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Thursday, October 18, 2018 — 3

computer science, including 
the invention of dynamic 
instruction scheduling, a 
method in which computer 
hardware 
can 
issue 

instructions out of order, 
as well as pioneering the 
revolution in very large-
scale integration design.

Many 
years 
prior 
to 

joining University faculty 
in 1985, Conway worked at 
IBM Research, where she 
was fired when she began 
her gender transition. After 
retiring from the University 
in 1998, Conway started 
publicly 
discussing 
her 

transgender 
history 
and 

has worked for the past 20 
years to protect and expand 
the rights of transgender 
people.

Nabel, 
president 
of 

Brigham 
Health 
and 

professor of medicine at 
Harvard Medical School, 
has also been recommended 
to 
receive 
an 
honorary 

Doctor of Science degree. 
Nabel 
was 
previously 

worked at the University 
Medical School and was 
named 
director 
of 
the 

Cardiovascular 
Research 

Center in 1992. She was 
appointed 
Michigan 

Medicine’s 
chief 
of 

cardiology in 1997 and was 
the first woman to fill the 
role.

As 
a 
renowned 

biomedical 
researcher, 

Nabel 
has 
focused 
her 

research on furthering the 
understanding of the genetic 
causes 
of 
cardiovascular 

diseases. She has authored 
over 250 articles, holds 17 
patents and served as the 
director of the National 
Heart, Lung, and Blood 
Institute at the National 
Institutes of Health.

Dove, 
a 
Pulitzer 

Prize-winning 
poet, 
is 

scheduled to receive her 

Doctor of Fine Arts at 
Winter 
Commencement. 

Dove 
joined 
University 

of 
Virginia 
faculty 
in 

1989 and is currently a 
commonwealth 
professor 

of English. She was named 
U.S. poet laureate in 1993, 
the second woman, first 
African 
American 
and 

youngest person to carry 
the title ever.

Former 
President 
Bill 

Clinton awarded Dove the 
National Humanities Medal 
in 1996 and former President 
Barack Obama presented 
her with the National Medal 
of Arts in 2011. She is one 
of only four authors to ever 
receive both awards.

Hackett is set to receive 

his 
honorary 
Doctor 
of 

Laws 
degree. 
Hackett 

received his Bachelor of 
General Studies in 1977 
and played football under 
coach 
Bo 
Schembechler. 

After graduation, he worked 
for and eventually became 
president 
and 
CEO 
of 

Steelcase Inc., making him 
one of the youngest CEOs 
of a Fortune 500 company. 
After retiring from this 
position in 2014, Hackett 
became 
the 
University’s 

interim athletic director. 
Hackett 
began 
his 
16 

month-tenure in 2014, and 
oversaw new branding for 
the department following 
scandals surrounding the 
departure of predecessor 
Dave 
Brandon. 
He 

negotiated the University’s 
largest apparel contract ever 
with Nike and hired football 
coach Jim Harbaugh. He 
and his wife Kathy continue 
to support the University 
through two endowments 
for Public Policy students 
and donations to programs 
at the University Depression 
Center.

 The four individuals are 

scheduled to receive their 
honorary degrees on Dec. 16 
at the Crisler Center.

GRADUATES
From Page 1

the future generations.

“One thing you see happen 

is that in societies where you 
have smaller family sizes and 
population growth is chiefly 
coming from net migration, 
those 
societies 
are 
often 

societies where you don’t see 
the same level of enthusiasm 
in the idea of investing in the 
next generation,” Salam said.

A 2016 report by National 

Academics, on the other hand, 
found children of immigrants 
contribute 
more 
to 
state 

fiscal coffers than do other 
native-born Americans, while 
immigrants make up roughly 
14 percent of annual economic 
output. 

Salam claimed issues of 

social 
mobility, 
instability 

created 
by 
populism 
and 

ethnic inequality would be 
exacerbated by open border 
immigration policy. He said 
when immigrants first come to 
the U.S., they largely become 
a part of the working class, 
which can create feelings of 
isolation and anger.

“If you are increasing the 

number of folks who are 
vulnerable to technological 
displacement or competition, 
you’re then creating a class of 
people who have every reason 
to believe that they’re being 
cheated by the system,” Salam 
said.

To face these challenges, 

Salam wants to put in place 
an immigration policy that 
favors 
skilled 
immigrants, 

thus 
tightening 
the 
labor 

market 
for 
lower-skilled 

workers and giving them more 

opportunities.

“Given those challenges, 

it makes sense in the future 
to say let’s have a skills-
based immigration policy, in 
which we prioritize people 
who will be able to provide 
for 
themselves 
and 
their 

families,” Salam said.

In response to a question 

about how law enforcement 
should work at the border, 
Salam emphasized his belief 
that immigration policy goes 
beyond what happens at the 
border. One point he made 
was many people who want to 
emigrate to the U.S. have no 
means to do so.

