
f
"Get Acquainted With Us"
Hartwick Lumber
Company
Wholesale and Retail
Market Gt-tit
I I ickory :1:1;0
OPTOMETRIST—OPTICIAN
ra
Experts in Heating and Ventilating Ducts
Boiler Breethings and Stacks
403 Fisher Arcade
ti
Office Hours: 9 A. M. to 12 M.-2 P. M. to 4 P. M.
We Manufacture
Welded Products of
Steel, Brass and Copper
Such as
Compressed Air Lines
Exhaust Hoods and Pipes
Blow Pipes
Dust Separators
Boiler Breechings
GREETINGS OF THE
SEASON
Acetylene Cutting
and Brazing
KRAWITZ & WACHEER
cw S.— e-s—t—
X SE• .
;
o7.,
Jefferson Ave. Yard
197 Clay Ace.
Jefferson & Des Ter. E.
9—'9—*-0—.)-4-4.--0-4-0-4'
MAIN OFFICE. CLAY AVENUE & G. T. R. R.
Cherry 2898
503 Liggett Building
553 MYRTLE STREET
Clay Ave. Yard
TELEPHONE MAIN 1402
Other Hours by Appointment
Stacks, Steel 'ranks
Steel Cabinets
We Specialize in Welding
Without Removal
Heavy Castings, Boilers
Shafting, Engines
Presses and All Other
Difficult Welding
High Grade Jewelry
—0?-0.— 4.— 4,- 4-4,--
MARKET 685.
4,
Lumber, Lath, Shingles
Interior Finish and Special Mill Work