“Dealing with the situation 

reactively – we are just going 
to react to the people who 
show up at the border – does 
not actually deal with the 
underlying crisis,” Salam said. 
“And the underlying crisis 
is a crisis of public security, 
that there are hundreds of 
thousands of people who are 
in no position to move.”

A Diag demonstration last 

week by the Latinx Alliance for 
Community Action, Support 
and 
Advocacy 
criticized 

inhumane enforcement at the 
borders. 

“There 
(are) 
people 
in 

Central America and all of 
these countries struggling and 
trying to come to the U.S. for 
more educational, economic 
opportunities, and who are 
facing violence, persecution in 
their communities...especially 
in interactions when it comes 
to border patrol,” LSA senior 
Yezenia Sandoval said last 
Tuesday.

Salam’s 
talk 
drew 
a 

number of people, including 
Engineering junior Naman 
Shah, an international student 

from Singapore. Shah came to 
Salam’s talk because he was 
curious about how people feel 
about immigration in the U.S., 
as Singapore is dealing with 
similar issues.

“I was invited by a friend, 

and immigration is a topic that 
we’re facing as well, so I’m 
just interested to hear another 
view on it from another 

country where the norms are 
different, 
the 
expectations 

are different,” Shah said.

IMMIGRATION
From Page 1

PRISON CRE ATIVE ARTS PROJECT

DANYEL THARAKAN/Daily

Artist Martin Vargas speaks about his art at the opening reception for his solo gallery “Painting His Way Home” at the Detroit Street Filling 
Station Wednesday. Martin is a self-taught artist who spent 45 years in prison. His work has been displayed at the Annual Exhibition of Art by 
Michigan Prisoners for the past 23 years and one of his works was acquired by Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor. 

as well as chemical and 
automotive engineers to 
the process of how these 
fuels will be created and 
utilized in the modern 
world. 
Cardinale 
said 

though other groups are 
researching 
this 
issue, 

different 
factors 
make 

their project unique.

“There’s 
two 
things 

that are unique about our 
project,” Cardinale said. 
“We are one of two, maybe 
three, universities in the 
world that have experts 
from the biologists from 
the chemical engineers to 
the automotive engineers 
that 
all 
work 
together 

in a unified sequence to 
grow algae in literally an 
open pond to putting it in 
an engine to determine 
whether 
or 
not 
we’ve 

designed them properly.”

The 
project 
initially 

began back in 2016 with 
funding 
from 
MCubed, 

an 
organization 
that 

gives funding to various 
research 
projects 
and 

ideas. This initial project 
led to a $2.5 million dollar 
grant from the National 
Science Foundation, and 
eventually 
allowed 
for 

the recent Department of 
Energy grant. Cardinale 
said he attributes much of 
the success of the project to 
the MCubed group.

“(The 
research 
team) 

would have never worked 
together, never even talked, 
I mean we’re not even on 
the same campus, and if 
it wasn’t for the MCubed 
getting us together for 
some 
preliminary 
data, 

we’d never have gotten 
$4.5 million in grants,” he 
said.

With 
the 
intent 

of 
working 
on 
an 

environmentally-conscious 
source 
of 
fuel, 
Andre 

Boehman, 
mechanical 

engineering 
professor 

and research team leader, 
said the recent reports 
by 
the 
United 
Nations 

Intergovernmental 
Panel 

on 
Climate 
Change 

reminded him of what the 
team is working for.

“Now we have a chance 

to make significant strides 
to improve sustainability 
transportation, and that’s 
really one of our major 
goals, 
is 
to 
make 
the 

transportation sector more 
sustainable,” 
Boehman 

said. “Since this weekend 
when the latest U.N. report 
from the climate change 
panel came out, things are 
accelerating it seems. The 
models which have said, 
‘Oh, you’re overpredicting,’ 
these 
dire 
predictions, 

things are actually worse, 
and they are getting worse 
faster, we have to act.”

LSA 
freshman 
Madi 

Foster said she is glad 
to see the school taking 
steps 
towards 
global 

sustainability.

“I 
feel 
like, 
overall, 

everyone should be doing 
more 
research. 
This 
is 

nice, but I feel like it’s a 
stepping 
stone,” 
Foster 

said. “Obviously our earth 
is getting worse from our 
inaction, but I think it’s 
good that we’re making 
these 
steps 
because 
it 

will lead to more action 
and eventually turn back 
climate change instead of 
making things worse.”

With the new funding, 

the team hopes to have 
this version of the project 
begin at the start of 2019, 
according to Boehman.

“The big thing is getting 

swift and effective launch 
of the project, and one of 
the things we’re working 
on right now is completing 
necessary paperwork for 
the launch of the project,” 
Boehman said. “We hope 
the project will officially 
be in place by Jan. 1.”

ALGO-FUELS
From Page 1

administration to demonstrate 
adequate cause for sanctions 
“in a hearing of record before 
an elected faculty body.” In 
an interview with The Daily 
on 
Wednesday, 
Tiede 
said 

the University had not yet 
responded to the letter.

“The reason I pointed to the 

severity of the punishment 
is 
that 
we 
do 
recognize 

that minor sanctions, such 
as a letter of reprimand, 
can be imposed without a 
full hearing. The ‘due’ part 
in due process is always 
relative to the severity of the 
punishment,” 
Tiede 
said. 

“But a major sanction, and 
what I was appealing to in 
the letter was that I think 
most people would consider 
being ineligible for a merit 
increase and ineligible for a 
sabbatical for some period of 
time to be not akin to a letter 
of reprimand but to have 
material consequences.”

The 
premise 
of 
the 

standards, Tiede said, was that 
faculty are “better qualified” 
than 
administrators 
to 

determine 
“whether 
a 

particular action of a faculty 
member was a proper exercise 
of academic freedom or was 
not.”

In the open letter addressed 

to Cole, graduate students 
from the University expressed 

their support for Cheney-
Lippold and Peterson, writing 
the 
University’s 
response 

had 
also 
been 
politically 

motivated.

“The university president’s 

statement declares that ‘U-M 
strongly opposes a boycott of 
Israeli academic institutions, 
and 
no 
school, 
college, 

department or unit at our 
university endorses such a 
boycott,’” the letter read. “This 
is an explicitly political stance 
in support of the apartheid 
state of Israel and, therefore, 
cannot be considered neutral, 
but, 
rather, 
one 
wholly 

aimed at shutting down BDS 
activism 
on 
campus 
and, 

more generally, on silencing 
support of and solidarity with 
Palestinians.”

On Sept. 24, the Senate 

Advisory 
Committee 
on 

University Affairs released 
a 
statement 
on 
faculty 

responsibilities 
with 

regard to writing letters of 
recommendation, referencing 
the AAUP’s Statement on 
Professional Ethics.

“Within 
the 
guidelines 

set forth by the American 
Association 
of 
University 

Professors, 
and 

‘demonstrate(ing) respect for 
students,’ faculty should let a 
student’s merit be the primary 
guide for determining how 
and whether to provide such 
a letter,” SACUA’s statement 
read.

In 
a 
public 
forum 
for 

regent 
candidates 
Monday, 

incumbent candidate Andrea 
Fischer Newman (R) said 
SACUA 
had 
condemned 

Cheney-Lippold. 
Michael 

Atzmon, a SACUA member 
in the audience, responded 
the statement was not a 
condemnation.

Writing 
on 
behalf 
of 

Peterson in a letter dated Oct. 
15, the American Political 
Science Association said the 
sanctions 
“raise 
questions 

of 
procedural 
fairness” 

due to the lack of clarity 
surrounding an instructor’s 
obligations to write a letter of 
recommendation.

“That the instructor we are 

concerned about is, in this case, 
also an early career graduate 
student 
only 
heightens 

our concerns that outsize 
sanctions may be imposed 
on one who could reasonably 
argue 
that 
the 
vague, 

unspecified, 
and 
changing 

norms 
regarding 
writing 

letters 
of 
recommendation 

were not adequately conveyed 
in advance,” the letter read.

On 
Oct. 
9, 
University 

President 
Mark 
Schlissel 

and Provost Martin Philbert 
published 
an 
open 
letter 

to the campus announcing 
the creation of a panel to 
“examine 
the 
intersection 

between political thought/
ideology and faculty members’ 
responsibilities to students,” 
and “make absolutely clear 
that 
faculty 
members’ 

personal 
political 
beliefs 

cannot interfere with their 
obligations to our students.”

The letter from the APSA 

also expressed the concern 
that the sanctions “give at least 
the appearance of pressuring 
instructors to conform to 
the university’s position on 
what the university has itself 
termed not only an issue of 
university values but also a 
matter of political belief.”

The letter defended Cheney-

Lippold’s 
participation 
in 

the academic boycott on the 
grounds that the opportunity 
to study at Israeli universities 
is not equally accessible to all 
students in the United States. 
The letter specifically noted 
the case of Lara Alqasem, who 
was detained at Ben-Gurion 
Airport for 15 days on her 
way to study at the Hebrew 
University of Jerusalem on a 
student visa because of her 
former position as president 
of the University of Florida’s 
chapter of Students for Justice 
in Palestine, which is a part of 
the Boycott, Divestment, and 
Sanctions movement.

“Given 
the 
unequal 

opportunities to study abroad 
in Israel - which in many 
ways violates the University 
of 
Michigan’s 
own 
Non-

Discrimination Policy - the 
decision to not recommend 
a student to such a program 
is not only legitimate, but far 
from punishable,” the letter 
read.

IDEOLOGY
From Page 1

